Establishment of Reference Interval for Alkaline Phosphatase in Healthy Children of Various Ethnicities, Aged 0-12 Years.

BACKGROUND: To establish a reference interval of alkaline phosphatase for healthy children of various ethnicities, aged 0 years to 12 years in China. METHODS: According to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline C28-A3, blood specimens were collected in the morning after overnight fasting from 502 healthy children to determine the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, using the Beckman AU5800 automatic biochemical analyzer. Children were grouped by sex and age. The age groups were as follows: 0 to 1 year, 1 to 3 years, 3 to 6 years, and 6 to 12 years. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the sex and age groups for the age groups of 0 to 1 year, 1 to 3 years, and 3 to 6 years; as a result, we combined those groups into a single group. The reference interval of ALP is 81.9 to 350.3 U per L in the group aged 0 to 6 years and 48.8 to 445.9 U per L in the group aged 6 to 12 years. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study establish a reference interval for ALP in healthy children, which will provide a basis for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring bone or liver-related diseases in children.

Comparison of gene transfection reagents between PEI and lipofectamine / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To compare the transfection efficiency of cationic polyethylenimine(PEI)with Lipofectamine 2000TM by using the plasmid DNA encoding vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF165 )gene in human embryonic kidney cell line 293T.Methods PEI of different N/P ratio and Lipofectamine 2000TM were used to deliver the vector containing VEGF165 to 293T cells,respectively.Green fluorescent protein(GFP)gene was inserted into the vector as a report gene.Evaluation of cytoactive was performed by CCK-8 assay 24 h after transfection.The cells were observed by fluorescent microscope and the presence of VEGF165 in cell supernatant was detected by ELISA 48 h after transfection.The transfection efficiency was calculated and com-pared.Results Similar cytoactive and best transfection efficiency could be obtained when N/P ratio was 9,the transfection efficien-cy was around 70%.Furthermore,the presence of VEGF165 increased significantly after transfection(P <0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups in which different transfection methods were adopted.Conclusion PEI as a novel oli-gofectamine reagent could mediate more efficient transfection compared with lipofectamine.It also has low cell-toxicity and low price and could be an ideal vector in gene delivery technology.

Operating scheme and experience of executing internal comparisons of blood cell analysis in a clinical laboratory.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to perform an internal comparison of blood cell analyses: white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts in a clinical laboratory. METHODS: Instrument comparison: Based on EP9-A2 of the Clinical Laboratory and Standard Institute (CLSI) and the statistics program of External Quality Assessment (EQA), we set 1/2CLIA'88 as our quality standard and used a Beckman coulter LH750 as the reference. We then compared this to another 4 blood analyzers: the Beckman Coulter Gen-S, ABX pentra 60, and the Sysmex XT2000i and XS-800i, including the Beckman Coulter Gen-S in manual mode. Personnel comparison: WBC and PLT counts were performed on five samples by 13 technicians at random. Two statistics programs were used to calculate the bias of each technician. The results were compared with the 1/2 CLIA'88 standard to evaluate staff performance. RESULTS: All instrument comparisons met our quality standards of WBC < 7.5% and PLT < 12.5%. However, five technicians did not achieve satisfactory results of the WBC count in the first assessment. The coefficient of variation (CV) among qualified staff assessing five samples ranged from 8.51% to 12.2%, but all exceeded the 1/2 CLIA'88 quality standard; however, the CVs of 2 samples among qualified staff were approximately 20%, but after strict training this variability reduced significantly to approximately 5%. CONCLUSIONS: Instrument comparisons demonstrated achievement of quality goals under rigorous calibration and quality control, but CVs were comparatively large. This improved following strict training, so a laboratory should emphasize the training and assessment of staff and evaluation of the actual situation when selecting a qualification program.

Comparative analysis of POCT and routine test in BNP testing / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the relevance between the point-of-care testing (POCT) and routine test in BNP testing .Meth-ods The whole blood samples or plasma samples from 40 inpatients were detected brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) by the Alere Triage? MeterPro fluorescence immunoassay analyzer (POCT ) or the Beckman Coulter Access ?2 chemiluminescence analyzer (routine test) ,respectively .The acquired data were subjected to comparative analysis according to the CLCS EP 9-A2 .Results The linear regression of the BNP content in the blood samples detected by POCT and the routine test was good ,the correlation coeffi-cient(r) was 0 .999 7 .Conclusion POCT and the routine test have good correlation in BNP testing .POCT for BNP testing has higher reliability and is applicable for clinical detection .

Protection of melatonin against damage of sperm mitochondrial function induced by reactive oxygen species / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the damage of mitochondrial function of sperm induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the protection of melatonin (MLT) against the damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Spermatozoa of normal physiological function selected from semen samples by Percoll gradient centrifugation technique were used as normal sperm models in the present study. Reactive oxygen species were generated by hypoxanthine xanthine oxidase system, and in the presence (or absence) of MLT (6 mmol/L), incubated with normal sperm models for 30 and 60 minutes. After incubation, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in mitochondria of spermatozoa was assessed by histochemical method, and spermatozoa were labeled with specific fluorescent probe of Rhodamine 123 to measure mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After normal spermatozoa were incubated with ROS, MMP of spermatozoa significantly decreased, and the activity of SDH almost decreased to zero. However, MLT had effect on reducing the damage of the mitochondrial function of sperm induced by ROS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ROS can damage the mitochondrial function of sperm by affecting MMP of spermatozoa and the activity of SDH. MLT can protect sperm mitochondria from the damage induced by ROS through its effective antioxidative potential.</p>

Antioxidant vitamin and male reproduction / 中华男科学杂志

Increased generation of ROS causes the lipid oxidation of the membrane of spermatozoa, but antioxidant vitamins play an important role in reproduction and help clear away ROS and protect the sperm membrane from lipid oxidation. This review focused on the effect of antioxidant vitamins on male reproduction and in the treatment of male infertility.