RESUMO
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor of the male urinary system and ranks the second in the causes of tumor-related deaths. Differential display code 3 (DD3) is a noncoding gene that is specifically expressed in PCa. High expression of sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) is closely related to tumorigenesis of PCa, and SPAG9 is a therapeutic target for PCa. In this study, a new oncolytic adenovirus DD3-ZD55-SPAG9 was constructed by using DD3 promoter to enhance the efficacy and safety of adenovirus. The combined use of DD3-ZD55-SPAG9 and docetaxel showed that DD3-ZD55-SPAG9 significantly improved the anti-tumor efficacy of docetaxel in PCa both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism was related to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell invasion. In conclusion, DD3-ZD55-SPAG9 combined with docetaxel is an effective strategy for PCa therapy.
RESUMO
Oncolytic adenovirus has been applied in cancer therapy because of several advantages such as cost-effective production, high transduction efficiency and low toxicity. Recent efforts have been focused on the modification of oncolytic adenovirus by encoding transgenes within the viral genome to efficiently and selectively replicate within cancer cells, destroy cancerous cells, induce tumor cell apoptosis, and stimulate the recruitment of immune cells to the tumor site. Nevertheless, there are still big challenges for translational research of oncolytic virotherapy in clinical cancer management. Therefore, here we summarize current status on the design and application of oncolytic adenovirus vectors for prostate cancer therapy. In particular, we describe the main receptors associated with the tropism and transduction of oncolytic adenovirus vectors, and propose new directions in future studies for prostate cancer virotherapy.
