The synergistic anti-tumor effect of schisandrin B and apatinib.

The synergistic anti-tumor effect of schisandrin B (Sch.B) and apatinib was investigated in vitro. The CCK-8 assay revealed that Sch.B enhanced the inhibition of apatinib on cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. Sch.B also potentiated the suppression of apatinib on cell migration and invasion, by means of wound-healing and transwell invasion assay. Flow cytometry results showed that Sch.B enhanced apoptosis induced by apatinib. The results were confirmed by western blot analysis of the proteins MMP-9, and Bax caspase-9, and -12. These results suggest that combining apatinib and Sch.B is an effective therapeutic strategy for preventing GC progression. [Formula: see text].

Thermodynamic Properties of the Rare Earth Element Vapor Complexes LnAl(3)Cl(12) from Ln = La to Ln = Lu.

Systematic analysis of rare earth element complexes has been carefully carried out in the liquid and solid states but not in the gaseous state because of the lack of a complete set of experimental data for any kind of vapor complexes of all rare earth elements. Here we present experimental quenching results which suggest that the LnAl(3)Cl(12) complexes are the predominant vapor complexes roughly in the temperature range 588-851 K and pressure range 0.01-0.22 MPa for all of the 14 rare earth elements Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu. For these elements, thermodynamic functions of the reactions LnCl(3)(s) + (3)/(2)Al(2)Cl(6)(g) = LnAl(3)Cl(12)(g) were calculated from the measurements. Those for the radioelement Pm were smoothly interpolated. The results show Gd divergences from the standard enthalpies and standard entropies from LaAl(3)Cl(12) to LuAl(3)Cl(12).