Unruptured ovarian ectopic pregnancy: Two case reports and literature review.

In clinical practice, ovarian pregnancy is extremely rare and is always found to be ruptured. A definitive diagnosis for ruptured ovarian pregnancy is difficult to obtain. We present two cases of unruptured ovarian pregnancies detected during laparoscopy and review existing literature to better understand the clinical characteristics of ectopic pregnancies in this rare site. Intrauterine devices, assisted reproductive technology, and intrauterine operations are all high-risk factors in ovarian pregnancy. Moreover, menopause, abdominal pain, and vaginal bleeding are clinical manifestations. Ovarian pregnancy can be diagnosed using serum hCG, transvaginal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. Laparoscopy is the treatment of choice for ovarian pregnancy. It is recommended that the intact gestational sac be excised and the ovarian function be protected to the greatest extent possible during the operation. More definitive diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy must be reported in order to gain a better understanding of ovarian pregnancy.

Postmenopausal giant ovarian tumor: a rare case report and literature review.

OBJECTIVE: A giant ovarian tumor weighing 62 kg and containing 51 L cyst fluid is rare among postmenopausal women, and an early diagnosis contributes to a good prognosis. METHODS: We report a case of a 62-kg giant ovarian tumor, the largest ovarian tumor ever reported in China. A 64-year-old woman with a giant pelvic abdominal mass underwent surgery. Because of the occurrence of serious perioperative and postoperative complications, we then conducted a literature review to investigate possible risk factors for severe complications. RESULTS: During the operation, 51 L of intratumoral fluid was drained, and a giant ovarian tumor of approximately 62 kg was removed. The pathological examination showed that the tumor was a mucinous borderline one. The patient had perioperative hypotension and postoperative respiratory failure. After a comprehensive literature review, we found that the occurrence of serious complications may not be related to tumor volume and weight but age and the amount of fluid in the tumor. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of severe complications should be carefully considered when huge ovarian tumors or tumors containing a large amount of tumor fluid in postmenopausal women are removed.

Construction and Characterization of Cadherin 6 (CDH6)-Targeting Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) Modified T Cells.

In this study, we constructed cadherin 6 (CDH6)-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells (CAR-T cells) and investigated their target-specific recognition and tumor-specific cytocidal effect through in vitro approach. CDH6 expression at the transcriptional level and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters in various tumor types were analyzed using online bioinformatics tool. Conventional molecular cloning method was used to construct the lentiviral vector encoding CDH6-specific CAR and the lentivirus was prepared using 3-plasmid transient cotransfection method. CDH6-targeting CAR-T cells were prepared using centrifugal infection method, and the specific recognition and cytocidal effects of CAR-T cell targets were investigated through in vitro co-culture experiments. At the transcription level, CDH6 was significantly overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues (P < 0.05). Although it was not correlated with tumor stage and patient's prognosis, the overexpression of CDH6 was positively associated with the expression of paired-box 8 (PAX8), a lineage-specific transcription factor. In the present study, we successfully established CDH6-targeting CAR-T cells that can secrete effector cytokines and produce specific cytocidal effects after being co-cultured with CDH6-positive ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Thus, CDH6, as a lineage-specific factor of ovarian tissue, may be an ideal target for CAR-T cell therapy of ovarian cancer.