Physical fitness, cardiometabolic risk and heart rate recovery in Chilean children.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of physical fitness (PF) and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) with heart rate recovery time (ΔHRR) in Chilean school aged children. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 478 6-9 years old children participants. We measured weight, height and abdominal circumference. Fitness was measured using the 6MWT, grip strength and leap forward without impulse tests; PF z-scores were calculated. Heart rate (HR) was monitored and recorded during the 6MWT. ΔHRR was calculated as the difference between HR before and one minute after test; blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were measured. Waist circumference, CMR-z and HOMA were calculated. RESULTS: Absolute ΔHRR and CMR-z measures in normal weight children were lower than in obese children (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). In obese children, ΔHRR was also associated with grip strength/weight (r = -0.6, p < 0.01) and PF-z (r = -0.6, p = 0.04). Insulin and HOMA were significantly related to ΔHRR (r = 0.3, p < 0.001), especially in overweight and obese children. ΔHRR values were not associated with CMR-z. CONCLUSIONS: A significant relationship between ΔHRR with fitness and insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese school children was found. We consider that these results support the need to measure these variables in overweight and obese children, in order to strengthen the need for early prevention.

Identifying cultural representations of families and the health team to improve the management of severe malnutrition in childhood.

Severe childhood malnutrition is no longer a priority in Latin America, but mortality of hospitalized malnourished children continues to be high, especially in Bolivia. The objective of the present study was to identify cultural representations in mothers and in health personnel that might influence the relationship between the family and the provider's health care services, thus affecting the treatment of malnourished children. We applied a flexible qualitative model of cases and controls (mothers or caregivers of both under- and well-nourished children), and in addition, health personnel. Results were analyzed following semiotics of statements. Mothers and health professionals based their cultural representations on different conceptions of health. The mothers' mindset indicated that traditional Andean medicine and public health systems are complementary and not contradictory. Conversely, health personnel expressed a univocal vision, accepting only biomedicine. Furthermore, they also expressed a negative attitude toward mothers of severely malnourished children. Results should be considered to improve ongoing local health programs.

Fisura labio alvéolo palatina en Mendoza, 20 años de historia (1977-1997) / Cleft lip and palate in Mendoza, 20 years of history (1977-1997)

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los pacientes con FLAP, tratados ortodóncicamente por el equipo del Hospital Pediátrico de Mendoza desde 1977 a 1997. Ingresaron al protocolo 590 casos. Se registraron datos personales del paciente, número de orden de nacimiento, distribución geográfica, tipo de patología y cumplimiento de las distintas etapas del tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que las fisuras fueron más frecuentes en varones (54 por ciento vs. 46 por ciento; p=0,02); que ser el primer o segundo hijo aumenta la probabilidad de finalizar el tratamiento precoz (p=0,004), y que el tratamiento precoz aumenta la probabilidad del éxito terapéutico interceptivo (p menor 0,001). De acuerdo con los resultados sugerimos que se debe implementar un registro de denuncia obligatoria en los Ministerios de Salud de la República Argentina y enfatizar el control y el seguimiento odontológico de los pacientes durante las distintas etapas del tratamiento (AU)

Fisura labio alvéolo palatina en Mendoza, 20 años de historia (1977-1997) / Cleft lip and palate in Mendoza, 20 years of history (1977-1997)

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los pacientes con FLAP, tratados ortodóncicamente por el equipo del Hospital Pediátrico de Mendoza desde 1977 a 1997. Ingresaron al protocolo 590 casos. Se registraron datos personales del paciente, número de orden de nacimiento, distribución geográfica, tipo de patología y cumplimiento de las distintas etapas del tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que las fisuras fueron más frecuentes en varones (54 por ciento vs. 46 por ciento; p=0,02); que ser el primer o segundo hijo aumenta la probabilidad de finalizar el tratamiento precoz (p=0,004), y que el tratamiento precoz aumenta la probabilidad del éxito terapéutico interceptivo (p menor 0,001). De acuerdo con los resultados sugerimos que se debe implementar un registro de denuncia obligatoria en los Ministerios de Salud de la República Argentina y enfatizar el control y el seguimiento odontológico de los pacientes durante las distintas etapas del tratamiento