RESUMO
The National Institutes of Health 1994 guidelines require inclusion of minorities in research. People seeking grants need to be aware of techniques for recruitment of minority populations. The Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center addresses difficult recruitment issues that arise from a skeptical minority population. The approach uses home visits to circumvent many of the barriers to recruitment and retention of participants in research studies.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Coleta de Dados/métodos , Visita Domiciliar , Experimentação Humana , Grupos Minoritários , Seleção de Pacientes , População Urbana , Idoso , Barreiras de Comunicação , Diversidade Cultural , Coleta de Dados/normas , Guias como Assunto , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Projetos de Pesquisa/normas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
HIV-infected subjects at various stages of illness but without opportunistic cerebral disease were evaluated using a comprehensive, cognitively-based neuropsychological protocol and measures of levels of depression and anxiety. The data indicated a prominent attentional disorder among impaired subjects; however, language, visual-spatial and memory functioning were not deficient. There was also evidence suggesting executive function deficit. Depression contributed a small additional component in differentiating the groups. These findings help to specify the nature of the cognitive disturbance associated with HIV encephalopathy and are consistent with the pathological effects of primary infection of the brain by HIV. In addition, they provide a specific basis for ameliorative treatment with psychostimulant medication.
Assuntos
Complexo AIDS Demência/psicologia , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/psicologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Complexo AIDS Demência/complicações , Complexo Relacionado com a AIDS/complicações , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Adulto , Ansiedade/complicações , Ansiedade/psicologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/complicações , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/complicações , Depressão/psicologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , HumanosRESUMO
The encephalopathy associated with direct nervous system infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been recognized as one of the major debilitating aspects of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and of pre-AIDS conditions. A comprehensive neuropsychological examination of symptomatic HIV-infected subjects without opportunistic cerebral disease demonstrated a distinctive pattern of cognitive deficits marked by prominent attentional impairment. Evidence of organizational and reasoning impairments also was observed, but language, visual-spatial, and memory consolidation abilities were relatively preserved. The findings suggest a profile of impairment similar to other cognitive syndromes involving dysfunction of predominantly anterior brain structures and projections and suggest a rationale for psychostimulant drug treatment.
