RESUMO
PROBLEM: Is the medical model used to reify "pathological" gambling? METHODS: A qualitative field study of 12 subjects with the diagnosis "pathological" gambler. FINDINGS: None of the 12 subjects being treated for "pathological" gambling fit neatly in the category of "pathological" gambler. An examination of the treatment center revealed institutional grounds for the use of this diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Rather than a medical diagnosis, "pathological" gambling is a socially constructed phenomenon. Using the medical model serves clients interpersonally and clinicians occupationally.
Assuntos
Jogo de Azar/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais , Modelos Psicológicos , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Motivação , Pesquisa Metodológica em Enfermagem , Fatores Desencadeantes , Enfermagem Psiquiátrica , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The results from this study supported a bi-directional theory of addiction for a sample of Black, inner-city, working-class, male substance abusers. Using structural equations modeling, at 6 months posttreatment we found that (a) the reciprocal effect emotional and psychological distress and substance relapse had on one another existed within the context of their bi-directional relationship with social instability, and (b) effective coping skills and resources moderated the negative effects that emotional and psychological distress, social structure, and substance relapse had on one another. These findings led us to three suggestions treatment professionals can use to counteract recidivism.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/terapia , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano/psicologia , Seguimentos , Pessoas Mal Alojadas/psicologia , Humanos , Análise dos Mínimos Quadrados , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Psicológicos , Prognóstico , Teoria Psicológica , Recidiva , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/diagnóstico , Veteranos/psicologiaRESUMO
Compared with other populations with addictions, pathological gamblers have higher levels of negative affect and poor coping. A total of 154 formerly homeless veterans who misused substances were assessed six months after treatment to determine whether those with a gambling problem (N = 22) had more negative affect and poorer coping than those without a gambling problem and whether they were more likely to have unstable housing and employment. The veterans with a gambling problem had significantly higher levels of negative affect and poorer coping but did not differ from the other veterans in housing and employment stability.
