Endothelin receptor blockers protect against ischemia/reperfusion impairment of gastrointestinal motility in rats.

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains associated with high morbidity and mortality. The protective efficacy of the following endothelin (ET) receptor blockers: BQ-123 (ET(A) receptor), BQ-788 (ET(B)); tezosentan (dual ET blocker) was tested against the inhibition of gastrointestinal (GI) motility induced by intestinal I/R. Intestinal Evans blue transit was measured in untreated (UN) rats and animals subjected to skin incision (SI), I/R (1h superior mesenteric artery clamping followed by 2-24h reperfusion) or sham operation (SO). Surgical procedures were conducted under diethyl ether anesthesia. Anesthesia and SI did not affect the GI transit compared to UN rats. In contrast both SO and I/R significantly reduced GI motility, the latter evident at 2-24h of reperfusion. Tezosentan (1-10 mg/kg), BQ-123 and BQ-788 (0.1-1 mg/kg) protected against I/R-induced inhibition of intestinal motility in a time- and dose-dependent manner at the early and late stages of reperfusion. Furthermore tezosentan alleviated the I/R-induced decrease in the contractile response of the longitudinal jejunal smooth muscle strips to carbachol in vitro. The serum ET(1-21) level was increased at 2h but not 24h of reperfusion compared to SO animals and ET(1-21) was higher in tezosentan pretreated rats.

[Eyelid reconstruction after removal of tumours, using chondroperichondrial grafts from auricular concha]. / Odtwarzanie powiek po wycieciu nowotworów zlosliwych, z wykorzystaniem wolnych przeszczepów ochrzestnowo-chrzestnych z malzowiny usznej.

INTRODUCTION: The main goal in reconstruction of the full thickness defects of the eyelids after tumour resection is the reconstitution of the tarsal plate as supportive layer of the lid. AIM OF STUDY: We report a simple, one stage reconstruction procedure of repairing the eyelid internal lamella. METHOD: The chondroperichondrial graft from auricular concha was used to reconstruct the tarsoconjunctival layer in nine patients with surgical defects following excision of skin cancer. Local cutaneous flaps were used to reconstruct the external lamella. RESULTS: All grafts appeared completely without reabsorption, healing of the wounds was rapid. Epithelialization on the perichondrium from the surrounding conjunctiva occurred between 2 and 3 weeks. The functional and aesthetic results were judged as very good in seven patients after reconstruction of the lower eyelid. One patient after reconstruction of the upper eyelid has good result too. The last patient needed secondary very extensive operation because of the tumour recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Conchal chondroperichondrial free graft provides simple, one-stage reconstruction of the lower and upper eyelid. Perichondrium substitutes the conjunctiva in early postoperative period and it makes epithelialization possible.

Extensive periocular defect reconstruction with local flaps and conchal cartilage graft.

BACKGROUND: Advanced, histologically aggressive basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) of eyelids are difficult to eradicate. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of BCC of both eyelids and lateral canthus and the reconstruction procedures used. METHODS: A two-stage reconstruction procedure was used. First, only mobilization of the forniceal conjunctiva and the musculocutaneous flap technique were used. The because of shortage and insufficiency of the upper eyelid the flap/graft technique was performed. A conchal complex cartilage-perichondrial graft was selected. RESULTS: The described procedure resulted in a very good functional and aesthetic outcome.

[Bilateral aggressive basal cell carcinoma of the eyelids and face--case report]. / Obustronny agresywny rak podstawnokomórkowy skóry powiek i twarzy--opis przypadku.

In this paper we present a case of sclerosing basal cell carcinomas affecting both sides of periocular regions in a 68-years old woman. Neoplastic tissues were surgically removed and the extend of resection was controlled microscopically during the operation. After fixing the remaining palpebral structures to ocular muscles and bones the split-thickness skin grafts were placed at the defects. We planned to perform the second step reconstructive procedures of the eyelids, but we resigned because of unexpectedly good functional nad esthetic results. We present this case because the cancers were long-term, multiple and of a great advancement, the treatment was difficult and the results were very good.

Upper lip reconstruction with local island flap after neoplasm excision.

BACKGROUND: The upper lip is an important esthetic unit of the face and its reconstruction is a big challenge to the dermatosurgeon. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper is to present results of upper lip reconstruction for moderately sized defects with single island subcutaneously pedicled flaps, or in combination with additional local flaps. METHODS: Thirteen patients were operated upon mostly for malignant skin neoplasms. Defects of skin only were covered with island flaps planned individually to fit esthetic units of the face. Defects in skin and vermillion were covered with island flaps, and additionally and independently with flaps that reconstructed the vermilion. RESULTS: The healing process was in all the cases but one (partial flap necrosis) free of complications. Follow-up results were also very good functionally and esthetically.

[Testing of facial nerve conduction after lower lip reconstruction]. / Badania przewodnictwa nerwu twarzowego po rekonstrukcji wargi dolnej.

Facial nerve conduction was tested after lip reconstruction from flaps of labial and buccal muscles. The neuromuscular activity in the flaps was maintained. The delay of electrical response was greater in case of buccal flaps than labial flaps. Conduction delay is explained by the authors as result of elongation of the route of the electrical impulse caused by cutting of a part of the rami of the parotid plexus and stretching or compression of nervous rami by the surrounding tissues.

[Historical outline of lower lip reconstruction]. / Rys historyczny rekonstrukcji wargi dolnej.

A historical review is presented of the methods of lower lip reconstruction in relation to the general trends in reconstructive surgery.

[Labial flaps in reconstruction of lower lip]. / Platy wargowe w rekonstrukcji wargi dolnej.

The authors present the evolution of the lower lip reconstruction by labial flaps. Some details of the operation technique and the range of indications for this type of plastic operation have been discussed.

[Proper magnitude of the mouth slit and lower lip in men of the age of 51-70 years]. / Prawidlowe wielkosci szpary ustnej i wargi dolnej u mezczyzn w wieku 51-70 lat.

The magnitude of the mouth slit and lower lip in men of the age of 51-70 years has been determined in to order to assign the ground for the estimation of the result of lower lip reconstruction.