Enhanced wastewater treatment performance by understanding the interaction between algae and bacteria based on quorum sensing.

In order to further obtain sustainable wastewater treatment technology, in-depth analysis based on algal-bacterial symbiosis, quorum sensing signal molecules and algal-bacterial relationship will lay the foundation for the synergistic algal-bacterial wastewater treatment process. The methods of enhancing algae and bacteria wastewater treatment technology were systematically explored, including promoting symbiosis, reducing algicidal behavior, eliminating the interference of quorum sensing inhibitor, and developing algae and bacteria granular sludge. These findings can provide guidance for sustainable economic and environmental development, and facilitate carbon emissions reduction by using algae and bacteria synergistic wastewater treatment technology in further attempts. The future work should be carried out in the following four aspects: (1) Screening of dominant microalgae and bacteria; (2) Coordination of stable (emerging) contaminants removal; (3) Utilization of algae to produce fertilizers and feed (additives), and (4) Constructing recombinant algae and bacteria for reducing carbon emissions and obtaining high value-added products.

Prognostic factors in patients with occult ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the prognostic factors in patients with occult ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 31 patients with occult ruptured HCC who underwent hepatectomy at the Heze Multiple Hospital from January 2001 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 27 males and 4 females, with ages ranging from 29 to 73 years. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was carried out for survival analysis, and compared by the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results:Of 31 patients in this study, 27(87.1%) had died, and 25(80.6%) had developed tumor recurrence and metastasis. The median overall survival was 8 months and the median tumor-free survival was 4 months. On Cox regression analysis, non-R 0 resection was an independent risk factor of overall survival ( RR=2.816, 95% CI: 1.006-7.887) and disease-free survival ( RR=3.295, 95% CI: 1.215-8.940). Poor tumor differentiation was an independent risk factor of overall survival ( RR=3.120, 95% CI: 1.193-8.160). Conclusions:The prognosis of patients with occult rupture HCC who underwent no R 0 resection was poor. However, the prognosis of patients who underwent non-R 0 resection was even poorer.

HMGB1 signaling blocking protects against carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae in a murine model of infection.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Pulmonary infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality in pneumonia. Recent studies have indicated that High-Mobility Group Box 1 Protein (HMGB1) plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of pneumonia. However the role of HMGB1 in CRKP-induced pneumonia has not been addressed. Materials andMethods: In vivo, we successfully established the KP and CRKP-induced pneumonia mouse model. We then tested the anti-HMGB1 IgG prevents CRKP-induced pneumonia. RESULTS: The mice treated with the anti-HMGB1 IgG ameliorated CRKP-induced pulmonary infiltration of inflammatory cells, dissemination of bacteria and the cytokine storm by suppressing the HMGB1 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that HMGB1 may be an important contributor in these changes of CRKP-induced pneumonia. Thus, HMGB1 may provide a therapeutic target for reducing bacterial infection and lung inflammation in CRKP pneumonia.

Analysis of hepatitis C virus 5′ non-coding region for viral genotyping and the level of viral replication / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To investigate hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotyping and the serum HCV-RNA concentration in patients infected with different HCV genotypes and to provide information for evaluation of disease condition and anti-viral treatment efficacy.@*Methods@#A total of 60 anti-HCV positive serum samples were collected before antiviral treatment. RT-PCR was performed for the 5′ non-cording region and was followed by nucleotide sequencing for HCV genotyping. Meanwhile, serum HCV-RNA concentration was detected by quantitative PCR. SPSS21.0 and Graphpad Prism 5.0 software were used for data analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison among multi-groups and the t-test was used for comparison between two groups.@*Results@#The frequencies of HCV genotypes 1b, 3a, 1a and 2a were 48.3% (29/60), 23.3% (14/60), 16.7% (10/60) and 10% (6/60), respectively. And, there is one subtype 2c was detected in this study. The mean serum viral concentration with standard deviation of HCV in genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, and 3 a were 5.46±1.19, 6.22±0.78, 5.47±0.65, and 5.38±0.98 log10 (IU/ml) respectively.@*Conclusions@#The infection rate of HCV genotype 1 was significantly higher than that of genotype 2 and 3 (P<0.01). The statistical analysis showed the serum HCV-RNA concentration in patients with subtype 1b was significantly higher than that of the subtype group 1 a, 2 a, and 3 a (P<0.05). The study of the relationship between HCV genotypes and the serum HCV-RNA concentration may contribute to anti-viral treatment prescription for hepatitis C patients.

Nosocomial Infections: Investigation and Analysis of 2 409 Cases / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To prevent and control the incidence of nosocomial infection,and improve the inner quality of nosocomial infection management.METHODS A total of 49 363 cases of inpatients in the recent four years were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Of them 2 409 cases were infected,the incidence was 4.88%.The lower(respiratory) tract ranked the first place (34.16%) and the highest infected rate was in medicine(department)((8.29%).) Totally 505 isolates of bacteria were found,of which Gram-negative ones accounted for 45.15%,(Gram-)positives 25.15%,fungi were for 29.70%.CONCLUSIONS The incidence of nosocomial infection is(connected) with following factors such as age,inpatient factor,invasive diagnosis and treatment manipulation,the misusage of(antibiotics),and the environment quality.