RESUMO
Level of exposure to severe psychosocial stressors was assessed among homeless children in emergency family shelters in an urban locale. The relationship between such exposure and child mental health problems was then investigated, along with the effects of adult family social support. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Assuntos
Pessoas Mal Alojadas/psicologia , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Criança , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/epidemiologia , Filho de Pais com Deficiência/psicologia , Filho de Pais com Deficiência/estatística & dados numéricos , Vítimas de Crime/psicologia , Vítimas de Crime/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Los Angeles/epidemiologia , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Análise de Regressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Meio Social , Violência/psicologia , Violência/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
An open, prospective assessment of the treatment of severe aggression and self-injurious behavior (SIB) with paroxetine, a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, in 15 institutionalized persons with mental retardation was undertaken. Frequency and severity of aggression and SIB were charted by trained staff members. Only aggression severity was reduced over the entire 4-month follow-up period. Within the limits of an open trial, this effect was significant at one month but did not remain significant subsequently. The apparent diminution of effectiveness after 4 weeks of treatment may suggest adaptive changes warranting further study.
Assuntos
Agressão/efeitos dos fármacos , Deficiência Intelectual/psicologia , Paroxetina/uso terapêutico , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/uso terapêutico , Comportamento Autodestrutivo/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Agressão/psicologia , Transtorno Autístico/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Autístico/epidemiologia , Transtorno Autístico/psicologia , Comorbidade , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/tratamento farmacológico , Deficiência Intelectual/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Paroxetina/farmacologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Comportamento Autodestrutivo/epidemiologia , Comportamento Autodestrutivo/psicologia , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/farmacologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado/epidemiologia , Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado/psicologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Several tests of visual-auditory integration were designed to represent the various tasks that have been found to correlate with reading achievement in the early grades. The battery of tests was administered to about 100 first, 84 second, and 110 third graders. Several questions were posed: (1) Do the various tests of integration measure the same underlying ability or are there separate abilities that are tapped by the various tests? (2) Are the various tests correlated with reading because they tap a common integrative ability that is related to reading or are there several abilities, each related to reading independently to the others? (3) To what extent are the relationships between the integrative abilities and reading separate from the relationship between reading and IQ? Results indicated that there are separate integrative abilities, and multiple regression analyses showed that several of the integrative measures were correlated with reading independently of the other measures. Further, several of the integrative measures accounted for significant reading variance beyond that accounted for by IQ tests. The results were discussed in the context of the need to differentiate adequately between various patterns of perceptual weakness in the diagnosis and remediation of perceptually based reading difficulties.