Reducing baseline toxicity in fishery product-related sediments from land to sea: Region-specific solutions are required.

Eastern China is a major producer of fishery products (including inland aquaculture, coastal mariculture, and coastal fishing products). The quality of the products is affected by hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in the sediments. Based on in-vitro luminescent bacterial assay, the baseline toxicity (BEQBio) of 56 common HOCs were assessed in the present study. Specifically, the BEQBio of sediments declined from land (31-400 mg/kg) to sea (9.1-270 mg/kg). However, the toxicity contribution explained by the HOCs increased gradually from land (0.70 %) to sea (10 %) using Iceberg Modeling. In the inland pond, current use HOCs (pyrethroid pesticide (PEs), organic tin (OTCs), and antibiotic) exhibited considerable concentrations, although their toxicity contribution was very small (0.076 %), thus more regulations on the use of HOCs should be proposed and further screening is needed to confirm the major toxicants. In coastal mariculture area, the toxicity contribution of current use HOCs further declined (0.010 %), whereas environmental background HOCs, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), became increasingly significant, with the contribution ratio increasing from 0.37 % to 2.4 %. To minimize the negative impacts of PAHs, optimization of energy structure in transportation and coastal industry is required. In the coastal fishing area, the phased-out persistent organic pollutants (POPs) remained a major concern, in terms of both concentration and toxicity contribution. The phased-out POPs explained 7.0 % of the toxic effects of the sediments from the coastal fishing area, due to historical residue, industrial emissions, and their high toxicities. For this reason, it is critical to improve the relevant emission regulations and standards, so as to eventually reduce the unintentional discharges of POPs.

The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain elicits a potent neutralizing response without antibody-dependent enhancement

The SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein mediates entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells expressing the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S protein engages ACE2 through its receptor-binding domain (RBD), an independently folded 197-amino acid fragment of the 1273-amino acid S-protein protomer. Antibodies to the RBD domain of SARS-CoV (SARS-CoV-1), a closely related coronavirus which emerged in 2002-2003, have been shown to potently neutralize SARS-CoV-1 S-protein-mediated entry, and the presence of anti-RBD antibodies correlates with neutralization in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent sera. Here we show that immunization with the SARS-CoV-2 RBD elicits a robust neutralizing antibody response in rodents, comparable to 100 {micro}g/ml of ACE2-Ig, a potent SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitor. Importantly, anti-sera from immunized animals did not mediate antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of S-protein-mediated entry under conditions in which Zika virus ADE was readily observed. These data suggest that an RBD-based vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 could be safe and effective.

Nursing effect of central venous catheter combined with empathy nursing on AIDS patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the nursing effect of central venous catheter (CVC) infusion combined with empathy nursing on AIDS patients.Methods:A total of 129 AIDS patients who were hospitalized for infusion at Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the control group. Another 129 AIDS patients from August 2016 to August 2018 were selected as the observation group. The control group was given ordinary infusion needle infusion and conventional psychological nursing, and the observation group was given CVC infusion combined with empathic nursing. The clinical nursing effect of the two groups of patients was analyzed.Results:The infusion fluency rate, vascular damage rate, nurse puncture rate, and occupational exposure rate in the observation group were 91.47% (118/129), 10.85% (14/129), 0, 0, and the control group was 82.94% (107/129), 20.93% (27/129), 6.20% (8/129), 6.20% (8/129), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ 2 values were 4.188-8.224, P <0.05 or 0.01). After 3 months of intervention, the anxiety and depression (Self-rating Anxiely Scale/Self-rating Depression Scale) scores of the observation group were 47.87 ± 5.43 and 45.02 ± 5.61, which were significantly lower than the control group, which were 51.15 ±6.97 and 49.11 ± 6.48. The difference was statistically significant ( t values were 3.320, 4.268, P <0.01). After 3 months of intervention, the treatment compliance rate in the observation group was 92.24% (119/129), which was significantly higher than 83.72% (108/129) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 4.419, P <0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the CD 4+ T lymph count and HIV viral load in the observation group were (378.25 ± 49.04)/μl, (2.86 ± 0.53) igIU/ml, and the control group were (342.17 ± 43.47)/μl, (3.13 ± 0.66) igIU/ml, the improvement effect of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group ( t values were 3.559, 2.853, P <0.01). Conclusion:CVC infusion combined with empathic nursing can significantly improve the anxiety and depression of AIDS patients, improve treatment compliance and infusion fluency, reduce vascular damage rate, related infection rate, nurse puncture rate and occupational exposure rate, and good nursing effect.

Research progress of thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

The prevalence of thyroid nodules in population is increasing around the world.To categorize thyroid nodules and stratify their malignant risk, thyroid imaging reporting and data system(TIRADS)was developed 6 years ago based on US , which is similar to breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS). This paper aims at summarizing the particular content of kinds of TIRADS proposed by different researcher, clinic value of the application of TIRADS, the research status of TIRADS application, as well as the prospect of TIRADS based on CT and MRI.

The latest development of the localization for noninvasive monitoring capsule in gastrointestinal tract / 生物医学工程学杂志

The work of research and development of noninvasive monitoring system for human GI (gastrointestinal tract) has been very successful all over the world, and without questions, the system as such will extensively be applied in the future. However, the method for localization of the monitoring capsule in the system is not perfect. This paper reports the status quo of the research process for the capsule localization system, and analyzes their advantages and defects.

Localization system for electrical capsule based on permanent magnetic field / 生物医学工程学杂志

Localization system was designed based on analytic equation of permanent magnetic field to localize the swallowing electrical capsule in the gastrointestinal. Algorithm was presented and experiment was made. Two three-axis magnetism sensors were mounted in the capsule. The non linear equations set of sensor's output and capsule's position and attitude was created according to space position and attitude relationship model. The equations set was resolved with numerical method. Comparison between the calculation value and expected value showed that this method was feasible.

Telemetric Localization of Detecting Capsule in Gastrointestinal Tract / 航天医学与医学工程

Objective To develop a method for localizing a detecting capsule in the gastrointestinal tract.Methods A three-axis magnetic sensor was sealed in the detecting capsule.Three flat coils were fixed on patients' back.The coils were excited one by one to generate electromagnetic fields.The position and the orientation of the capsule could be determined by telemetering the signals from the magnetic sensor incorporated in the capsule.Results The telemetric localization system worked successfully.A localization model describing the relationship between the magnetic field strength and the position and orientation of the capsule,was correctly established basing on the principle of magnetic dipoles,and neural network algorithm was employed to solve a non-linear equation set.Conclusion The results showed that the localization method is feasible and the precision is higher than existing methods.The localization device can perform consecutive tracking and can be made into a portable type.After putting into practice,the device can also be used in food selection for astronauts by monitoring their gastrointestinal parameters in space.