Effect of different analgesic treatments on the pulmonary function in elderly hip fracture patients: A prospective study.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of different analgesic methods on lungs in elderly patients with hip fractures. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 78 elderly hip fracture patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for surgery, where 3 analgesic methods were used: postoperative Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia pump (PCIA) (group I), pre and postoperative PCIA (group II), and preoperative fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) + postoperative PCIA (group III). The following indicators were monitored at admission (T1), on the day of surgery before anesthesia (T2), and 7 days after surgery (T3): heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), forced expiratory volume during the first second, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Pulmonary complications such as pulmonary atelectasis and respiratory insufficiency were analyzed. RESULTS: The HR, RR, forced expiratory volume during the first second, PaO2, PaCO2, IL-6, and CRP levels at T1 after fracture did not significantly differ among the 3 groups (P > .05). After different analgesic treatments post-admission, all indicators at T2 were significantly higher in group I than in groups II and III (P < .05), while there was no significant difference between groups II and III (P > .05). At T3, there were no significant differences in RR, HR, PaO2, PaCO2, and CRP levels among the groups (P > .05), but IL-6 levels at T3 were significantly higher in group I than in groups II and III (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The use of effective pain relief during surgery can help protect the lung function of elderly patients with hip fractures. When using PCIA with FICB before surgery, respiratory performance may be better protected compared to using unsustained analgesia. This could be due to a decrease in the levels of inflammatory markers such as CRP and interleukin-6.

The preferences for the telemedicine and standard health care services from the perspective of the patients with schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of telemedicine, has enabled new and various ways to deliver health care services for patients with schizophrenia. However, it is not clear that the newly emerged is better than the standard or not from the perspective of patients with schizophrenia. This study aims to explore their preferences between telemedicine and standard health care services and their associated factors. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Ningan hospital's inpatient department in Yinchuan, and collected socio-demographic and clinical information, the preferences regarding telemedicine (WeChat, telephone, and Email), and the standard health care services (community health center and home visit). The socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the five-health care service delivery ways were assessed by descriptive analysis, and the associated impact factors of preferences of patients with schizophrenia were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: Among the 300 participants, most of them chose WeChat (46.3%), some of them tended to telephone (35.4%) and community health center (11.3%), and a few of them accepted home visits (4.7%), and Email (2.3%). There are so many associated factors that affected the patients with schizophrenia to choose their favorite health care services, of which age, gender, employment, residence, and duration of illness were the independent impact factors. CONCLUSIONS: The cross-sectional study surveyed the preferences between telemedicine and standard health care services in patients with schizophrenia's opinion, disclosed independent impact factors, as well as compared the advantage and disadvantages of these. According to our findings, the best health care services should be based on the preferences of the patients with schizophrenia and adapt to realistic conditions. This provides valuable evidence to improve the health care situation, facilitate the continuity of health care services, and achieve holistic rehabilitative outcomes for the patients with schizophrenia.

Three-dimensional impact-angle-constrained cooperative guidance strategy against maneuvering target.

In order to improve the multiple-missile cooperative attack capability and penetration capability, this paper investigates two three-dimensional impact-angle-constrained cooperative guidance strategies against maneuvering target for controllable thrust missiles. First, a three-dimensional nonlinear guidance model is established that does not assume small missile lead angles in the guidance process. Second, in the line-of-sight (LOS) direction of the cluster cooperative guidance strategy, the proposed guidance algorithm transforms the simultaneous attack problem into a second-order multiagent consensus problem, which effectively solves the practical problem of low guidance precision provoked by the time-to-go estimation. Then, by combining second-order sliding mode control (SMC) and nonsingular terminal SMC theory, the guidance algorithms in the normal and lateral directions to the LOS are designed, respectively, so that the multi-missile can accurately attack a maneuvering target while satisfying the impact angle constraints. Finally, by utilizing the second-order multiagent consensus tracking control in the leader-following cooperative guidance strategy, a novel leader-following time consistency algorithm is investigated to ensure that the leader and followers can attack the maneuvering target simultaneously. Moreover, the stability of the investigated guidance algorithms is proved mathematically. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed cooperative guidance strategies are verified by numerical simulations.

Target gene identification and functional characterization of miR-1704 in chicken.

MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. SNPs in miRNA genes may lead to phenotypic variation by altering miRNA expression and their targets. In this study, miR-1704 expression profiles in nine tissues at 1 d, 6 weeks and 16 weeks old Gushi chickens were detected. MiR-1704 was widely expressed in the detection of tissues. The expression in 1 d and 6 weeks old was low abundance, while its expression at 16 weeks was very high. An rs14668705 (C > G) SNP was detected within the pre-miR-1704 in an F2 resource population of Gushi chicken crossed with Anka broiler. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the C > G mutation could introduce a base-pair mismatch and cause the change of free energy. Experiments further revealed that the rs14668705 in precursor miR-1704 could significantly affect mature miR-1704 biogenesis and was significantly associated with body weight at the age of 0, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks, shank circumference at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, carcass weight, and semi-evisceration weight (p < 0.05). Insulin receptor 2 (IRS2) gene, one of the potential targets of miR-1704 was identified and further confirmed. These data suggested that miR-1704 targeted IRS2 and have an effect on body weight in chicken.

SNP in pre-miR-1666 decreases mature miRNA expression and is associated with chicken performance.

Polymorphisms in miRNA genes could potentially alter various biological processes by influencing the processing and (or) target selection of miRNAs. The rs14120863 (C > G) mutation, which we characterized in a Gushi-Anka F2 resource population, resides in the precursor region of miR-1666. Association analysis with chicken carcass and growth traits showed that the SNP was significantly associated with carcass weight, evisceration weight, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight, and body weight at 8 weeks of age, as well as some body size indexes including shank girth, chest breadth, breast bone length, and body slanting length, in the Gushi-Anka F2 resource population. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that miR-1666 expression levels in muscle tissues differed within various genotypes. Experiment in DF1 cells further confirmed that the SNP in miR-1666 could significantly alter mature miRNA production. Subsequently, using dual-luciferase report assay, we verified that miR-1666 could perform its function through targeting of the CBFB gene. In conclusion, the SNP in the precursor of miR-1666 could significantly reduce mature miR-1666 production. It may further affect the function of miR-1666 through the target gene CBFB, hence it is associated with chicken growth traits.