Increased blood CSF3R+ myeloid-derived suppressor cell is a predictor for breast cancer recurrence.

Early detection of cancer recurrence using specific biomarkers remains a clinically unmet need, although methodologies for monitoring tumor markers, cell-free DNA, and circulating tumor cells have been established for decades. Tumor recurrence develops in metastatic or dormant cancer cells under continuous immune surveillance. Alterations in the population and function of immune cells may contribute to cancer recurrence. Here, we utilized an animal model to imitate breast tumor recurrence after surgical resection and investigated the abundance and gene expression profiles of immune cells using NanoString analysis. Bioinformatic analysis of a published single-cell RNA sequencing database of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) was performed to identify common targets between the two studies. Identified biomarkers were validated using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) datasets. The inhibitory effect of MDSCs on T-cell proliferation was assessed in vitro. Our data demonstrated that the number of MDSCs significantly increased during recurrence. Comparison of our NanoString data with a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of MDSCs in another spontaneous breast cancer model identified colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (Csf3r)-positive MDSCs as a potential marker for predicting tumor relapse. We validated our findings using two previously published PBMC databases of patients with breast cancer with or without recurrence and confirmed the elevated MDSC gene signature and CSF3R expression in patients with tumor recurrence. 35 patients with breast cancer were also included in our study, that patients with higher levels of CSF3R had worse survival. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Csf3r + MDSCs exhibited enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and robust T-cell suppression ability. We conclude that an increase in CSF3R + MDSCs is a potential biomarker for early detection of tumor recurrence in patients with breast cancer.

Rejuvenation of Meropenem by Conjugation with Tilapia Piscidin-4 Peptide Targeting NDM-1 Escherichia coli.

Gram-negative pathogens that produce ß-lactamases pose a serious public health threat as they can render ß-lactam antibiotics inactive via hydrolysis. This action contributes to the waning effectiveness of clinical antibiotics and creates an urgent need for new antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibiting multimodal functions serve as a potential source in spite of a few limitations. Thus, the conjugation of conventional antibiotics with AMPs may be an effective strategy to leverage the advantages of each component. In this study, we conjugated meropenem to the AMP Tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) using a typical coupling reaction. The conjugate was characterized by using HPLC-MS, HR-MS, and MS-MS fragmentation analysis. It was then evaluated in terms of antibacterial potency, hemolysis, and cytotoxicity toward RAW264.7 and CCD-966SK cell lines. The conjugation of meropenem with TP4 significantly reduced the cytotoxicity compared to TP4. Conjugation of unprotected TP4 with meropenem resulted in cross-linking at the N-terminal and lysine sites. The structural activity relationship of the two isomers of the TP4-meropenem conjugate was investigated. Both the isomers showed notable antibacterial activities against NDM-1 Escherichia coli and reduced red blood cell hemolysis as compared to TP4. Lysine conjugate (TP4-K-Mero) showed lesser hemolysis than the N-terminal conjugate (TP4-N-Mero). Molecular modeling further revealed that the conjugates can bind to lipopolysaccharides and inhibit NDM-1 ß-lactamase. Together, these data show that conjugation of antibiotics with AMP can be a feasible approach to increase the therapeutic profile and effectively target multidrug-resistant pathogens. Furthermore, antibiotic conjugation at different AMP sites tends to show unique biological properties.

Implementation of shared decision-making about rooming-in: A before and after an audit of breastfeeding in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: The 24-h rooming-in policy is crucial to the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) for promoting breastfeeding. However, this policy may restrict maternal autonomy. In 2018, to integrate women's preferences into care decisions, Taiwan's Baby-Friendly certification included prenatal shared decision-making (SDM) for rooming-in. Prior to 2018, maternal knowledge, considerations, and intentions regarding rooming-in and the impact of prenatal SDM were unknown. METHODS: A retrospective electronic medical record cohort study was conducted in southern Taiwan. Data on healthy postpartum women eligible for rooming-in and breastfeeding for the years 2017 and 2019, reflecting the periods before and after prenatal SDM was introduced, were gathered. Maternal and newborn characteristics, maternal knowledge, considerations, and prenatal intentions for postpartum rooming-in and breastfeeding during hospitalization were collected. Additionally, data on actual postpartum rooming-in practices during hospitalization and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practices from birth to hospital discharge, to 1 month, and to 2 months postpartum were collected. Descriptive and non-parametric statistics were applied to analyze the data. RESULTS: A total of 621 women in 2017 and 311 women in 2019 were included. After prenatal SDM was introduced, the rooming-in rate during hospitalization fell from 42.2% in 2017 to 25.6% in 2019 (p < 0.001), and the EBF rate declined from 45.9% to 35.7% (p = 0.01). Additionally, the 1-month postpartum EBF rate decreased from 46.4% in 2017 (n = 571) to 44.3% in 2019 (n = 264), and the 2-month postpartum EBF rate dropped from 45.5% in 2017 (n = 591) to 40.2% (n = 308). According to the 2019 Patient Decision Aids responses (n = 236), women demonstrated limited understanding of rooming-in, with only 40.7% expressing an intention toward 24-h rooming-in. Women of older maternal age (p < 0.001), with a graduate degree (p = 0.02), full-time employment (p = 0.04), and concerns about rest disruption (p < 0.001), were more likely to prefer non-24-h rooming-in. CONCLUSIONS: Initiatives must promote prenatal SDM to enable healthcare providers to address misconceptions and tailor education, thereby increasing women's intention toward 24-h rooming-in and EBF. Future research should explore women's experiences and unmet needs at BFHI facilities to inform the construction of a baby- and mother-friendly environment.

ClinOleic Impairs ROS Production and Phagocytosis in M1 Macrophages Without Affecting M1 Differentiation.

Lipid emulsions are the primary source of calories and fatty acids that are used to provide essential energy and nutrients to patients suffering from severe intestinal failure and critical illness. However, their use has been linked to adverse effects on patient outcomes, notably affecting immune defenses and inflammatory responses. ClinOleic is a lipid emulsion containing a mixture of olive oil and soybean oil (80:20). The effect of ClinOleic on the differentiation of M1 macrophages remains unclear. In this study, we isolated human monocytes and added ClinOleic to differentiation culture media to investigate whether it affects monocyte polarization into M1 macrophages and macrophage functions, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and phagocytosis. ROS production was stimulated by live S. aureus and detected with L-012, a chemiluminescence emission agent. Phagocytic capacity was assayed using pHrodo™ Green S. aureus Bioparticles® Conjugate. We found that M1 cell morphology, surface markers (CD80 and CD86), and M1-associated cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) did not significantly change upon incubation with ClinOleic during M1 polarization. However, S. aureus-triggered ROS production was significantly lower in M1 macrophages differentiated with ClinOleic than in those not treated with ClinOleic. The inhibitory effect of ClinOleic on macrophage function also appeared in the phagocytosis assay. Taken together, these findings reveal that ClinOleic has a limited impact on the M1 differentiation phenotype but obviously reduces ROS production and phagocytosis.

Use of natural peptide TP4 as a food preservative prevents contamination by fungal pathogens.

Molecules of natural origin often possess useful biological activities. For instance, the natural peptide Tilapia Piscidin 4 (TP4) exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. In this study, we explored the potential application of TP4 as a food preservative, asking whether it can prevent spoilage due to microbial contamination. A preliminary in silico analysis indicated that TP4 should interact strongly with fungal cell membrane components. Hence, we tested the activity of TP4 toward Candida albicans within fruit juice and found that the addition of TP4 could abolish fungal growth. We further determined that the peptide acts via a membranolytic mechanism and displays concentration-dependent killing efficiency. In addition, we showed that TP4 inhibited growth of Rhizopus oryzae in whole fruit (tomato) samples. Based on these findings, we conclude that TP4 should be further evaluated as a potentially safe and green solution to prevent food spoilage.

A Bis-Cyclopentadienyl Ligand-Supported Di-Iron Trihydride Motif as a Synthon for Access to Heterobimetallic Trinuclear Complexes.

Herein, we report the synthesis of a flexible bis-cyclopentadienyl ligand L (the doubly deprotonated form of H2L (1,3-bis(2,4-di-tert-butylcyclopentadienyldimethylsilyl)benzene)), demonstrating its ability to stabilize a series of di-iron hydrido complexes. Notably, this ligand facilitates the isolation of an unprecedented anionic cyclopentadienyl ligand-supported di-iron trihydride complex, LFe2(µ-H)3Li(THF) (2), functioning as a synthon for the [Fe2(µ-H)3]- core and providing access to heterobimetallic complexes 4-6 with coinage metals.

Hypogonadism among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Taiwan: Prevalence and associated factors.

BACKGROUND: Male hypogonadism is not uncommon in people with HIV (PWH), with estimated prevalence ranging from 9% to 16%. Existing data are limited on the serum testosterone levels in PWH in Asian populations. METHODS: We enrolled HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and had been on stable antiretroviral therapy and MSM without HIV between February 2021 and November 2022. Serum free testosterone levels, sex hormone-binding globulins and other associated hormones were measured. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between serum free testosterone levels and clinical variables collected. RESULTS: A total of 447 MSM with HIV and 124 MSM without HIV were enrolled. Compared with MSM without HIV, MSM with HIV had a higher age (median, 41 versus 29.5 years) and prevalence of symptomatic hypogonadism (8.3% versus 1.6%). Among MSM who were aged <35 years, there were no significant differences in the serum free testosterone levels and prevalences of hypogonadism between the two groups. In multiple linear regression analysis, serum free testosterone level significantly decreased with advanced age (a decrease of 1.14 pg/mL per 1-year increase) and a higher body-mass index (BMI) (a decrease of 1.07 pg/mL per 1-kg/m2 increase), but was not associated with HIV serostatus. CONCLUSION: We found that MSM with HIV had a higher prevalence of symptomatic hypogonadism than MSM without HIV in Taiwan, which could be attributed to age difference. Serum free testosterone levels were negatively correlated with age and BMI, but did not show a significant correlation with HIV serostatus.

Uterine mesothelial cysts mimicking ovarian cysts in a primipara patient with a history of Cesarean section: A case report and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: We describe a rare case of uterine mesothelial cysts mimicking ovarian cysts in a primipara patient with a history of Cesarean section. CASE REPORT: A 39-year-old female patient with history of Cesarean section presented with dysmenorrhea. Sonography revealed that a hypoechoic and anechoic multicystic complex, which was located on the right side of the pelvic cavity, had infiltrated the adjacent posterior wall of the uterus, and it was preoperatively misdiagnosed as ovarian cysts with suspected endometrioma. Laparoscopic surgery revealed multiple cystic lesions filled with clear yellow fluid on the posterior uterine wall instead of the adnexa. Laparoscopic uterine cystectomy was performed, and the patient's recovery was uneventful. Pathohistological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the diagnosis of uterine mesothelial cysts. CONCLUSION: Uterine mesothelial cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pelvic lesions. Increasing the awareness of this rare disease can contribute to improved evaluation, decision-making, and disease management.

Ventral pallidum GABA and glutamate neurons drive approach and avoidance through distinct modulation of VTA cell types.

The ventral pallidum (VP) contains GABA and glutamate neurons projecting to ventral tegmental area (VTA) whose stimulation drives approach and avoidance, respectively. Yet little is known about the mechanisms by which VP cell types shape VTA activity and drive behavior. Here, we found that both VP GABA and glutamate neurons were activated during approach to reward or by delivery of an aversive stimulus. Stimulation of VP GABA neurons inhibited VTA GABA, but activated dopamine and glutamate neurons. Remarkably, stimulation-evoked activation was behavior-contingent such that VTA recruitment was inhibited when evoked by the subject's own action. Conversely, VP glutamate neurons activated VTA GABA, as well as dopamine and glutamate neurons, despite driving aversion. However, VP glutamate neurons evoked dopamine in aversion-associated ventromedial nucleus accumbens (NAc), but reduced dopamine release in reward-associated dorsomedial NAc. These findings show how heterogeneous VP projections to VTA can be engaged to shape approach and avoidance behaviors.

How should I approach and manage adult-onset oscillopsia?

Oscillopsia is the sensation of illusory movement within the visual percept leading to a degradation of visual functioning and quality of life. The constellation of conditions manifesting with oscillopsia marks the overlap between ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology. The purpose of this article is therefore to review the aetiologies of oscillopsia and provide pathways for investigation and treatment of processes that associate oscillopsia with intrusive ocular movement and for processes manifesting as oscillopsia in the absence of intrusive ocular movement. Points for referral are also included for the diagnoses that are more appropriately investigated and managed by allied medical specialties.

Mycoplasma genitalium infection and resistance-associated mutations to macrolides and fluoroquinolones among high-risk patients in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging etiology of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with increasing resistance to antimicrobials. Surveillance on the epidemiology of M. genitalium infection and antimicrobial resistance is warranted. METHODS: Between September 2021 and August 2023, people with HIV (PWH) and people without HIV (PWoH) at risk of STIs were screened for M. genitalium infection using a multiplex polymerase-chain-reaction assay of specimens collected from the rectum, urethra, oral cavity, and vagina. The prevalences of resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) of M. genitalium to fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and tetracycline were investigated. RESULTS: During the 2-year study period, 1021 participants were enrolled, including 531 PWH and 490 PWoH. Overall, 83 (8.1%) and 34 (7.6%) participants had M. genitalium infection at baseline and during follow-up, respectively, with the rectum being the most common site of detection (61.5%). With the first course of antimicrobial treatment, 27 of 63 (42.9%) participants with M. genitalium infection were cured during follow-up, including 24 of 58 (41.4%) who received doxycycline monotherapy. The prevalence of RAMs to macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines at baseline were 24.3%, 22.4%, and 7.9%, respectively. Though PWH had more M. genitalium infection (10.2% vs 5.9%, p = 0.01), a higher rate of RAMs to macrolides (41.0% vs 14.7%, p < 0.01) was found in PWoH. CONCLUSIONS: Among high-risk populations, the prevalence of M. genitalium infection was 8.1%. The overall genotypic resistance of M. genitalium to macrolides and fluoroquinolones was moderately high in Taiwan. Detection of M. genitalium infection and antimicrobial resistance is warranted to ensure resistance-guided antimicrobial treatments to be administered.

Peptidoglycan endopeptidase MepM of uropathogenic Escherichia coli contributes to competitive fitness during urinary tract infections.

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections, primarily caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), leading to significant health issues and economic burden. Although antibiotics have been effective in treating UPEC infections, the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains hinders their efficacy. Hence, identifying novel bacterial targets for new antimicrobial approaches is crucial. Bacterial factors required for maintaining the full virulence of UPEC are the potential target. MepM, an endopeptidase in E. coli, is involved in the biogenesis of peptidoglycan, a major structure of bacterial envelope. Given that the bacterial envelope confronts the hostile host environment during infections, MepM's function could be crucial for UPEC's virulence. This study aims to explore the role of MepM in UPEC pathogenesis. RESULTS: MepM deficiency significantly impacted UPEC's survival in urine and within macrophages. Moreover, the deficiency hindered the bacillary-to-filamentous shape switch which is known for aiding UPEC in evading phagocytosis during infections. Additionally, UPEC motility was downregulated due to MepM deficiency. As a result, the mepM mutant displayed notably reduced fitness in causing UTIs in the mouse model compared to wild-type UPEC. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence of the vital role of peptidoglycan endopeptidase MepM in UPEC's full virulence for causing UTIs. MepM's contribution to UPEC pathogenesis may stem from its critical role in maintaining the ability to resist urine- and immune cell-mediated killing, facilitating the morphological switch, and sustaining motility. Thus, MepM is a promising candidate target for novel antimicrobial strategies.

Proteomic Analysis of Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation to Investigate the Pathogenicity of Virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Avirulent Line Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 avrRpm1 on Arabidopsis thaliana.

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) is able to infect many economically important crops and thus causes substantial losses in the global agricultural economy. Pst DC3000 can be divided into virulent lines and avirulent lines. For instance, the pathogen effector avrRPM1 of avirulent line Pst-avrRpm1 (Pst DC3000 avrRpm1) can be recognized and detoxified by the plant. To further compare the pathogenicity mechanisms of virulent and avirulent Pst DC3000, a comprehensive analysis of the acetylome and succinylome in Arabidopsis thaliana was conducted following infection with virulent line Pst DC3000 and avirulent line Pst-avrRpm1. In this study, a total of 1625 acetylated proteins encompassing 3423 distinct acetylation sites were successfully identified. Additionally, 229 succinylated proteins with 527 unique succinylation sites were detected. A comparison of these modification profiles between plants infected with Pst DC3000 and Pst-avrRpm1 revealed significant differences. Specifically, modification sites demonstrated inconsistencies, with a variance of up to 10% compared to the control group. Moreover, lysine acetylation (Kac) and lysine succinylation (Ksu) displayed distinct preferences in their modification patterns. Lysine acetylation is observed to exhibit a tendency towards up-regulation in Arabidopsis infected with Pst-avrRpm1. Conversely, the disparity in the number of Ksu up-regulated and down-regulated sites was not as pronounced. Motif enrichment analysis disclosed that acetylation modification sequences are relatively conserved, and regions rich in polar acidic/basic and non-polar hydrophobic amino acids are hotspots for acetylation modifications. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially modified proteins are primarily enriched in the photosynthesis pathway, particularly in relation to light-capturing proteins. In conclusion, this study provides an insightful profile of the lysine acetylome and succinylome in A. thaliana infected with virulent and avirulent lines of Pst DC3000. Our findings revealed the potential impact of these post-translational modifications (PTMs) on the physiological functions of the host plant during pathogen infection. This study offers valuable insights into the complex interactions between plant pathogens and their hosts, laying the groundwork for future research on disease resistance and pathogenesis mechanisms.

Increasing Preterm Delivery and Small for Gestational Age Trends in South Carolina during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Preterm delivery (PTD) complications are a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. We aimed to assess trends in PTD and small for gestational age (SGA) and whether trends varied between race-ethnic groups in South Carolina (SC). We utilized 2015-2021 SC vital records linked to hospitalization and emergency department records. PTD was defined as clinically estimated gestation less than (<) 37 weeks (wks.) with subgroup analyses of PTD < 34 wks. and < 28 wks. SGA was defined as infants weighing below the 10th percentile for gestational age. This retrospective study included 338,532 (243,010 before the COVID-19 pandemic and 95,522 during the pandemic) live singleton births of gestational age ≥ 20 wks. born to 260,276 mothers in SC. Generalized estimating equations and a change-point during the first quarter of 2020 helped to assess trends. In unadjusted analyses, pre-pandemic PTD showed an increasing trend that continued during the pandemic (relative risk (RR) = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.06). PTD < 34 wks. rose during the pandemic (RR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12) with a significant change in the slope. Trends in SGA varied by race and ethnicity, increasing only in Hispanics (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04) before the pandemic. Our study reveals an increasing prevalence of PTD and a rise in PTD < 34 wks. during the pandemic, as well as an increasing prevalence of SGA in Hispanics during the study period.

Sexually transmitted coinfections among at-risk HIV-positive MSM: implications for optimal preemptive treatment.

Background: Concurrent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common in sexually active populations. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and coinfection rates of bacterial STIs among sexually active, HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), and to assess the potential benefits of different combination treatment regimens in managing concurrent bacterial STIs. Methods: From September 2021 to September 2023, HIV-positive MSM underwent STI testing when they had symptoms suggestive of STIs or recently acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or early syphilis. The oral rinse, rectal swab, and urethral swab specimens were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma spp., Ureaplasma spp., and Trichomonas vaginalis with the use of multiplex real-time polymerase-chain-reaction assays. The estimated coinfection rates were used to evaluate the benefits of different combination treatment regimens for managing coinfections. Results: During the study period, 535 participants (median age, 37 years; and CD4 count, 615 cells/mm3) were enrolled. On their first visits, at least one bacterial pathogen was detected in 57.9% and concomitant bacterial infections were found in 32.9% of the participants. The most commonly identified pathogen was U. urealyticum (36.3%), followed by C. trachomatis (22.8%), and N. gonorrhoeae (19.8%). The factors associated with any bacterial STIs included older age (per 1-year increase, adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-1.00), early syphilis (AOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.22-2.84), and having more than 5 sex partners in the preceding 3 months (AOR, 2.08, 95% CI, 1.07-4.06). A combination therapy of benzathine penicillin G with a 7-day course of doxycycline could simultaneously treat 27.1% of C. trachomatis coinfections in participants with early syphilis, while a combination therapy of ceftriaxone with doxycycline could simultaneously treat 40.6% of chlamydial coinfections in participants with gonorrhea. Conclusion: Bacterial STIs were prevalent and concomitant infections were not uncommon among sexually active, HIV-positive MSM, supporting regular screening for bacterial STIs. The effectiveness of preemptive use of doxycycline as combination therapy for concurrent STIs warrants more investigations.

Comparative analysis of sipeimine content, metabolome and chloroplast genome in cultivated and wild varieties of Fritillaria taipaiensis.

BACKGROUND: The wild variety Fritillaria taipaiensis E.B (EB) is known for its superior therapeutic effects, but its limited production cannot meet demand. As a result, the cultivated variety F. taipaiensis P. Y. Li (PY) has been widely grown. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis comparing EB and PY in terms of external features, sipeimine content, metabolome and chloroplast genome to differentiate these two varieties. RESULTS: Our research revealed that the petals and pods of EB are green, while those of PY have purple markings. The bulbs of EB contain significantly higher levels of sipeimine compared to those of PY. Metabolomic analysis identified 56 differentially expressed metabolites (DMs), with 23 upregulated and 33 downregulated in EB bulbs. Particularly, 3-hydroxycinnamic acid and secoxyloganin may serve as distinctive DMs. These DMs were associated with 17 KEGG pathways, including pyrimidine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and galactose metabolism. Differences in the length of the chloroplast genome were primarily observed in the large single-copy (LSC) region, with the largest variation in the trnH-GUC-psbA region. The placement of the trnH gene and the rps gene in proximity to the LSC/IRb boundary differs between EB and PY. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide valuable insights for the introduction and comprehensive development of wild F. taipaiensis from a scientific perspective. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Two-dimensional monolayer C5-10-16: a metallic carbon allotrope as an anode material for high-performance sodium/potassium-ion batteries.

Carbonaceous materials are promising candidates as anode materials for non-lithium-ion batteries (NLIBs) due to their appealing properties such as good electrical conductivity, low cost, and high safety. However, graphene, a classic two-dimensional (2D) carbon material, is chemically inert to most metal atoms, hindering its application as an electrode material for metal-ion batteries. Inspired by the unique geometry of a four-penta unit, we explore a metallic 2D carbon allotrope C5-10-16 composed of 5-10-16 carbon rings. The C5-10-16 monolayer is free from any imaginary frequencies in the whole Brillouin zone. Due to the introduction of a non-sp2 hybridization state into C5-10-16, the extended conjugation of π-electrons is disrupted, leading to the enhanced surface activity toward metal ions. We investigate the performance of C5-10-16 as the anode for sodium/potassium-ion batteries by using first-principles calculations. The C5-10-16 sheet has high theoretical specific capacities of Na (850.84 mA h g-1) and K (743.87 mA h g-1). Besides, C5-10-16 exhibits a moderate migration barrier of 0.63 (0.32) eV for Na (K), ensuring rapid charging/discharging processes. The average open-circuit voltages of Na and K are 0.33 and 0.62 V, respectively, which are within the voltage acceptance range of anode materials. The fully sodiated (potassiated) C5-10-16 shows tiny lattice expansions of 1.4% (1.3%), suggesting the good reversibility. Moreover, bilayer C5-10-16 significantly affects both the adsorption strength and the mobility of Na or K. All these results show that C5-10-16 could be used as a promising anode material for NLIBs.