Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children: assessment and treatment at Arkansas Children's Hospital.

Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is associated with upper airway obstruction during sleep, which negatively affects sleep quality, ventilation, and/or oxygenation. The condition affects 2-11% of children. In this paper we discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children and provide a brief overview of the Arkansas Children's Hospital Sleep Disorder Center.

Emergency department screening for risk for post-traumatic stress disorder among injured children.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the successes and challenges associated with the implementation of a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening tool in two pediatric emergency departments (ED). METHODS: The STEPP screening tool has been developed previously on an inpatient population of motor vehicle trauma patients. It was applied here to the general ED population at two different pediatric trauma centers. Nurse screeners were trained and a convenience sample of patients with unintentional injuries who met study criteria were screened in the ED. Feedback from nurse screeners was obtained. RESULTS: The process of implementing a screening tool to identify patients and their families significantly at risk for PTSD symptomatology presented some barriers, but overall acceptability of the process was high for both the emergency department staff and the patient. Recommendations for others considering implementation of screening programs in the ED are offered. CONCLUSIONS: Future research using screening protocols in the ED should, in their design, attempt to capitalize on the successes identified in the current protocol and circumvent barriers also encountered.