Correlation of OCA2 gene rs4778137 single nucleotide polymorphism with the prognosis of early breast cancer patients receiving epirubicin-based regimen chemotherapy / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the correlation of OCA2 gene rs4778137 single nucleotide polymorphism with the prognosis of early breast cancer patients receiving epirubicin-based regimen chemotherapy.Methods:The data of 152 patients with early breast cancer who received epirubicin combined with cyclophosphamide and docetaxel (EC-T regimen) chemotherapy in the First People's Hospital of Ziyang from April 2010 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. OCA2 gene rs4778137 single nucleotide polymorphism of peripheral venous blood before chemotherapy was detected. The follow-up was up to April 2017, recurrence and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. DFS of patients with different rs4778137 locus genotype in patients with different estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) expressions, human epithelial factor receptor 2 (HER2) expressions and Ki-67 positive index were analyzed.Results:The median follow-up time was 60 months (28-80 months). There were 2 cases of lost follow-up and 26 cases of recurrence. Among 150 patients with follow-up results, 68 cases (45.33%) of rs4778137 genotype were CC genotype, 47 cases (31.33%) of GC genotype and 35 cases (23.33%) of GG genotype. There were significant differences in N staging, HER2 expression and ER/PR expression among patients with or without recurrence ( χ2 value was 5.79, 6.08 and 6.05; P value was 0.016, 0.014 and 0.014, respectively). The 5-year DFS rate of 150 breast cancer patients was 82.2%, and there was no significant difference in DFS among patients with different rs4778137 locus genotype ( χ2 = 2.35, P = 0.167). Cox regression analysis showed that N staging and ER/PR expression were independent influencing factors of DFS in breast cancer patients (all P < 0.05). Among 71 ER/PR-negative patients, there was a statistically significant difference in DFS of patients with different rs4778137 locus genotype ( χ2 = 6.52, P = 0.030). Among 79 ER/PR-positive patients, 60 HER2-positive patients and 90 HER2-negative patients, 118 cases with Ki-67 positive index >14% and 32 cases with Ki-67 positive index≤14%, there were no statistically significant differences in DFS of patients with different rs4778137 locus genotype (all P > 0.05). Conclusions:The DFS of ER/PR-negative patients with early breast cancer who received epirubicin-based regimen chemotherapy is correlated with OCA2 gene rs4778137 single nucleotide polymorphism. Patients with GG genotype at rs4778137 locus have better prognosis.

Analysis of characteristics and influencing factors of cervical lymph node skip metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of the patients with cervical lymph node skip metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), as to guide the precise treatment of lateral area.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 237 patients with PTC initially diagnosed and treated in Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University from Feb 2014 to Mar 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, there were 217 positive in the central area, and 20 negative, with skip rate 8.4%. The age, sex, pathological type, glandular lobe involvement, tumor size, number of tumor lesions, primary lesion location, and capsule invasion were statistically compared. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. The measurement data of non normal distribution are expressed by M( Q1, Q3), and the Mann Whitney U test is used for comparison between groups. Comparison between groups of count data was conducted using the chi-square test, correction chi-square or Fisher exact probability. Results:Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥ 55 years old( OR: 6.032, 95% CI: 1.692-21.504, P=0.006), female( OR: 23.459, 95% CI: 2.181-252.341, P=0.009), tumor ≤5 mm( OR: 79.453, 95% CI: 7.570-833.891, P<0.001)and located in the upper lobe( OR: 3.446, 95% CI: 1.325-8.962, P=0.011) were independent risk factors for skip metastasis. The patients with skip metastasis had a smaller total number of cervical lymph node metastases( Z=-2.81, P=0.005), smaller total number of neck dissection lymph nodes( Z=-6.62, P<0.001) and less lymph nodes metastases in level Ⅳ( Z=-2.54, P=0.011) than patients with non-skip metastasis. Conclusions:Skip metastasis often occurred with age ≥55 years, female, tumor size less than 5mm and located in the upper lobe. For these patients, careful evaluation for the lateral area is required.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Exhaled Breath from COVID-19 Patients Ready for Hospital Discharge

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought an unprecedented crisis to the global health sector1. When recovering COVID-19 patients are discharged in accordance with throat or nasal swab protocols using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the potential risk of re-introducing the infection source to humans and the environment must be resolved2,3,4. Here we show that 20% of COVID-19 patients, who were ready for a hospital discharge based on current guidelines, had SARS-CoV-2 in their exhaled breath ([~]105 RNA copies/m3). They were estimated to emit about 1400 RNA copies into the air per minute. Although fewer surface swabs (1.3%, N=318) tested positive, medical equipment frequently contacted by healthcare workers and the work shift floor were contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 in four hospitals in Wuhan. All air samples (N=44) appeared negative likely due to the dilution or inactivation through natural ventilation (1.6-3.3 m/s) and applied disinfection. Despite the low risk of cross environmental contamination in the studied hospitals, there is a critical need for strengthening the hospital discharge standards in preventing re-emergence of COVID-19 spread.

Chromophoric dissolved organic matter influence correction of algal concentration measurements using three-dimensional fluorescence spectra.

In view of the adverse effects of CDOM (chromophoric or colored dissolved organic matter) on in vivo algal pigment concentration measurements in natural water bodies, a CDOM influence correction method for algal concentration measurements based on three-dimensional fluorescence spectra is investigated. The three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of five common species of algae belonging to five categories, HA (humic acid), and natural water sampled from the Dongpu reservoir, Hefei were analyzed, and the spectral similarity of endogenous/exogenous CDOM in the algal fluorescence spectra region was compared. HA was selected to represent the CDOM spectrum group. The CDOM modified algal pigment concentration measurement method was developed using three-dimensional fluorescence spectra coupled with non-negative weighted least squares linear regression analysis. The results show that under the presence of CDOM interference factors, the recognition accuracy rate of Pyrrophyta, Bacillariophyta, Cyanophyta, and Chlorophyta increased 100%, 100%, 40%, and 40%, respectively. The average recovery rate of Cryptomonas, Pyrrophyta, Bacillariophyta, and Chlorophyta increased 162.7%, 50.3%, 106.4%, and 19.1%, respectively. In addition, the classification accuracy of Pyrrophyta, Bacillariophyta, Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta increased 83.9%, 100%, 38.2%, and 48%, respectively. This was concluded by comparing these results with the results of the algal pigment concentration measurement method without the CDOM modification. This study provides an experimental basis for the development of accurate phytoplankton fluorescence classification monitoring technology.

Primary closure versus T-tube drainage following laparoscopic common bile duct exploration in acute cholangitis cases / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of primary closure versus T-tube drainage after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration in acute cholangitis cases.Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with acute cholangitis undergoing laparoscopic common bile duct exploration from January 2012 to December 2014 were reviewed.54patients received primary closure of the common bile duct and 46 patients were subjected to T-tube drainage after choledochotomy.Results One hundred patients underwent the surgery successfully.Compared with the T-tube group,the operation time(96.72 min vs 123.00 min,P =0.001),intraoperative blood loss(27.13 ml vs 38.48 ml,P =0.009),postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery time(1.57 d vs 2.33 d,P=0.003) and postoperative hospital stay(6.19 d vs 9.20 d,P=0.000) were significantly less in the primary closure group.There were no statistical differences in the incidence of postoperative drainage (309.22 ml vs 212.46 ml,P =0.070),drainage time (3.96 d vs 4.02 d,P =0.875),incidence of bile leakage(9.3％ vs 0,P =0.060) and postoperative bleeding rate(5.1％ vs 2.2％,P =0.622) between these two groups.Conclusion Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary closure of the common bile duct is an effective and safe procedure in acute cholangitis cases compared with T-tube drainage.

Measurements of resting energy expenditure in surgical critically ill patients with mechanical ventilator / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To compare the differences between measured resting energy expenditure calculated by the indirect calorimetry with the resting energy expenditure calculated by the Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula in the mechanically ventilated surgical critically ill patients in SICU.Methods Patients mechanically ventilated in SICU of Xuanwu Hospital,from April 2014 to April 2015 were measured resting energy expenditure by the indirect calorimetry with the resting energy expenditure calculated by the Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula in the 1st,the 3rd and the 5th day.There were twenty-nine patients enrolled,thirteen males and sixteen females,measured the resting energy expenditure 188 times.The distribution of metabolism level was studied,and the resting energy expenditure measured by three methods were calculated and evaluated by paired sample t test.Results There were 177 times(62.24％)of low metabolism level,59 times(31.38％)of normal metabolism level,and 12 times(6.38％)of high metabolism level.Eighteen patients used these three methods to calculate the energy expenditure on 1st,3rd and 5th day:indirect calorimetry (1 627.11 ± 323.63) kcal,(1 614.67± 308.93) kcal,(1 576.11 ± 263.96) kcal;Weight formula (1 479.44 ± 200.24) kcal,(1 488.40 ± 227.72) kcal,(1434.14 ± 216.56) kcal;Harris-Benedict formula (1 777.43 ± 253.00) kcal,(1 730.08 ± 265.18) kcal,(1 689.33 ± 236.69) kcal.The results calculated from Harris-Benedict formula and the weight formula were significantly different fiom calculated from indirect calorimetry (P ＜ 0.05).Resting energy expenditure by Harris-Benedict formula was significantly higher than calculated from indirect calorimetry (All P ＜ 0.05).Resting energy expenditure by weight formula was significantly lower than calculated from indirect calorimetry(All P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Although Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula is convenient in clinical use,while the results calculated by them is significant different from the results calculated by indirect calorimetry.So clinical nutrition support should rely on indirect calorimetry as far as possible.

The design of PBL combined with CBL teaching course for standardized training of clinicians based on the clinical decision thinking mode / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To design teaching course of problem-based learning (PBL) combined with case-based learning (CBL) for standardized training of clinicians based on clinical decision thinking mode (CDTM) of diagnosis and treatment process for primary liver cancer. The CDTM of treatment choice for primary liver cancer is multi-scheme selection model. The general decision rule includes decision condition, action plan and decision tree. For the theoretical study of clinical decision rules, it is suitable to design PBL teaching, but it is suitable to design CBL teaching course for clinical decision-making practice. The teaching course of PBL combined with CBL is conducive to improving the ability of clinicians' clinical decision thinking step by step.

A investigation on cognitive attitude towards male nurses and operational skills of male nurses in different population of five top hospitals in Chengdu / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective We sought to learn the cognition and attitude of doctors,nurses,patients and patients' family members for male nurses and compare the differences in nursing skills between men and women in order to provide basic information and a basis for further improving the quality of hospital care and promote the comprehensive development of nursing disciplines.Methods Some doctors,female nurses,patients and their family members of patients from the five top hospitals were randomly selected as research subjects to investigate the cognitive attitudes towards male nurses.50 male nurses from the five top hospitals were randomly selected,then 50 female nurses with the same academic level and specialty were selected as the control group,and nursing skills were compared between the two groups.Results This study investigated a total of 304 doctors,522 female nurses,258 patients,176 patients' family members.The cognition attitude to male nurses by doctors,female nurses,patients and their families showed statistically significant differences.Emergency department,operating room,intensive care unit were four departments which were considered to be in great need of male nurses.The differences were statistically significant between men and women nurses in scores of aseptic technique,intravenous infusion operation,suction operation,single unarmed CPR skills.Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between education,working years and scores and total score of four operation skills,the results showed that working life was correlated with aseptic technique score of female nurses,the correlation coefficient was 0.409,the scores of the remaining skills did not showed correlation with education and working years yet.Conclusions Doctors,female nurses,patients and patients' families showed a certain degree of acceptance and positive attitude to male nurses.Male nurses showed advantages in the emergency department,operating room,intensive care unit and other nursing post.Male and female nurses demonstrated the same level of basic nursing skills.

Application of different nasal feedings in enteral nutrition for elderly patients with severe brain hemorrhage / 现代临床护理

Objective To explore the effect of different nasal feedings in enteral nutrition for elderly patients with severe brain hemorrhage. Methods Eighty elderly patients with severe brain hemorrhage were assigned into the observation group and control group according to the odd and even numbers at admission with 40 in each group. The control group was treated with graded injection nasal feeding, and the observation group was treated with continuous infusion nasal feeding. The nutrition indicators and enteral nutrition complications were compared between the two groups. Result The nutrition indicators in the observation group were better than those in the control group and the rate of enteral nutrition complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Continuous infusion nasal feeding can improve the nutritional status of elderly patients with severe cerebral hemorrhage and effectively reduce the incidence of complications of enteral nutrition. So it is worthy of clinical application.

Functions of standard CPR training on performance qualities of medical volunteers for Mt. Taishan International Mounting Festival.

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a sudden emergency procedure that requires a rapid and efficient response, and personnel training in lifesaving procedures. Regular practice and training are necessary to improve resuscitation skills and reduce anxiety among the staff. As one of the most important skills mastered by medical volunteers serving for Mt. Taishan International Mounting Festival, we randomly selected some of them to evaluate the quality of CPR operation and compared the result with that of the untrained doctors and nurses. In order to evaluate the functions of repeating standard CPR training on performance qualities of medical volunteers for Mt. Taishan International Mounting Festival, their performance qualities of CPR were compared with those of the untrained medical workers working in emergency departments of hospitals in Taian. METHODS: The CPR performance qualities of 52 medical volunteers (Standard Training Group), who had continually taken part in standard CPR technical training for six months, were tested at random and were compared with those of 68 medical workers (Compared Group) working in emergency departments of hospitals in Taian who hadn't attended CPR training within a year. The QCPR 3535 monitor (provided by Philips Company) was used to measure the standard degree of single simulated CPR performance, including the chest compression depth, frequency, released pressure between compressions and performance time of compression and ventilation, the results of which were recorded in the table and the number of practical compression per minute was calculated. The data were analyzed by x2 Test and t Test. The factors which would influence CPR performance, including gender, age, placement, hand skill, posture of compression and frequency of training, were classified and given parameters, and were put to Logistic repression analysis. RESULTS: The CPR performance qualities of volunteers were much higher than those of the compared group. The overall pass rates were respectively 86.4% and 31.9%; the pass rates of medical volunteers in terms of the chest compression depth, frequency, released pressure between compressions were higher than those of the compared group, which were 89.6%, 94.2%, 95.8% vs 50.3%, 53.0%, 83.1%, P<0.01; there were few differences in overall performance time, which were (118.4 ± 13.5s) vs (116.0 ± 10.4s), P>0.05; the duration time of ventilation in each performance section was much shorter than that in the compared group, which were (6.38 ± 1.2) vs (7.47 ± 1.7), P<0.01; there were few differences in the number of practical compression per minute, which were (78.2 ± 3.5) vs (78.8 ± 12.2), P>0.05); the time proportion of compression and ventilation was 2.6:1 vs 2.1:1. The Logistic repression analysis showed that CPR performance qualities were clearly related to hand skill, posture of compression and repeating standard training, which were respectively OR 13.12 and 95%CI (2.35~73.2); OR 30.89, 95%CI (3.62~263.5); OR 4.07,95%CI (1.16~14.2). CONCLUSION: The CPR performance qualities of volunteers who had had repeating standard training were much higher than those of untrained medical workers, which proved that standard training helped improve CPR performance qualities.

Information management system for the medical laboratory animals in military: design and application / 中华医学科研管理杂志

To improve efficiency and quality of the laboratory animal in military research institutes,we designed an information management system for which employs advanced technology and provides convenience.Its functions,and operating methods and else are introduced so as to provide reference for elevation level of the scientific research management.

Measurements of NO and CO in Shanghai urban atmosphere by using quantum cascade lasers.

Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) in Shanghai urban atmosphere have been measured during the EXPO 2010 by an optical trace gas monitoring system based on room-temperature pulsed quantum cascade lasers (QCL). The results showed obvious diurnal variation in their concentrations. A great correlation was found by analyzing the diurnal variation, indicating common emission sources for both NO and CO. However analysis of the data from street canyon measurements showed that on a vehicle-by-vehicle basis NO emissions correlated only weakly with CO emissions. A possible explanation to this issue has been given.

Patient safety monitoring indicators based on medical complaints / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To build the indicators system to collect patient safety monitoring information, focusing on medical complaints. Methods With such methods as literature review and expert advice, building the system for medical complaints collection and monitoring. Such indicators are modified and improved in pilot operations. Results The framework of the medical complaint monitoring indicators system is built in five dimensions, comprising 8 grade-1 indicators including patient complaint causes and hospital cause analysis, and 20 grade-2 indicators. Conclusion These indicators are scientific and operable to detect adverse patient safety events.

Prolene hernia system in the tension-free repair operation of inguinal saddle hernia / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy and operation experience of Prolene Hernia System (PHS) in the tension-free repair operation of inguinal saddle hernia. Methods All 41 cases using PHS were selected as the subjects of this study and the results were analyzed. Results All patients were performed operation under the local anesthesia, and lasted from 25 min to 60 min. They had been keeping in ward for observation from 24 h to 72 h. No serotal swelling, hematoma, and incisional wound infection hap-pened after the operation. The follow-up time had been lasting from 6 months to 42 months, and none of pa-tients catehed a relapse or had the sensation of the foreign bodies. Conclusions Using PHS is safe and ef-fective in the tension-free repair operation, and it is more suited to inguinal saddle hernia. The key of opera-tion success is attaching importance to operation skills.

Research and development of information management system of laboratory animals / 中华医学科研管理杂志

To improve work etffciency and service quality of the laboratory animals, this paper nitroduces an information management system with advanced technology, convenience and good dissemination, which contained main system function, and operating method, etc.

Focal adhesion kinase and cancer / 基础医学与临床

Focal adhesion kinase(FAK),the non-receptor tyrosine kinase,has been implicated in regulating a number of fundamental biological signal transudation pathways that control cell proliferation,survival,adhesion,motility.Many researches have reported that FAK highly expressed in many cancers and involved in the process of cancer development,such as initial,progress,metastasis,multi-drug resistance of cancer.FAK has been the hotpot in cancer research,and it will be a new target in cancer therapy.

Fabricating nanofluidic channels and Applying it for single bio-molecule study.

In the emerging field of nanobiotechnology, further downsizing the fluidic channels to the nanometer scale is attractive for both fundamental studies and technical applications. The insulation Silicon nitride membrane nanofluidic channel array which have width∼75nm and depth ∼ 100nm and length 50μm were created by focused-ion- beam instrument, theλ--DNA molecules were put inside them and the dynamic characteristics were initial studied, a fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the images. We observed λ--DNA moved inside the nanotrenches which dealt with activating reagent Brij aqueous solution only by capillary force,this will help us to understand more DNA dynamics characteristics and more information about single biomolecule transporting through a nanopore,.

Comparison of imageology, electrophysiology and clinical characteristics between simple leukoaraiosis and Binswanger's disease / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Leukoaraiosis is a group of changes in image. Since the firm pathogenic mechanism on leukoaraiosis has been unknown, the evaluation at the earlier stage of the disease has not been emphasized commonly and there is rather less recognition of the alternations on its electrophysiological system.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the clinical characteristics and alternations on image and evoked potential in simple leukoaraiosis and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy(Binswanger' s disease) and carry on the comparison with healthy people.DESIGN: Retrospective comparative study based on patients and healthy people.SETTING: Department of neurological internal medicine of one university hospital and department of neurological internal medicine of one railway central hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Outpatients or inpatients with cerebral vascular disorders in Qilu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were collected from August 1995 to March 2000. Totally 114 cases were leukoaraiosis, of which, 79 cases were males and 35 cases females. And 41 cases were Binswanger' s disease,of which, 28 cases were males and 13 cases females. Fifty healthy aged people who received routine physical check were randomized from the clinic of the hospital as the control.METHODS: The analysis was carried on the risk factors, clinical characteristics and CT exam in 114 cases of leukoaraiosis and 41 cases of Binswanger' s disease, of which, 74 leukoaraiosis cases and 35 Binswanger' s disease cases had received cranial MRI exam. Of those, 43 cases of simple leukoaraiosis associated with hypertension, 30 cases of Binswanger' s disease and 50 cases in the normal control were selected to carry on the examinations of body-sensory evoked potential, brain stem auditory evoked potential and visual evoked potential.coronary heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipemia, smoke, cerebral apoplexy,evoked potential and visual evoked potential.RESULTS: According to practical management analysis, 114 cases of leukoaraiosis, 41 cases of Binswanger' s disease and 50 cases in the control were diversification, mainly characterized as slightly declining of memory and loss of gait stability. Hypertension is predominated anong risk factors in Binswanger' s disease group (95.1% ), mainly characterized as physical signs of local neural focus, obvious cognitive disturbance and cerebral in CT exam that 70.2% (80/114) of cases presented brain whiter-matter abnormity in type Ⅰ. It was indicated in MRI exam that 72% (53/74) of cases presented brain whiter-matter abnormity, type Ⅰ, 27% (20/74) presented type Ⅱ and 1% (1/74) presented type Ⅲ. For Binswanger's disease patients, it was indicated in MRI exam that 54% (19/35) of cases presented brain white-matter abnormity, type Ⅲ, and 46% (16/35) presented type Ⅳ.Symmetrical extension of bilateral ventricles presented in Binswanger' s disbody-sensory evoked potential was 84% (36/43), of which, the mild abnormity occupied 60% (26/43) and moderate abnormity 23% (10/43); The abnormity rate of brain stem auditory evoked potential was 63% (27/43) and that of visual evoked potential was 54% (23/43). In Binswanger' s disease group, the abnormity rate of body-sensory evoked potential was 97% (29/30),of which, mild abnormity was 7% (2/30), moderate abnormity was 47%(14/30) and severe abnormity was 43% (13/30); The abnormity rate of brain stem auditory evoked potential was 87% (26/30) and that of auditory evoked potential was 83% (25/30).CONCLUSION: The risk factors of simple leukoaraiosis are diversified,without obvious physical signs of local neural focus. The diagnosis of it is mainly depended on abnormity Ⅰ of brain white matter described in images,manifested as remarkable dysfunction of cerebral eletrophysiology. Binswanger' s disease patients are mainly characterized as hypertension, relevantly obvious cognitive disturbance and common seizure of cerebral apoplexy. Abnormity Ⅲ of brain white matter indicated in CT exam, abnormity Ⅲ or Ⅳ of that in MRI exam are the image evidence for diagnosis. Remarkable abnormity also presents in cerabral electrophysiology, in which, abnormal body-sensory evoked potential is especially significant.

Research and Development of One-off Multifunctional Instrument for Blood Collection and Transfusion / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop an one-off multifunctional instrument for blood collection and transfusion.Methods Blood collection pipe,blood sample pipe and blood transfusion pipe were united by means of three-way pipe.Different venipuncture needles could be selected by means of different connectors.Plastic clips and connectors were used to cut off and connect pipes.It was also equipped with pipe warming apparatus,manual pipe seal apparatus and newest venipuncture needles.Results The one-off multifunctional instrument for blood collection and transfusion possessed advanced technology,convenience and good application value.Conclusion The one-off multifunctional instrument for blood collection and transfusion can be applied into blood medical service,all kinds of surgical operations,emergency care,abrupt affairs,and it meets the requirements of war-readiness and medical service for troops in different periods.

Research and Development of Multifunctional Field Blood-Warming Apparatus / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To improve the work efficiency and safety quality of blood transfusion remedy in field battle.Methods Low density polyethylente or glass reinforced plastics was used as raw and processed materials.The polyurethane foam was used as insulation layer.U-shape Mipor bi-pass blood-transfusion tube was used in heating.Results The apparatus is small,easily-carried,flexible and free from power supply.The temperature is regulated by the infusion of cold or hot water.Conclusion Being advanced and convenient,the apparatus has good application value.