RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Describe the indications for surgical interventions in asymptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2. We are unaware of previous reports of an association between SARS-CoV-2 and acute appendicitis. METHODS: We performed a single institution retrospective review of SARS-CoV-2 pre-procedure testing and indications for surgical intervention. Statistical comparisons were performed using Chi Square analysis or two-tailed Student T test. RESULTS: We report a high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in both all testing and pre-procedure testing during the enrollment period. We observe a high prevalence of acute appendicitis among patients identified to be SARS-CoV-2 positive during pre-procedure testing and without recognized symptoms of COVID19. CONCLUSION: We report a previously unrecognized association between SARS-CoV-2 and acute appendicitis.
Assuntos
Apendicite/complicações , COVID-19/complicações , Doença Aguda , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-6 is a member of the STAT family of latent transcription factors. In this investigation, we examined STAT6 expression in clinical prostate cancer tissue specimen and determined its role in prostate cell proliferation and migration. METHODS: STAT6 expression in cell lines and tissues was analyzed by RT-PCR, IHC and/or immunoblot analyses. Down-regulation of STAT6 expression was achieved by STAT6 siRNA and its effect on cell migration and apoptosis was measured. RESULTS: STAT6 is highly expressed in the fibromuscular stroma of prostate cancer specimens. STAT6 is also expressed in the malignant epithelial layer and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). STAT6 expression was significantly correlated with high histological grades of prostate cancer as well as with tumor size. Our data indicate deregulated STAT6 mRNA and protein expression in prostate cancer cells with high levels in the non-cancerous HPV 18C-1 and cancerous DU145 cell lines and low levels in PC3 and LNCaP cells. Phosphorylated STAT6 was expressed in all three cancer cell lines DU145, PC3, and LNCaP. Down-regulation of STAT6 using siRNA leads to the induction of early apoptosis in DU145 cells and inhibits migration of these cells. Significant reduction in cell viability and transcriptional down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-X(L) was observed followed by STAT6 down-regulation in DU145 cells. Interestingly STAT6 also regulates transcription of 15-lipoxygenase-1 gene in DU145 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that STAT6 is a survival factor in prostate cancer and regulates the genetic transcriptional program that is responsible for prostate cancer progression.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasia Prostática Intraepitelial/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Próstata/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT6/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Idoso , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Progressão da Doença , Regulação para Baixo , Humanos , Masculino , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Hiperplasia Prostática/genética , Hiperplasia Prostática/metabolismo , Hiperplasia Prostática/patologia , Neoplasia Prostática Intraepitelial/genética , Neoplasia Prostática Intraepitelial/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , RNA Complementar/análise , RNA Neoplásico/análise , RNA Interferente Pequeno/farmacologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT6/genética , Células Estromais/metabolismo , Células Estromais/patologiaRESUMO
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause profound alterations in the bone marrow. These alterations can mimic the more serious diagnosis of acute leukemia. The two patients described in this report were originally suspected of having acute leukemia or myelodysplasia on the basis of the bone marrow smear, and induction chemotherapy was considered. However, after further studies, they were both found to have vitamin B12 deficiency, and parenteral vitamin B12 administration resulted in normalization of the bone marrow.
Assuntos
Anemia Perniciosa/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/diagnóstico , Idoso , Anemia Perniciosa/patologia , Anemia Perniciosa/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vitamina B 12/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Hibernomas, or "brown fat" tumors, arising from the adrenal gland, have not been reported previously. These benign lesions consist of brown fat and demonstrate inert features. The most common anatomic location of these tumors is in the adipose tissue of the thigh, shoulder, chest, and back. We describe a hibernoma within the adrenal gland in close association with a myelolipoma that was excised for its solid enlarging characteristics.