Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Fiber-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations Immersed in Three Different Beverages: In Vitro Study.

AIM: The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the microleakage of fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (GIC) and conventional glass ionomer cement restorations immersed in three different beverages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 96 human exfoliating deciduous molars were selected which were cleaned and disinfected. Standardized Class V cavity preparations were done and buccal surface were restored with experimental fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (Exp-FRGIC), lingual surface were restored with Type II conventional GIC. They were divided into four groups according to the test beverage. The samples were subjected to various immersion regimes and evaluated for microleakage under stereomicroscope. RESULTS: Intragroup comparison for (Exp-FRGIC) showed significant microleakage when immersed in fresh fruit juice at high immersion whereas intragroup comparison in conventional GIC, showed highest microleakage with soft drink. Intergroup comparison of (Exp-FRGIC) in high immersion regime, showed more microleakage with specimen immersed in soft drink followed by fresh fruit juice. CONCLUSION: It can thus be concluded that the three beverages used in the study affected the microleakage of both restorative materials significantly. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Increasing usage of fruit juices in the pediatric diet has a definite impact on the progression of caries and it directly or indirectly affects the quality of restorations placed in the oral cavity. How to cite this article: George MA, Chandak SA, Khekade SH, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Fiber-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations Immersed in Three Different Beverages: In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):346-353.

Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Eugenol with Zinc Oxide Mixed with Three Herbal Products to be Used as Root Canal Filling Material: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction: Primary teeth with pulpal involvement and those having periapical issues should be retained until their normal exfoliation because their premature loss may lead to adverse aberrations in the future dentition. Root canals harbor different types of microorganisms and root canal infections generally are polymicrobial in nature. One of the most common and preferred root canal filling material which is commonly used for primary teeth is zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cement. Aims and objectives: To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of ZOE with zinc oxide powder mixed with Morinda citrifolia extract, Aloe vera extract, and neem extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. Materials and methods: The material used in the study were zinc oxide powder, eugenol liquid, M. citrifolia extract, A. vera extract, neem extract, petroleum jelly (Vaseline). The zinc oxide powder was mixed with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) percentage value of herbal extract. Result: Zinc oxide eugenol showed strong inhibitory effect against S. aureus and C. albicans. For P. aeruginosa, zinc oxide+M. citrifolia showed strong inhibitory. Petroleum jelly (Vaseline) was used as control agent which showed no inhibitory effect. Conclusion: The test root canal filling materials, i.e., ZOE, zinc oxide powder mixed with M. citrifolia extract, A. vera extract, and neem extract, respectively showed varied antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested, i.e., S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. How to cite this article: Wasnik MB, Mittal R, Sajjanar A, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Eugenol with Zinc Oxide Mixed with Three Herbal Products to be Used as Root Canal Filling Material: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S40-S46.

Assessment of Salivary Mutans Streptococci Counts to Atraumatic Restorative Treatment Among Children: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Introduction Besides the survival rate of restorations, the effect of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) on bacterial count is also important. After ART restoration, the bacterial count drops due to the fluoride's antibacterial activity and hence it can decrease the chances of further decay. The present study assessed salivary mutans streptococci counts for six months of evaluations subsequent to ART among 12-15-year-old children attending schools in Piparia village, Vadodara district. Methods ART was performed on 32 children and followed up after six months to evaluate the success rate of ART. Saliva collection and microbial analysis were performed five times from every participant, before ART restoration placement, seven days, 30 days (one month), 90 days (three months) and 180 days (six months) post-restoration. Results At baseline, the mean colony forming units (CFU) was 48.30 ± 46.58, which reduced to 32.64 ± 30.40 at one week, which showed a 32% reduction in colony counts. This further reduced to 18.60 ± 20.81 at one month, marking a further 43% reduction in colony counts. This again reduced to 13.63 ± 18.04 at three months, which showed a 27% reduction in colony counts. CFU came to 16.23 ± 23.34 at six months, which showed a 19% increase in colony counts. Comparison of baseline mean CFU (48.30 ± 46.58) to six months mean CFU of streptococcus mutans (SM) (16.23 ± 23.34) showed a 66% reduction in colony counts. A statistically significant difference was found between numerous intervals of time of CFU of streptococcus mutans. Conclusion The findings reveal that ART is a clinical treatment that can be used to treat caries in young children, and it helped significantly reduce Streptococcus Mutans levels in saliva.

Effectiveness of a Structured Instructional Module Regarding the Prevention of Oral Cancer among Adolescents in Urban Colleges.

BACKGROUND: Oral cancer is a preventable disease that can be controlled by tobacco cessation and health education. For development of a healthy nation, a healthy society is desirable that is dependent on physically and mentally strong adolescents and adults. OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to assess the effectiveness and utilization of a structured instructional module on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prevention of oral cancer among adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 500 preuniversity urban college students, divided into two groups: experimental and control groups (n = 250 each). A structured instructional module was developed and knowledge, attitude, and practice of students were analyzed. Pre and post values for all parameters were taken and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software version 20.0. RESULTS: The data were collected and compared for sociodemographic variables and knowledge, attitude, and practice of students for prevention of oral cancers. A statistically significant correlation was observed between all the parameters for both the groups. In the experimental group, a significant correlation (P ≤ 0.05) was observed between pre- and posttest values for knowledge, attitude, and practices for prevention of oral cancers. CONCLUSION: It has been observed that there are several implications of the structured instructional module in the field of education, practice, administration, and research.

Acceptance of Parents for Behavior Management Technique with Reference to Previous Dental Expertise and Dental Anxiety.

Introduction: Behavior management of pediatric patients may be done by behavioral and pharmacological techniques. Parents play a vital role when making a decision for treatment for the kid. Aim: To evaluate parental acceptance towards behavior management techniques (BMT) at the side of its reference to previous dental expertise and dental anxiety. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among forty parents of children between three to twelve years before dental treatment. The statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test, Student's paired and unpaired t -test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data analysis was performed using software package of statistical analysis (SPSS 22.0 version and GraphPad Prism 6.0 version). Results: The most accepted technique was audiovisual technique followed by tell-show-do and anesthesia. The least accepted technique was oral sedation. Parents whose children were treated at the Postgraduate Clinic of Department of Pediatric Dentistry had lower incomes than those from the private practice. 24% preferred general anesthesia compared to active restraint. Conclusion: Audiovisual technique is the most accepted behavior management technique by parents and is an efficient distraction technique for behavior management for anxious pediatric patients. Postgraduate clinic parents had lower incomes than those at the private practice. Parental dental experience and dental anxiety didn't have an effect on the acceptance of any specific behavior management technique. How to cite this article: Shukla H, Kulkarni S, Wasnik MB, et al. Acceptance of Parents for Behavior Management Technique with Reference to Previous Dental Expertise and Dental Anxiety. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-2):S193-S198.

Assessment of Oral Health Status of Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontics: A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of dental caries and gingival disease is at higher level in orthodontic patients. The present study demonstrated oral health status of patients undergoing fixed orthodontics. METHODOLOGY: A total of 168 patients age ranged 12-17 years who were undergoing orthodontic treatment for 2 years of both genders were recruited. The assessment of dental caries as Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score and plaque index was determined at first, second, and last visits. RESULTS: Age 12 years had 22 males and 28 females, 13 years had 14 males and 22 females, 14 years had 8 males and 18 females, 15 years had 7 males and 15 females, 16 years had 6 males and 14 females, and 17 years had 9 males and 5 females. The mean DMFT score in age group 12 years was 1.74 and 2.24 at first and third visits, respectively, at 13 years was 1.60 and 2.04 at first and third visits, respectively, at 14 years was 2.38 and 2.72 at first and third visits, respectively, at 15 years was 1.74 and 2.08, at 16 years was 3.32 and 3.56 and at 17 years was 3.40, and 3.64 at first and third visits, respectively. CONCLUSION: There was significant higher dental caries and plaque index in age group 12 years.

Oral Health Related Quality of Life Changes in Standard Cleft and Surgery Patients- A clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Malocclusions are expected to affect subjective attraction, social recognition, and intellect. For dentofacial deformities, functional concerns can also arise. The previous research has established a gradient on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) scores through malocclusion intensity, particularly in the social and emotional realms. This study is used to assess the quality of oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of sixty patients began orthodontic therapy at a tertiary-care facility. Treatment in the orthodontic clinic is restricted to serious malocclusions. The study was selected from patients who meet the qualifying requirements of extreme malocclusion and orofacial clefting. The research removed patients with diagnosed hereditary syndromes. Patients got either single-arch or double-arch fixed equipment during their orthodontic procedure. Subjects were categorized as orthodontic patients with extreme malocclusions, needing orthodontic therapy, and severe spinal discrepancies, requiring both orthodontic treatment and orthognatic surgery. The overall score of one subject was 0-56, while the domain score was 0-8. Higher ratings for oral health profiles reflect a stronger effect on the relative quality of life of oral health. RESULTS: For the 14 objects, the mean baseline Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score for all three categories was not statistically different for about half of the items. For surgery participants, the OHIP-14 baseline scores were nearly twice as large as the scores of the other two categories for each of these things (P = 0.05). There were a lot of statistically important variations involving the categories, and the three most significant ones are revealing pattern here. The multiple comparison power of nonsignificant predictive variables was extremely weak for the area of physical pain is 5.2%; 41.2% of remaining tests, and 84% for the functional limitation and mental deficiency domain. CONCLUSION: Patients receiving a mixture of orthognathic surgery and orthodontic therapy have comparatively low OHRQoL baseline; however in contrast with normal and cleft patients, they still gain the most from care.

The Status of Knowledge Related to the Emergency Management of Avulsed Tooth amongst the Medical Practitioners of Nagpur, Central India.

INTRODUCTION: Tooth avulsion is a frequently reported traumatic injury amongst young children and whenever it occurs, the parents or teachers of those children often seek the help of Medical Practitioners to provide the first line of treatment. Therefore, the general physician's knowledge regarding the same is an important issue to be taken into consideration. AIM: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of general medical practitioners of Nagpur city of Central India regarding emergency management of avulsed tooth and highlight the importance of avulsed tooth education in schools and medical colleges in order to increase the knowledge of the same among teachers, parents and general physicians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out amongst 1045 medical doctors after a comprehensive search made in Google database using the keywords "Medical", "doctors" "Nagpur". Data regarding the emergency management of avulsed tooth was collected using a self administered close ended questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 1045 medical practitioners (718 males, 327 females) voluntarily participated in this survey. It was observed that 56.8% of the medical practitioners had no prior knowledge of management of an avulsed tooth. A 81.6% of practitioners were unaware of transport medium for an avulsed tooth whereas, more than half practitioners (64.7%) were naive about an ideal time for replantation of an avulsed tooth. A little more than one third of the practitioners (26.5%) were unacquainted about the method of holding an avulsed tooth. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the level of education, the general medical practitioners of Nagpur lack most of the knowledge required for the emergency management of an avulsed teeth. Keeping the in mind the present scenario, it was recommended that education regarding avulsed tooth should be incorporated in school and medical curriculum to increase awareness among parents, teachers and medical practitioners. Also, it is the responsibility of the dentist to make the society aware of this situation.