The complete mitochondrial genome of Fieberiella septentrionalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Fieberiella septentrionalis was annotated for the first time in the present study. The mitogenome was found to have circular shape, with 16,175 bp in size, containing 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer-RNA genes, 2 ribosomal-RNA genes, and 1 non-coding region. The nucleotide composition biases toward A and T is 77.9% of the entirety, which is a typical structure of Cicadellidae. All PCGs have ATN as the start codon, TAA and single T as the stop codon. The resulting phylogenetic tree confirms that the F. septentrionalis belongs to the subfamily of Deltocephalinae and Fieberiellini as sister to the remaining tribes of this subfamily.

Expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen in lung cancer cells and tumor neovasculature endothelial cells and its clinical significance.

BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been found in tumor neovasculature endothelial cells (NECs) of non-prostate cancers and may become the most promising target for anti-tumor therapy. To study the value of PSMA as a potential new target for lung cancer treatment, PSMA expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tissues and its relationship with clinicopathology were investigated in the current study. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PSMA expression in a total of 150 lung specimens of patients with lung cancer. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. RESULTS: The percentages of NSCLC patients who had PSMA (+) tumor cells and PSMA (+) NECs were 54.02% and 85.06%, respectively. The percentage of patients younger than 60 years old who had PSMA (+) tumor cells was 69.05%, which was significantly greater than the percentage of patients aged 60 years or older (40.00%, p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in the percentage of NSCLC patients with PMSA (+) NECs and stage I or II cancer (92.98%) and those patients with stage III or IV cancer (76.77%). In the SCLC tissues, NEC PSMA expression (70.00%) did not differ significantly from NSCLC. SCLC tumor cells and normal lung tissues cells were all negative. There was no significant correlation between the presence of PSMA (+) NECs in SCLC patients and the observed clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSIONS: PSMA is expressed not only in NECs of NSCLC and SCLC but also in tumor cells of most NSCLC patients. The presence of PSMA (+) tumor cells and PSMA (+) NECs in NSCLC was negatively correlated with age and the clinicopathological stage of the patients, respectively.

[Treatment of osteochondritis lesion in the knee with reduction and fixation under arthroscopy].

OBJECTIVE: To study clinical results of reduction and fixation under arthroscopy for the treatment of osteochondrotical lesion in the knee. METHODS: From December 2012 to December 2013, 4 patients with the knee joint osteochondritis lesion and free bone fragments were treated with arthroscopy to detect the stripped cartilage, and then the cartilages were reduced with small incision and fixed by cartilage nail. There were 3 males and 1 female, with age of 15, 15, 20 and 27 years old. The durations of the disease were 1 d, 5 d, 1 month and 1 year. All the patients had swelling and effusion in the knee joint, and the floating patellar test was positive. CT examination showed bone defects and loose bodies. The Lysholm, VAS, and Tegner scale were used to evaluate the knee joint functions before and after operation. RESULTS: All the patients underwent successful surgery. Postoperative CT showed good location of the cartilage without loss of reduced bone and cartilage. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 10 to 13 months, with a mean of 12 months. In one patient, arthroscopy examination was conducted for a second time to examine the connection of the fracture part to the surrounding cartilage, and it showed that the internal fixator was not absorbed. The Lysholm, VAS and Tegner scale of all patients were better than those before operation. CONCLUSION: Treatment of osteochondritis lesion with the fixation of absorbable cartilage nails may reconstruct the integrity of articular surface and recover the stability of joints, and it is an effective treatment method.

[AO clavicular hook plate for the treatment of fresh Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation in 28 patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical results of AO clavicular hook plate for the treatment of fresh Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation. METHODS: From December 2006 to December 2008, 28 patients with fresh Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation were treated with AO clavicular hook plates. There were 23 males and 5 females. The average age at surgery were 46.4 years (ranged, 22 to 68 years). The average time from suffering injuries to the operation was 3.9 days(ranged, 1 to 21 days). And the average time from the operation to plate removal was 9.4 months(ranged, 6 to 22 months). RESULTS: All the patients were followed up, the duration ranged from 6 to 24 months, with an average of 15 months. There was 1 patient with traumatic arthritis, 1 patient with plate fracture. And the others had good results without fracture and re-dislocation after operation. According to Karlsson standards, 21 patients got an excellent result, 6 good and 1 poor. Eight patients had pain and restricted activities in shoulder joints before the plate removal, and all the symptoms were catabatic after removing the clavicular hook plates. After exercise, the function of the shoulder joints achieved normal level. CONCLUSION: Clavicular hook plate used for the fresh Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation has advantages such as simple operation, little wound, less blood loss and early exercises.

D609 induces vascular endothelial cells and marrow stromal cells differentiation into neuron-like cells.

AIM: To investigate the effect of tricyclodecane-9-yl-xanthogenate (D609) on cell differentiation in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and marrow stromal cells (MSCs). METHODS: Morphological changes were observed under phase contrast microscope. Electron microscope and immunostaining were used for VECs identification. The expressions of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: After 6 h of induction with D609, some VECs showed morphological changes characteristic of neurones. 9 h later, more VECs became neuron-like cells. About 30.8% of VECs displayed positive NSE (P<0.01), while the expression of GFAP was negative. When MSCs were exposed to D609, the cells displayed neuronal morphologies, such as pyramidal cell bodies and processes formed extensive networks at 3 h. 6 h later, almost all of the cells exhibited a typical neuronal appearance, and 85.6% of MSCs displayed intensive positive NSE, but GFAP did not express. CONCLUSION: D609 induces VECs and MSCs differentiation into neuron-like cells.

Effect of arsenic trioxide on rat hepatocellular carcinoma and its renal cytotoxity.

AIM: To study the effect of arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) on rat experimental hepatocellular carcinoma and its renal cytotoxicity. METHODS: The hepatocellular carcinoma model was established by diethaylnitrosamine perfusion in stomach of 120 Wistar rats, and the treatment began at the end of 20 weeks. Before the treatment, the rat models were randomly divided into 5 groups. In the treatment groups, three doses of As(2)O(3) were injected into rat abdominal cavity; the total time of drug administration was 4 weeks. Cisplatin control or the blank group was injected into abdominal cavity with equal amount of cisplatin or saline at the same time, respectively. On the 7th, 14th and 28th day after the treatment, the hepatocellular carcinoma nodules were obtained and the morphologic changes of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were observed under light and electron microscopes; Immunohistochemistry (S-P methods) was employed to detect the expression of bcl-2, bax and PCNA in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues; flow cytometry (TUNEL assay) was used to detect the apoptosis of liver cancer cells and the change of cytokinetics. On the 28th day, the renal was obtained and its histologic change was observed under light microscope, and immunohistochemistry (SP stain) was also employed to detect the expression of bcl-2 and PCNA. Cisplatin and saline solution were used as the control. RESULTS: As(2)O(3) could induce the apoptosis of rat liver cancer cells and exhibited typical morphologic changes. The incidence of apoptosis of hapatocellular carcinoma cells was elevated (P=0.001). The elevation was higher in the group of middle-dose of As(2)O(3) (1 mg/kg(-1)) significantly than the other arsenic groups and the controls (P=0.001). Large dose of As(2)O(3) (5 mg/kg(-1)) was able to arise the incidence of apoptosis, but also produced a large amount of necrosis and inflammatory reaction. Middle dose of As(2)O(3) dramatically increased the cell number in G2/M phase (P=0.0001), and apoptosis happened apparently. The expression of bcl-2 and bax was related to the dose of As(2)O(3). With the up-regulation of apoptotic incidence, the ratio of bcl-2/bak decreased. But the incidence of apoptosis was not the highest status and the ratio of bcl-2/bax was at the lowest when the highest-dose of As(2)O(3) was used. There was significant difference among the PCNA indexes (PCNA LI) of the five groups. Of them, three arsenic groups all showed decrease of different degrees, and this down-regulation was most obvious in group A. There was significant difference among the three groups (P=0.016). Under the light microscope, the rat kidney in the cisplatin group exhibited tubular epithelium swelling and degeneration, protein casts in collecting tubules; While all arsenic groups didn't show the significant changes (P=0.013). In the arsenic groups, the expression of bcl-2 in the renal tubular epithelium was increased (P=0.005), no obvious changes happened to PCNA LI. But in the group of cisplatin, the PCNA LI increased significantly (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: As(2)O(3) can induce apoptosis of rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells. And there is optimum dose; too high dose will induce the cytotoxic effect, while certain dose of As(2)O(3) is able to block the cell cycle at G2/M phase. As(2)O(3) had the most remarkable influence on G2/M cells, and it can also induce apoptosis to cells at other phases. As(2)O(3) can restrain the proliferation of rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells, in a dose-time dependent manner; Compared with cisplatin, As(2)O(3) didn't show obvious renal toxicity, which was related to the increasing expression of bcl-2 in renal tubular epithelium, the inhibition of apoptosis and the anti-oxidation effects.