RESUMO
In combination with high-speed photography, a 3D digital image correlation (DIC) experimental system suitable for an in-plane blasting experiment is established to effectively explore the mechanism of blasting. The dynamic response of the specimen under in-plane blasting loading is analyzed on the basis of the model experiment, and the effect of out-of-plane deformation on the 2D-DIC measurement under a blasting stress wave is studied. First, the out-of-plane displacement and strain evolution law of the specimen under blasting load are studied by using a 3D-DIC system. Second, an analytical model of the effect of out-of-plane curved displacement on 2D-DIC measurement under the blasting load is proposed on the basis of pinhole imaging theory. Finally, the specific error value and error percentage of out-of-plane displacement to the 2D-DIC measurement results are quantitatively analyzed on the basis of the established theoretical method. Results show that the theoretical error of out-of-plane curved displacement to 2D-DIC accounts for 10.8% of the measured vertical strain. In the polycarbonate plate specimen, the effect of out-of-plane displacement caused by the blasting experiment on 2D-DIC measurements cannot be ignored. This novel, to the best of our knowledge, experimental system provides a wealth of experimental data, including in-plane full-field strain evolution and out-of-plane displacement changes.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: We examined the expression of alpha-actinin 4 (ACTN4) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, to investigate the relationships between the expression of ACTN4 and the clinicopathological features of HCC patients. We have also analyzed the relevance of ACTN4 expression and survival time after HCC patients undergo surgery. METHODS: The expression of ACTN4 was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry in 87 HCC patients. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS: qRT-PCR revealed that the expression of ACTN4 mRNA was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in adjacent tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the positivity rate of ACTN4 was increased in HCC tissues compared with adjacent tissues (P=0.029). A Mann-Whitney U analysis revealed that positive ACNT4 expression was statistically significantly associated with the lymph node statuses of the HCC patients. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that positive ACTN4 expression was inversely correlated with the 5-year survival times of HCC patients after surgery, and this relationship was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: ACTN4 plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC.
