Manganese and other micronutrient additions to improve yield of Agaricus bisporus.

Previous experiments have demonstrated that significant increases in yield of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms were achieved by adding a micronutrient rich fertilizer, Micromax, to the compost. This study was performed to determine the mineral(s) that are responsible for this yield improvement. An initial experiment determined that manganese was the mineral of primary importance; addition of 184 mg kg-1 Mn increased yield by 10.8%, compared to the control. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that the addition of manganese to the compost has a stimulatory effect on mushroom yields. Significant yield increases, ranging from 9.6% to 11.8% (compared to the control), were observed as a result of manganese additions varying between 50 and 300 mg kg-1. Also, data from the last set of experiments indicated that Micromax additions always resulted in greater yields indicating that micronutrients in Micromax, in addition to manganese, may be responsible for increasing yields.

Reactions of the perfluoroalkyltriazapentadiene Ph2N3C2(C3F7)2H with acids, bases, and water.

Treatment of the bis(perfluoroalkyl)triazapentadiene PhN=C(C(3)F(7))-N=C(C(3)F(7))-NHPh, 2, with bases affords salts of the conjugate base. Alkylation of the Na(+) salt with CH(3)I yields PhN=C(C(3)F(7))-N=C(C(3)F(7))-NMePh. The crystal structure of [Bu(4)N][Ph(2)N(3)C(2)(C(3)F(7))(2)] demonstrates a twisted, zigzag geometry for the anion in the solid state, but in solution, it is conformationally unstable. Both compounds are stable in aqueous methanol, but hydrolysis occurs under acidic conditions. Protonation with CF(3)SO(3)H acid occurs at the sp(2) nitrogen to give [PhN-(H) HC(C(3)F(7))-C(C(3)F(7))-NHPh][CF(3)SO(3)]. Heating 2 in CF(3)SO(3)H produces 2,4-bis(heptafluoropropyl)-1,3-quinazoline.

Perfluoroalkyl-substituted triazapentadienes and their metal complexes.

Triazapentadienides, C(3)F(7)-C(=NR)-N=C(NHR)-C(3)F(7), result from the reaction of primary amines RNH(2) with the fluorinated imine C(3)F(7)-CF=N-C(4)F(9). The aniline derivative (R = Ph) is a weak monoprotic acid in dmso. Its conjugate base exhibits an extensive coordination chemistry. It acts as a bidentate ligand toward the molecular fragments Pd(C(3)H(5)), Rh(c-C(8)H(12)), Ir(c-C(8)H(12)), and Rh(CO)(2). The chelates [C(3)F(7)-C(NPh)-N-C(NPh)-C(3)F(7)](2)M, M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pd, were prepared. In the crystallographically characterized Co complex, the metal is 3d(7), S = (3)/(2) and tetrahedrally coordinated. Spin densities at carbon in the C(6)H(5) and C(3)F(7) groups were estimated from the (1)H and (19)F contact shifts. Spin delocalization onto phenyl sp(2) carbons is approximately 10 times greater than onto the fluorinated sp(3) carbons.