Validation of the rabbit pain behaviour scale (RPBS) to assess acute postoperative pain in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Considering the widespread use of rabbits in research that potentially causes pain and discomfort and the limited number of pain assessment validated tools in this species, we aimed to develop and validate a scale of acute postoperative pain in rabbits (RPBS). Footage of 58 rabbits from previous studies were used, recorded at 'baseline' (before orthopaedic and soft tissue surgeries), 'pain' (after surgery), 'analgesia' (after analgesic), and '24h post' (24 hours after surgery). The videos were randomised and assessed twice by four evaluators, within one-month interval between evaluations. After content validation, RBPS was further refined using the criteria from the validation. According to the principal component analysis, RPBS was considered unidimensional. The intra- and inter-observer reliability was excellent (ICC>0.80) for all evaluators. There was a high Spearman's correlation of the RPBS with unidimensional scales (>0.80) and a moderate correlation with the Rabbit Grimace Scale (0.68), confirming criterion validity. According to the mixed linear model, the scale was responsive, shown by the increase in pain scores after surgery. Construct validity was confirmed by known-group approach and internal relationships among items. Adequate item-total correlation (>0.3) was observed for all items, except for the attention to the affected area (0.04). The internal consistency was very good (Cronbach's α coefficient = 0.78; Mcdonald's ω coefficient = 0.83). The cut-off score for rescue analgesia was ≥3, with an area under the curve >0.95, demonstrating a high discriminatory capacity of the instrument. Scores 3 and 4 were within the uncertainty diagnostic zone. Specificity was 87% and sensitivity was 90%. It was concluded that the RPBS presented content, criterion, and construct validities, responsiveness, and reliability to assess acute pain in rabbits submitted to orthopaedic and soft tissue surgeries. The cut-off for rescue analgesia serves as a basis for the administration of analgesics to rabbits submitted to painful procedures.

Evaluation of Operating Room Environment Contamination and Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine for Surgical Hand Scrubbing before and after Gowning and Gloving

Background: Human skin is colonized by various species of microorganisms, which makes them difficult to eliminate even with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Real efficacy of the antimicrobial product combined with incorrect administration of antibiotics, in addition to potential environmental contamination, are critical points for the establishment of postoperative infection or absence of it. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical antisepsis using a 2% chlorhexidine brush during a surgery, detect operating room environmental contamination, and verify the existence of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics most commonly used in Veterinary Medicine.Materials, Methods & Results: In ten cases of the surgical routine, samples were collected concurrently at specific time points throughout 2 h of surgical procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine brush on hand scrubbing of a mock surgeon, swabs were used to sample the surface of the hands before and after gowning and gloving. Samples or their dilutions were inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Contamination of the operating room was evaluated using BHI agar plates distributed through the room. After the incubation period, counts and biochemical tests were performed, and an antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics most commonly us

Evaluation of Operating Room Environment Contamination and Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine for Surgical Hand Scrubbing before and after Gowning and Gloving

Background: Human skin is colonized by various species of microorganisms, which makes them difficult to eliminate even with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Real efficacy of the antimicrobial product combined with incorrect administration of antibiotics, in addition to potential environmental contamination, are critical points for the establishment of postoperative infection or absence of it. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical antisepsis using a 2% chlorhexidine brush during a surgery, detect operating room environmental contamination, and verify the existence of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics most commonly used in Veterinary Medicine.Materials, Methods & Results: In ten cases of the surgical routine, samples were collected concurrently at specific time points throughout 2 h of surgical procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine brush on hand scrubbing of a mock surgeon, swabs were used to sample the surface of the hands before and after gowning and gloving. Samples or their dilutions were inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Contamination of the operating room was evaluated using BHI agar plates distributed through the room. After the incubation period, counts and biochemical tests were performed, and an antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics most commonly us

Evaluation of Operating Room Environment Contamination and Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine for Surgical Hand Scrubbing before and after Gowning and Gloving

Background: Human skin is colonized by various species of microorganisms, which makes them difficult to eliminate even with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Real efficacy of the antimicrobial product combined with incorrect administration of antibiotics, in addition to potential environmental contamination, are critical points for the establishment of postoperative infection or absence of it. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical antisepsis using a 2% chlorhexidine brush during a surgery, detect operating room environmental contamination, and verify the existence of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics most commonly used in Veterinary Medicine.Materials, Methods & Results: In ten cases of the surgical routine, samples were collected concurrently at specific time points throughout 2 h of surgical procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine brush on hand scrubbing of a mock surgeon, swabs were used to sample the surface of the hands before and after gowning and gloving. Samples or their dilutions were inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Contamination of the operating room was evaluated using BHI agar plates distributed through the room. After the incubation period, counts and biochemical tests were performed, and an antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics most commonly us

Evaluation of Operating Room Environment Contamination and Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine for Surgical Hand Scrubbing before and after Gowning and Gloving

Background: Human skin is colonized by various species of microorganisms, which makes them difficult to eliminate even with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Real efficacy of the antimicrobial product combined with incorrect administration of antibiotics, in addition to potential environmental contamination, are critical points for the establishment of postoperative infection or absence of it. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical antisepsis using a 2% chlorhexidine brush during a surgery, detect operating room environmental contamination, and verify the existence of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics most commonly used in Veterinary Medicine.Materials, Methods & Results: In ten cases of the surgical routine, samples were collected concurrently at specific time points throughout 2 h of surgical procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine brush on hand scrubbing of a mock surgeon, swabs were used to sample the surface of the hands before and after gowning and gloving. Samples or their dilutions were inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Contamination of the operating room was evaluated using BHI agar plates distributed through the room. After the incubation period, counts and biochemical tests were performed, and an antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics most commonly us

Evaluation of Operating Room Environment Contamination and Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine for Surgical Hand Scrubbing before and after Gowning and Gloving

Background: Human skin is colonized by various species of microorganisms, which makes them difficult to eliminate even with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Real efficacy of the antimicrobial product combined with incorrect administration of antibiotics, in addition to potential environmental contamination, are critical points for the establishment of postoperative infection or absence of it. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical antisepsis using a 2% chlorhexidine brush during a surgery, detect operating room environmental contamination, and verify the existence of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics most commonly used in Veterinary Medicine.Materials, Methods & Results: In ten cases of the surgical routine, samples were collected concurrently at specific time points throughout 2 h of surgical procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine brush on hand scrubbing of a mock surgeon, swabs were used to sample the surface of the hands before and after gowning and gloving. Samples or their dilutions were inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Contamination of the operating room was evaluated using BHI agar plates distributed through the room. After the incubation period, counts and biochemical tests were performed, and an antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics most commonly us

Evaluation of Operating Room Environment Contamination and Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine for Surgical Hand Scrubbing before and after Gowning and Gloving

Background: Human skin is colonized by various species of microorganisms, which makes them difficult to eliminate even with the use of antimicrobial drugs. Real efficacy of the antimicrobial product combined with incorrect administration of antibiotics, in addition to potential environmental contamination, are critical points for the establishment of postoperative infection or absence of it. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surgical antisepsis using a 2% chlorhexidine brush during a surgery, detect operating room environmental contamination, and verify the existence of bacterial resistance to the antibiotics most commonly used in Veterinary Medicine.Materials, Methods & Results: In ten cases of the surgical routine, samples were collected concurrently at specific time points throughout 2 h of surgical procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine brush on hand scrubbing of a mock surgeon, swabs were used to sample the surface of the hands before and after gowning and gloving. Samples or their dilutions were inoculated onto blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Contamination of the operating room was evaluated using BHI agar plates distributed through the room. After the incubation period, counts and biochemical tests were performed, and an antimicrobial disc susceptibility test was performed using antibiotics most commonly us

Comparison of morphine, ketoprofen and Arnica montana 6x and 30x per oral transmucosal or subcutaneous route for control of postoperative pain in cats subjected to hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

ABSTRACT: The postoperative analgesic effect of Arnica montana (Arnica) was compared to morphine and ketoprofen in 50 cats following hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (HSO). Cats were randomly allocated to five groups (n=10) and were treated 30 minutes before surgery and over 72 hours with 1ml of Arnica 30x per subcutaneous (SC) route (GA30SC); Arnica 30x per oral transmucosal route (P.O.) (GA30PO); Arnica 6x P.O. (GA6PO); morphine 0.1mg kg-1 SC (GM) SID or ketoprofen 2mg kg-1 SC (GK) before and 1mg kg-1 after surgery. Sedation and postoperative pain were assessed by means of a dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS) and variable count scale (VCS) and hyperalgesia using an esthesiometer. Whenever the VAS and VCS scores attained 33% of the maximum value, rescue analgesia was performed with morphine 0.3mg kg-1 per the intramuscular (IM) route. Other variables assessed were vomiting, defecation, urination, body weight and wound healing. Vomiting only occurred in animals treated with morphine. The groups did not differ in defecation, urination, body weight or wound healing. Hyperalgesia was detected only on the occasions that the criterion for rescue analgesia was met. One animal in GK and one in GM required rescue analgesia, differing from groups GA30SC, GA30PO and GA6PO, in which 4, 4 and 5 animals, respectively, required rescue analgesia. It can be concluded that ketoprofen and morphine were more efficacious than Arnica and that there was no difference among the various potencies and routes of administration of Arnica for postoperative analgesia in cats undergoing HSO.

RESUMO: Comparou-se o efeito analgésico de Arnica em relação à morfina ou cetoprofeno, no período pós-operatório, de 50 gatas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia (OSH). As gatas foram divididas em cinco grupos (n=10) e tratadas aleatoriamente 30 minutos antes da cirurgia por 72 horas com 1ml de Arnica 30D por via subcutânea (SC) (GA30SC); Arnica 30D por via oral (VO) (GA30VO); Arnica 6D VO (GA6VO); 0,1mg kg-1 de morfina SC (GM) TID ou 2mg kg-1 de cetoprofeno SC (GC) antes e 1mg kg-1 após a cirurgia SID. Foram avaliadas a sedação e a dor pós-operatória, por meio de escala analógica visual (EAV), escala de contagem variável (ECV) e hiperalgesia, esta última pelo estesiômetro. Quando os escores da ECV e EAV atingiram 33% do valor máximo, realizou-se resgate analgésico com 0,3mg kg-1 de morfina por via intramuscular (IM). Observou-se ocorrência de vômito, defecação, micção, alteração de peso e a cicatrização. Exceto nos animais tratados com morfina, não houve vômito. Não houve diferença entre os grupos para defecação, micção, peso e cicatrização. A hiperalgesia foi observada apenas nos momentos do resgate analgésico. Um animal de GC e um de GM receberam resgate analgésico, o que diferiu dos grupos GA30SC, GA30VO e GA6VO, onde, respectivamente, 4, 4 e 5 animais necessitaram resgate analgésico. Conclui-se que o cetoprofeno e a morfina foram mais eficazes que a Arnica e que, quanto à Arnica, não houve diferença nem entre as dinamizações e entre as vias SC e oral para analgesia de gatas submetidas à OSH.

INSTABILIDADE ATLANTOAXIAL EM CÃES: FISIOPATOLOGIA, ABORDAGENS CLÍNICO-CIRÚRGICAS E PROGNÓSTICO

A instabilidade da articulação atlantoaxial é uma afecção comum entre cães de raça de pequeno porte, e os sinais clínicos desenvolvem-se com menos de dois anos de idade, geralmente são progressivos e o paciente apresenta hiperestesia cervical, ataxia proprioceptiva, e em casos severos tetraplegia. A instabilidade pode gerar subluxação dorsal do axis em relação ao atlas, levando a uma lesão medular em diferentes níveis. Alterações congênitas, como ausência ou hipoplasia do processo odontóide e ligamentos, ou traumáticas, como fraturas do processo odontóide e ruptura dos ligamentos estão envolvidas na fisiopatologia da afecção. O diagnóstico pode ser realizado com auxílio de radiografias lateral e ventrodorsal com a região craniocervical em posição neutra. O tratamento clínico é a escolha primária e faz-se o uso de colar cervical por três meses, confinamento e corticosteróides. Exceção a este tratamento são pacientes  com apresentação clínica severa ou refratários ao tratamento conservativo, nestes casos indica-se a cirurgia para estabilização através de abordagens ventrais ou dorsais. Observou-se que as técnicas cirúrgicas ventrais apresentam maiores índices de sucesso e menores recorrências de recidivas, contudo, as estabilizações cirúrgicas continuam a ser um desafio pela elevada taxa de complicações e óbitos transoperatórios.

INSTABILIDADE ATLANTOAXIAL EM CÃES: FISIOPATOLOGIA, ABORDAGENS CLÍNICO-CIRÚRGICAS E PROGNÓSTICO

A instabilidade da articulação atlantoaxial é uma afecção comum entre cães de raça de pequeno porte, e os sinais clínicos desenvolvem-se com menos de dois anos de idade, geralmente são progressivos e o paciente apresenta hiperestesia cervical, ataxia proprioceptiva, e em casos severos tetraplegia. A instabilidade pode gerar subluxação dorsal do axis em relação ao atlas, levando a uma lesão medular em diferentes níveis. Alterações congênitas, como ausência ou hipoplasia do processo odontóide e ligamentos, ou traumáticas, como fraturas do processo odontóide e ruptura dos ligamentos estão envolvidas na fisiopatologia da afecção. O diagnóstico pode ser realizado com auxílio de radiografias lateral e ventrodorsal com a região craniocervical em posição neutra. O tratamento clínico é a escolha primária e faz-se o uso de colar cervical por três meses, confinamento e corticosteróides. Exceção a este tratamento são pacientes  com apresentação clínica severa ou refratários ao tratamento conservativo, nestes casos indica-se a cirurgia para estabilização através de abordagens ventrais ou dorsais. Observou-se que as técnicas cirúrgicas ventrais apresentam maiores índices de sucesso e menores recorrências de recidivas, contudo, as estabilizações cirúrgicas continuam a ser um desafio pela elevada taxa de complicações e óbitos transoperatórios.

ARTROPLASTIA TOTAL NÃO CIMENTADA DA ARTICULAÇÃO COXOFEMORAL EM CÃES

A artroplastia total da articulação coxofemoral é uma opção amplamente aceita no tratamento cirúrgico para displasia coxofemoral grave e outras causas de dor ou disfunção da articulação coxofemoral em cães. A artroplastia não cimentada foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de eliminar as limitações de durabilidade do sistema cimentado. A técnica baseia-se no conceito de fixação biológica e consiste na substituição da articulação coxofemoral com componentes acetabular e femoral, os quais são inicialmente encaixados por pressão em leitos preparados precisamente, de forma a promover estabilidade até a osteointegração completa do implante. O sucesso do procedimento envolve o paciente, a conformação e qualidade do implante e a precisão da elaborada técnica cirúrgica. Os índices de complicação são baixos, especialmente quando comparados aos do procedimento cimentado. Portanto, uma série de considerações e cuidados deve ser tomada para obterem-se resultados correspondentes com a alta taxa de sucesso da técnica. Objetiva-se com o presente trabalho apresentar uma revisão da literatura disponível sobre a utilização das próteses não cimentadas da articulação coxofemoral em cães. Esta técnica mostra-se efetiva no tratamento das disfunções graves da articulação coxofemoral com vantagens significativas quando comparada aos métodos anteriormente descritos.

AVALIAÇÃO DO EXTRATO HIDROALCOÓLICO DE Ximenia americana NO PROCESSO CICATRICIAL DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS EXPERIMENTAIS EM CAPRINOS

Foram utilizados seis caprinos adultos da raça Moxotó, objetivando-se estudar os aspectos morfológicos e histopatológicos do processo cicatricial de feridas cutâneas por segunda intenção. Foram compostos dois grupos experimentais, um constituído pelas feridas cutâneas tratadas com solução de NaCl a 0,9% (grupo controle) e o outro formado pelas feridas tratadas com a pomada de Ximenia americana (grupo tratamento). As lesões foram tratadas diariamente, observando-se a evolução de cada ferida quanto à retração centrípeta (7º, 14º, 21º e 28º dias de pós-operatório - DPO) e aspecto macroscópico (1º, 2º, 4º, 6º, 7º, 14º, 21º e 28º DPO). Para avaliação histológica do processo cicatricial, foram realizadas biopsias aos 7º, 14º, 21º e 28º DPO. Cada fragmento foi avaliado quanto à intensidade da reação inflamatória, à presença de tecido de granulação caracterizado pela fibroblasia e neovascularização, ao aspecto das fibras colágenas e ao grau de reepitelização. Finalizado o experimento, a análise estatística revelou poucas variações significativas no estudo comparativo entre os tratamentos. Concluiu-se que a X. americana quando usada como forma de pomada utilizando gordura vegetal como veículo, não estimula o processo cicatricial.

Retrospective study of 180 dysplastic dogs admitted at the veterinary teaching hospital, unesp-botucatu

Hip dysplasia (HD) is one of the most important canine orthopedic disease because of its high occurrence and severe consequences in the quality of life of many dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiologically and statistically 180 dysplastic dogs attended at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sao Paulo State University, in a five year period. It was correlated the severity of clinical signs and the HD from radiographs of 120 animals. Sex, body weight and age of animal at time of diagnosis were not a risk factor for severity of HD or clinical signs. More than 50% of the Rottweillers, German Shepherds, Labradors Retrievers and Pit Bulls presented with severe HD. Mean body weight of dogs with severe HD was 34.31kg.  From 180 evaluated dogs, 22.22% had osteoarthritis at time of diagnosis. Around 45% of pure breed dogs presented with severe HD versus 27.27% of mix breed dog. A total of 42.11% of clinically asymptomatic dogs had severe radiographic signs of HD. There was no significant correlation between the severity of clinical signs and radiographic lesions

Osteomielite Fúngica em Fratura de Tíbia de Cão. Relato de Caso

Objetiva-se descrever o caso de um cão SRD atendido no Hospital Veterinário Governador Laudo Natel, Jaboticabal-SP, com histórico de fratura aberta de tíbia. Após insucesso de sucessivos tratamentos clínicos e cirúrgicos, realizou-se diagnóstico terapêutico de infecção fúngica, constatadas pela observação de melhora clínica e radiográfica após administração de itraconazol (20mg/kg/SID). Assim, na presença de união retardada ou não união óssea após fratura aberta, a osteomielite fúngica deve ser considerada.

Surgical treatment of lumbar extradural chondroma in a dog - case report / Tratamento cirúrgico de condroma extradural lombar em cão - relato de caso

Neoplasms originating in the spinal canal are uncommon in small animal veterinary clinic, but when present can cause significant neurological signs. Anatomically, these neoplasms can be classified as extradural, intradural-extramedullary and medullary. Extradural neoplasms are located outside the dura mater, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord. The chondromas are benign neoplasms characterized by the formation of cartilage and is rarely located in the spinal canal in both human and veterinary medicine. We describe a case of lumbar extradural chondroma in a dog that surgical decompression and removal of the mass allowed the resolution of clinical signs of paralysis with return of function of the hind limbs of the patient.

As neoplasias com origem no canal medular são infrequentes na clínica veterinária de pequenos animais, porém quando presentes podem causar sinais neurológicos importantes. Anatomicamente estas neoplasias podem ser classificadas em extradural, intradural-extramedular e medular. As neoplasias extradurais estão localizadas fora da dura-máter, porém podem causar compressão da medula. Os condromas são neoplasias benignas, caracterizadas pela formação de tecido cartilaginoso sendo rara a sua localização no canal medular tanto em medicina humana como na medicina veterinária. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever um caso de condroma extradural lombar em cão em que a descompressão cirúrgica e retirada da massa permitiu a resolução dos sinais clínicos de paralisia com retorno da função dos membros pélvicos do paciente.

AVALIAÇÃO DO EXTRATO HIDROALCOÓLICO DE Ximenia americana NO PROCESSO CICATRICIAL DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS EXPERIMENTAIS EM CAPRINOS

Foram utilizados seis caprinos adultos da raça Moxotó, objetivando-se estudar os aspectos morfológicos e histopatológicos do processo cicatricial de feridas cutâneas por segunda intenção. Foram compostos dois grupos experimentais, um constituído pelas feridas cutâneas tratadas com solução de NaCl a 0,9% (grupo controle) e o outro formado pelas feridas tratadas com a pomada de Ximenia americana (grupo tratamento). As lesões foram tratadas diariamente, observando-se a evolução de cada ferida quanto à retração centrípeta (7º, 14º, 21º e 28º dias de pós-operatório - DPO) e aspecto macroscópico (1º, 2º, 4º, 6º, 7º, 14º, 21º e 28º DPO). Para avaliação histológica do processo cicatricial, foram realizadas biopsias aos 7º, 14º, 21º e 28º DPO. Cada fragmento foi avaliado quanto à intensidade da reação inflamatória, à presença de tecido de granulação caracterizado pela fibroblasia e neovascularização, ao aspecto das fibras colágenas e ao grau de reepitelização. Finalizado o experimento, a análise estatística revelou poucas variações significativas no estudo comparativo entre os tratamentos. Concluiu-se que a X. americana quando usada como forma de pomada utilizando gordura vegetal como veículo, não estimula o processo cicatricial.

RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 180 DYSPLASTIC DOGS ADMITTED AT THE VETERINARY TEACHING HOSPITAL, UNESP-BOTUCATU

Hip dysplasia (HD) is one of the most important canine orthopedic disease because of its high occurrence and severe consequences in the quality of life of many dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiologically and statistically 180 dysplastic dogs attended at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sao Paulo State University, in a five year period. It was correlated the severity of clinical signs and the HD from radiographs of 120 animals. Sex, body weight and age of animal at time of diagnosis were not a risk factor for severity of HD or clinical signs. More than 50% of the Rottweillers, German Shepherds, Labradors Retrievers and Pit Bulls presented with severe HD. Mean body weight of dogs with severe HD was 34.31kg.  From 180 evaluated dogs, 22.22% had osteoarthritis at time of diagnosis. Around 45% of pure breed dogs presented with severe HD versus 27.27% of mix breed dog. A total of 42.11% of clinically asymptomatic dogs had severe radiographic signs of HD. There was no significant correlation between the severity of clinical signs and radiographic lesions

AVALIAÇÃO DO EXTRATO HIDROALCOÓLICO DE Ximenia americana NO PROCESSO CICATRICIAL DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS EXPERIMENTAIS EM CAPRINOS

Foram utilizados seis caprinos adultos da raça Moxotó, objetivando-se estudar os aspectos morfológicos e histopatológicos do processo cicatricial de feridas cutâneas por segunda intenção. Foram compostos dois grupos experimentais, um constituído pelas feridas cutâneas tratadas com solução de NaCl a 0,9% (grupo controle) e o outro formado pelas feridas tratadas com a pomada de Ximenia americana (grupo tratamento). As lesões foram tratadas diariamente, observando-se a evolução de cada ferida quanto à retração centrípeta (7º, 14º, 21º e 28º dias de pós-operatório - DPO) e aspecto macroscópico (1º, 2º, 4º, 6º, 7º, 14º, 21º e 28º DPO). Para avaliação histológica do processo cicatricial, foram realizadas biopsias aos 7º, 14º, 21º e 28º DPO. Cada fragmento foi avaliado quanto à intensidade da reação inflamatória, à presença de tecido de granulação caracterizado pela fibroblasia e neovascularização, ao aspecto das fibras colágenas e ao grau de reepitelização. Finalizado o experimento, a análise estatística revelou poucas variações significativas no estudo comparativo entre os tratamentos. Concluiu-se que a X. americana quando usada como forma de pomada utilizando gordura vegetal como veículo, não estimula o processo cicatricial.

Osteomielite Fúngica em Fratura de Tíbia de Cão. Relato de Caso

Objetiva-se descrever o caso de um cão SRD atendido no Hospital Veterinário Governador Laudo Natel, Jaboticabal-SP, com histórico de fratura aberta de tíbia. Após insucesso de sucessivos tratamentos clínicos e cirúrgicos, realizou-se diagnóstico terapêutico de infecção fúngica, constatadas pela observação de melhora clínica e radiográfica após administração de itraconazol (20mg/kg/SID). Assim, na presença de união retardada ou não união óssea após fratura aberta, a osteomielite fúngica deve ser considerada.

Avaliação clínica da denervação acetabular em cães com displasia coxofemoral atendidos no hospital veterinário da fmvz botucatu - sp

RESUMO Displasia coxofemoral é o desenvolvimento anormal da articulação coxofemoral caracterizada por diferentes graus de sub-luxação e doença articular degenerativa associada. Apesar dos inúmeros tratamentos descritos, nenhum é considerado ideal. A denervação acetabular refere-se a um procedimento cirúrgico utilizado no tratamento de cães displasicos e apresentando osteoartrose associada. No presente estudo foram avaliados 15 cães e obteve-se resposta favorável em 93,4% dos casos, com redução da dor e melhora na locomoção e qualidade de vida. Conclui-se portanto, tratar-se de uma técnica eficiente no tratamento da displasia coxofemoral sintomática em cães. Palavras-chave: cão; denervação acetabular; displasia coxofemoral CLINICAL EVALUATION OF ACETABULAR DENERVATION IN DOGS WITH HIP DYSPLASIA ATTENDED AT VETERINARY HOSPITAL OF FMVZ BOTUCATU SP ABSTRACT Hip dysplasia is an abnormal development of the hip joint characterized by sub or complete luxation of the femoral head in young patients and degenerative joint disease in mature dogs. Despite of several treatments reported there is no one considered ideal. Acetabular denervation is a surgical procedure for treating dogs with hip dysplasia and degenerative joint disease. Pain reduction and improvement of range of motion and quality of life was observed in 93,4% of the dogs. Acetabular denervation could be effe