RESUMO
Resumen: OBJETIVO: Comparar la tasa de blastocistos euploides obtenida después de la estimulación ovárica en fase folicular con la fase lútea en un mismo ciclo menstrual en pacientes con deficiente respuesta ovárica. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio clínico, prospectivo y comparativo llevado a cabo en el Centro de Reproducción Arcos, Nascere, entre los meses de enero a julio de 2019. Se incluyeron pacientes con pobre respuesta ovárica según los criterios de Bologna y con indicación de PGT-A. Las estimulaciones en fase folicular y lútea se efectuaron con antagonista de la GnRH y FSHr/LHr (2:1) a partir del día 3 del ciclo y 5 días después de la primera recuperación de los ovocitos. Para completar el proceso de maduración ovocitaria se utilizaron análogos de GnRH, se tomó una biopsia de trofoectodermo en día 5-7. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 20 pacientes. Al comparar la fase folicular con la lútea la tasa de fertilización fue de 79% (IC95%: 29-46) vs 55% (IC95%: 34-53), la tasa de blastocistos 42% (IC95%: 19-44) vs 45% (IC95%: 24-55) y la tasa de blastocistos euploides 100% (IC95%: 44-53) vs 70% (IC95%: 38-46), respectivamente. Solo la tasa de recuperación de ovocitos en metafase II mostró diferencias significativas entre ambas fases 40% (IC95%: 18-37) vs 59% (IC95%: 31-59), p = 0.0333 en la fase folicular y lútea, respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La estimulación ovárica bifásica (folicular-lútea), en el mismo ciclo menstrual (DuoStim), resultó en mayor tasa de recuperación de ovocitos en metafase II durante la fase lútea. Sin embargo, las tasas de desarrollo embrionario a día 5-6 (blastocistos) y de embriones euploides fueron similares entre ambas fases.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Euploid blastocyst rate comparison between ovarian stimulation in follicular vs luteal phase performed in the same menstrual cycle in patients with poor ovarian response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical, prospective and comparative study conducted at Centro de Reproducción Arcos S.C., "Nascere", during january-july, 2019. Patients with PGT-A indication and poor ovarian response according to Bologna criteria were included. Under a short GnRH-antagonist protocol, stimulations, both in follicular and luteal phase were performed using rFSH/rLH (2:1) from day 3 of the cycle and 5 days after the first oocyte retrieval. In addition, ovulation trigger with an GnRH agonist was used, finally, on day 5-6 of embryo development, trophoctoctoderm biopsy was performed. RESULTS: In this study, 20 patients were included; when comparing follicular phase vs luteal phase, we found that fertilization rate was 79% (95%CI 29-46) vs 55% (95%CI 34-53), blastocysts rate was 42% (95%CI 19-44) vs 45% (95%CI 24-55) and euploid embryo rate was 100% (95%CI 44-53) vs 70% (95%CI 38-46). Only the oocyte recovery rate in metaphase II showed significant differences between both phases 40% (IC 95% 18-37) vs 59% (IC 95% 31-59), p=0.0333. CONCLUSION: Biphasic ovarian stimulation (follicular/ luteal) in the same menstrual cycle (DuoStim) resulted in a higher metaphase II ooctye recovery rate during the luteal phase in comparison with the follicular phase. However, the rates of blastocysts and euploid blastocysts were similar between both phases.
RESUMO
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of cells derived from bone marrow that represent 1% or less of the total hematopoietic cells of any lymphoid organ or of the total cell count of the blood or epithelia. Dendritic cells comprise a heterogeneous population of cells localized in different tissues where they act as sentinels continuously capturing antigens to present them to T cells. Dendritic cells are uniquely capable of attracting and activating naïve CD4⺠and CD8⺠T cells to initiate and modulate primary immune responses. They have the ability to coordinate tolerance or immunity depending on their activation status, which is why they are also considered as the orchestrating cells of the immune response. The purpose of this review is to provide a general overview of the current knowledge on ontogeny and subsets of human dendritic cells as well as their function and different biological roles.
