Effective strategies in the management of anterior mandibular fractures: a comprehensive systematic review.

This review examines the prevailing modalities for fractures of the anterior mandible, which represent a significant proportion of the maxillofacial injuries commonly treated by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The article traces the historical shift from conservative techniques to the dominant management strategies of open reduction and fixation. Encompassing a range of studies, the review, in accordance with PRISMA 2020 recommendations, meticulously examines various fixation methods, assessing their efficacy in achieving stability of fracture, early healing, and mobilisation. The comparison of these methods highlights their unique advantages and limitations, and demonstrates the need for more nuanced and precise approaches. The review emphasises evidence-based methodology in the management of anterior mandibular fractures (AMF), highlighting the benefits offered by innovative techniques such as 3D miniplates. It also acknowledges the advantages provided by older fixation devices such as lag screws. The importance of postoperative outcomes and the need for tailored treatment strategies are recognised, considering the complex nature of these fractures.

Causes and incidence of maxillofacial injuries in India: 12-year retrospective study of 4437 patients in a tertiary hospital in Gujarat.

Maxillofacial injuries are unique because of the anatomical complexity of the area and their associated psychological effects. An understanding of the epidemiology of these injuries is important if we are to develop preventive measures, increase the efficiency and delivery of health services, improve the skills of healthcare providers, and better distribute resources. We retrospectively evaluated data on 4455 patients (aged between 3 and 84 years) who presented with maxillofacial injuries to a tertiary referral hospital in Ahmedabad, India, between 1 January 1999 and 31 January 2010. Of these, 18 needed only rest and medication so 4437 were included. Data included patients'characteristics and the cause of injury. Details on the presentation and severity of injury, associated injuries including head injuries, the influence of alcohol and other drugs, treatment, and outcome, were also included. Around one-third were aged between 21and 30 years, and the male to female ratio was 5:1. The main causes of injury were road traffic accidents (n=2347, 53%) and interpersonal violence (n=1041, 23%). Most road traffic accidents involved two-wheeled vehicles. Alcohol was associated with 11% of injuries. A total of 2546 patients (57%) had mandibular fractures. To reduce the number of injuries we need better road safety laws with stringent enforcement, and the public, particularly those between 15 and 45 years of age, must be educated about road safety.