Crown Fracture of an Unerupted Incisor in a Young Child: Case Report and Restorative Protocol.

Aim: This case report describes a protocol for restoring a crown fracture of an unerupted permanent incisor in a child. Background: Crown fractures are an important concern in pediatric dentistry due to the negative impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children and adolescents resulting from functional limitations as well as consequences related to social and emotional well-being. Case description: An enamel and dentin fracture of the crown of unerupted tooth 11 due to direct trauma is being presented in a 7-year-old girl. The restorative treatment involved minimally invasive dentistry, including computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology and direct resin restoration. Conclusion: The treatment decision was essential for maintaining pulp vitality and continued root development, as well as ensuring esthetic and functional results. Clinical significance: Crown fracture of an unerupted incisor may occur in childhood, requiring a long-term clinical and radiographic follow-up. Predictable, positive, and reliable esthetic outcomes can be achieved using CAD/CAM technology combined with adhesive protocols. How to cite this article: Kamanski D, Tavares JG, Weber JBB, et al. Crown Fracture of an Unerupted Incisor in a Young Child: Case Report and Restorative Protocol. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(5):636-641.

Histological and structural evaluation of growth hormone and PLGA incorporation in macroporous scaffold of α-tricalcium phosphate cement.

An in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of fibers of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid, PLGA) and poly(isoprene) blend and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in a macroporous scaffold of α-tricalcium phosphate cement (α-TCP) samples inserted into calvarial defects (8 mm in diameter) of 48 Wistar rats. The samples of α-TCP + PLGA/poly(isoprene) blend fibers were also submitted to a mechanical test of flexural strength. The animals of the different experimental groups [1] α-TCP (n = 6); [2] α-TCP + PLGA/poly(isoprene) blend fibers (n = 6); [3] α-TCP + rhGH, (n = 6) and [4] α-TCP + PLGA/poly(isoprene) blend fibers + rhGH, (n = 6) (the numbers within square brackets identify the experimental groups), after two weeks (subdivision "a") and four weeks (subdivision "b"), were euthanized and the implants removed for histological analysis. There was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between the samples with and without fibers in the mechanical test. Light microscopy revealed good integration of the material in the host tissue, represented by tissue penetration into the macropores and adequate angiogenesis. In the two-week period, the groups [3a] and [4a] were significantly superior (p < 0.05) to the other groups with regard to angiogenesis and bone neoformation. In the four-week period, the group [3b] was significantly superior (p < 0.05) to the other groups with regard to bone neoformation. We conclude that the macroporous α-TCP scaffold used in this study has low mechanical resistance, is biocompatible and has significantly improved the osteoconductive capacity when rhGH is incorporated into its structure.