RESUMO
Placental HIV infections frequently result in infected babies or miscarriage. Aberrant placental cytokine expression during HIV infections may facilitate transplacental viral transmission or pregnancy perturbation. The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cat is a model for HIV infections due to similarities in biology and clinical disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate placental immunomodulator expression and reproductive outcome using the FIV-infected cat model. Kittens were cesarean delivered from FIV-B-2542-infected and control queens near term; placental and fetal tissues were collected. Real-time RT-PCR was used to measure expression of representative placental Th1 cytokines, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a Th2 cytokine, IL-10, and chemokine receptor CXCR4. On average, control queens delivered 3.8 kittens/litter; 1 of 31 kittens (3.2%) was non-viable. FIV-infected queens produced 2.7 kittens/litter; 15 of 25 concepti (60%) were non-viable. FIV was detected in 14 of 15 placentas (93%) and 21 of 22 fetuses (95%) using PCR. Placental immunomodulator expression did not differ significantly when placentas from infected cats were compared to those of control cats. However, elevated expression of Th1 cytokines and increased Th1/Th2 ratios (IL-1beta/IL-10) occurred in placentas from resorptions. Therefore, increased placental Th1 cytokine expression was associated with pregnancy failure in the FIV-infected cat.
Assuntos
Perda do Embrião/imunologia , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida Felina/imunologia , Reabsorção do Feto/imunologia , Infecções por Lentivirus/imunologia , Placenta/imunologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/imunologia , Animais , Doenças do Gato , Gatos , Células Cultivadas , Citocinas/biossíntese , Citocinas/genética , DNA Viral , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Perda do Embrião/metabolismo , Perda do Embrião/virologia , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida Felina/metabolismo , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida Felina/transmissão , Feminino , Reabsorção do Feto/metabolismo , Reabsorção do Feto/virologia , Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina , Infecções por Lentivirus/metabolismo , Placenta/metabolismo , Placenta/virologia , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/metabolismo , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Organismos Livres de Patógenos EspecíficosRESUMO
The development of pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) in three patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is described. Two of the patients had onset of severe generalized cystic acne concomitant with their development of PRP. PRP and acne conglobata should be added to the group of cutaneous disorders that can present in a more virulent manner in the setting of HIV infection. The association of cystic acne with PRP and their response to treatment are discussed.
