Women in the rural medical academic workforce.

INTRODUCTION: This study assessed the role of women as fractional full-time equivalent (FTE) rural academics in the context of significant workforce shortage and increasing academic demand. METHODS: The design was a cross-sectional cohort study conducted from June 2002 to June 2012. All Rural Clinical School teaching sites in Western Australia were included, numbering from 3 (at inception in 2002) to 13 in 2012. Participants were all clinicians employed as academic staff of The University of Western Australia since its inception. Teaching staff employed elsewhere were not included. Main outcome measures were the proportion of women employed in the Rural Clinical School and work characteristics including appointment fraction, duration and site leadership. RESULTS: Relative to the workforce at large, female academics were disproportionately employed in the Rural Clinical School with a relative risk of 1.28 (CI 1.0-1.64), χ²=2.0 p=0.46. Their likelihood of being Australian trained was 1.62 (CI 1.3-2.0), χ²=19.3, p=0.000 relative to the rural female GP workforce. Their FTE (t=1.0 p=0.295), time of tenure (t=1.19, p=0.24) and site leadership was indistinguishable from male Rural Clinical School academics. CONCLUSION: Female doctors who are willing to take on part-time work are supporting the rural medical teaching workforce.

Longitudinal assessment in an undergraduate longitudinal integrated clerkship: the mini Clinical Evaluation Exercise (mCEX) profile.

AIM: Student and assessor performance were examined over three academic years using the mini Clinical Evaluation Exercise (mCEX) as a continuous feedback tool across all disciplines, in all learning contexts, for an entire integrated undergraduate year. METHODS: Students could complete any number of mCEX, but had to submit a minimum number per discipline. Students were free to choose assessors. Assessors were not trained. Data were collected in a customised database, and analysed in SPSS ver 18.0.0. RESULTS: 5686 mCEX were submitted during 2008-2010 (Cronbach's α = 0.80). Marks were affected by doctor grade (F = 146.6, p < 0.000), difficulty of clinical encounter (F = 33.3, p < 0.000) and clinical discipline (F = 13.8, p < 0.000). Students most frequently sought harder markers (experienced general practitioner/hospital specialists). Increases in mCEX marks were greatest during the early, formative months (F = 42.7, p < 0.000). More mCEX were submitted than required, without differentiation between weak or strong students (rxy = 0.22, p = 0.78). CONCLUSIONS: Undergraduate students in longitudinal clerkships acquire most skills during 'formative' learning. They seek 'hard' assessors, consistent with year-long mentoring relationships and educational/feedback value. Assessors mark consistent with a framework of encouraging student performance. Over an entire longitudinal clerkship, students complete mCEX in excess of course requirements. This study confirms the impact of the longitudinal context on assessor and student behaviour.