Susceptibility of gram-positive bacteria isolated from a paediatric hospital environment to antibiotics.

Susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from the hospital environment to antibiotics was determined. About 19% strains were resistant to most tested antibiotics. Among 30 coagulase-negative staphylococci, 8 of them have been found to be resistant to 6-13 antibiotics, whereas among 15 strains of S. aureus only one was resistant to 6 antibiotics. Only gentamicin was effective to all tested Gram-positive strains, whereas ceftazidim, tetracycline and doxycycline were ineffective to the most tested bacteria.

Susceptibility of gram-negative bacteria isolated from a paediatric hospital environment to antibiotics.

The majority of tested Gram-negative strains isolated from the hospital environment were resistant to 6-14 used antibiotics. The greatest resistance was shown by three strains: Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis and Ps. maltophilia, which were resistant to all tested drugs. The most effective antibiotic was gentamicin, at least against half of bacteria belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, to 90% of strains from Pseudomonas genus and to all other Gram-negative rods. Cephtazidim, cephotaxim, colistin and carbenicillin were effective only to 60-70% of Enterobacteriaceae family strains, whereas ampicillin and tetracycline to 70% of Pseudomonas genus. Other Gram-negative bacilli were more susceptible to antibiotics. Cephalothin was ineffective to all tested strains.

Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from non-parenteral preparations applied in paediatric hospitals to antibiotics.

No strains resistant to all tested antibiotics were found among the 33 Gram-positive and 17 Gram-negative bacteria isolated from non-parenteral drugs and purified water. Three strains: S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococcus and B. cereus have been found to be resistant to 6-8 antibiotics, whereas six Gram-negative strains belonging to Enterobacter agglomerans and Ps. aeruginsosa were resistant to 6-12 antibiotics. The most effective agent against all tested Gram-positive bacteria was cephaloridine, and erythromycin against the staphylococci. Tetracycline and ceftazidim were the least effective. Gentamycin was the only antibiotic effective to all Gram-negative strains, and ceftazidim to most of them. Cefsulodin was ineffective to Ps. aeruginosa.