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The Panoptic Scene Graph Generation (PSG) challenge evaluates computer vision models to identify relations in images beyond object classification and localization, enabling a deeper understanding of scenes for real-world AI applications.
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Background: E2F transcription factors (E2Fs), code a family of pivotal transcription factors, have been identified as key regulators in tumor tumorigenesis. However, the function of E2F family in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been fully elucidated. Methods: Herein, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal and TIMER were used to analyze differential expression, prognostic value, genetic alteration and immune cell infiltration of E2Fs in LUAD patients. Results: The expression levels of E2Fs (E2F1-8) were all significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues compared with normal lung tissues. All eight E2Fs had low rates of gene mutation in LUAD patients from cBioPortal databases. Survival analysis revealed that E2F2 (P=0.038; HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.02-1.81), E2F7 (P<0.001; HR 1.78; 95% CI 1.33-2.39) and E2F8 (P=0.03; HR 1.37; 95% CI 1.02-1.82) were significantly associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate cox regression analysis found that only E2F7 (P<0.001; HR 2.72; 95% CI 1.75-4.25) was an independent prognostic predictor in LUAD after adjusting common clinical parameters. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis also found that E2F7 had high diagnostic value for LUAD (AUC=0.901). Further analysis found that E2F7 was significantly associated with LUAD immune cell infiltration of B cell, T cell, neutrophil, and myeloid dendritic cell. E2F7 also have positive correlations with immune checkpoint genes including SIGLEC15, CD274, HAVCR2, PDCD1LG2, CTLA4, TIGIT, LAG3 and PDCD1 in LUAD. Conclusion: Our findings showed various association of E2F7 in LUAD diagnostic and prognostic aspects, which suggested its potential in becoming a novel biomarker.
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BACKGROUND: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been recognized as a useful marker of poor prognosis in non-cardiac surgery patients. But, the prognostic function of NLR in cardiovascular surgery patients still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between postoperative NLR and mortality in cardiac surgery patients. METHODS: Clinical data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. Postoperative day 1 (POD-1) NLR of the patients was calculated. All patients were divided into two groups according to the cut-off value of NLR, which was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden Index. The primary death outcomes were 30-day, 90-day and 1-year mortality. Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to assess the associations between NLR and 1-year mortality. Logistic analysis was performed to assess the associations between NLR and other outcomes. Multivariate analyses were used to control for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 2,707 cardiac surgery patients were included in this study. The cut-off value of postoperative NLR was 7.28. Elevated postoperative NLR was associated with increased death outcomes including 30-day mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.25, P=0.019], 90-day mortality (adjusted OR 2.49, P=0.001) and 1-year mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.58, P=0.03] of cardiac surgery in cox proportional hazard model. Elevated NLR was also associated with increased risk of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) rate (adjusted OR 3.01, P=0.004), prolonged ICU stays (adjusted OR 2.55, P<0.001), prolonged hospital stays (adjusted OR 3.32, P<0.001) and duration of ventilatory support (adjusted OR 4.16, P<0.001) after adjusting confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated postoperative NLR was significantly associated with increased short-term and long-term mortality, CRRT rate, longer ICU and hospital stay, prolonged ventilation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. NLR is promising to be a readily available and independent prognostic biomarker for patients with cardiac surgery.
