Thyroblastoma in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): A case report.

In this report, we describe the gross, histopathology, and immunohistochemical findings of a thyroblastoma that arose in the right lobe of the thyroid gland in a 2-month-old rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta).

Granulomatous Rhinitis in a Horse due to Mycobacterium intracellulare Infection.

Mycobacterial infections in horses are uncommon, but are caused most frequently by Mycobacterium bovis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex or Mycobacterium avium of the M. avium complex. Disease caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare, the second most common species within the M. avium complex, has not been reported in horses to date. Mycobacteriosis in horses most often presents as enteric, pulmonary or, rarely, systemic disease. Here we report a case of M. intracellulare infection in a horse presenting as a granulomatous nasal mass.

Comparison of prevalence, cost, and outcomes of a combination of salmeterol and fluticasone therapy to common asthma treatments.

OBJECTIVES: To compare a combination of salmeterol and fluticasone with common asthma pharmacologic regimens used in real-world clinical practice, and to evaluate the associated costs and outcomes of care. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional examination of medical and pharmacy claims. METHODS: The study population included 33,939 adult asthmatics (at least 12 years of age) continuously enrolled in 1 of 4 participating health plans for the 6-month study period. Every subject was in 1 of 10 different pharmacotherapy treatment groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare the rates and costs of pharmaceutical prescriptions and medical care services between patients on salmeterol plus fluticasone and patients with other pharmacologic therapies. RESULTS: About 60.4% of the patients were on single controllers; the balance was on short-acting beta 2-agonists alone (23%) or double controllers (16.8%). The average overall cost of asthma care was approximately $228 per patient over the 6 months of the study. Pharmaceutical cost was the major cost driver, which was significantly lower for single-controller (mean = $134) than for double-controller therapies (mean = $325). However, total costs were $50-$200 lower (P < .029) for patients on salmeterol plus fluticasone and inhaled steroids plus mast cell stabilizing agents than for those on other double controllers. CONCLUSIONS: Single-controller regimens and short-acting beta-agonists were less costly than double-controller regimens. Within the double-controller groups, salmeterol plus fluticasone appeared to be less costly than other double controllers, except inhaled steroids plus mast cell stabilizing agents.