What parents want to know in the first postnatal year: A Delphi consensus study.

BACKGROUND: Early postnatal psychoeducation intervention programmes can support new parents in the adjustment to parenthood. However, most psychoeducation programmes focus on pregnancy and the birth and fail to deliver relevant and age-specific information to new parents about what to expect in the postpartum period. Learning more about this intense period in a new parent's life will facilitate a healthy transition to parenthood. Considering the needs of time-poor but tech-savvy new parents, it is also necessary to rethink the delivery methods of such information to maximize impact. METHOD: Two panels of experts in perinatal mental health (eight professionals and eight parents with lived experience) participated in a Delphi consensus study to establish what topics of information are most important for parents in the first postnatal year. RESULTS: A total of 89 topics of information were endorsed by at least 80% of both panels as Essential or Good to Know information for new parents. The topics were grouped under the following themes: sleep, attachment, co-parenting, parental mental health, developmental milestones, feeding, social and community support, safety and health. CONCLUSIONS: This study established consensus between perinatal experts and parents with lived experience in order to produce relevant m-health psychoeducation for parents in the first postnatal year. The study findings will inform the development of perinatal m-health psychoeducation programmes.

Male callers to an Australian perinatal depression and anxiety help line-Understanding issues and concerns.

There is increasing recognition of the issues facing men in the perinatal period. Vulnerability factors and issues in the partner relationship contribute to mental health risk and can impact the quality of the father-infant relationship. Yet, there is limited understanding of fathers' help-seeking when they or their partner are experiencing mental health issues in the context of caring for a new baby. The present study examines fathers' contacts with the Perinatal Anxiety and Depression Australia (PANDA) National Helpline. The study reviewed contacts from fathers and their identified needs for assistance, relationship issues, and support needs; 70% of male callers (N = 129) reported concerns about the mother's mental health, and 57% were concerned about relationship breakdown. Significant numbers of men raised issues about their own mental health (43%) and many were concerned about the impact of maternal mental state on the relationship with the infant. When compared to community data, there were elevated rates of concerns about depression and anxiety. Men also described difficulties with the fathering role and with regulating their own feelings of guilt and frustration. These findings highlight the needs of men for support when a mother experiences perinatal problems and also the risk for distress in fathers.

Hay un incremento en el reconocimiento de los asuntos que enfrentan los hombres en el período perinatal.  Los factores de vulnerabilidad y asuntos en la relación con la pareja contribuyen al riesgo de salud mental y pueden tener impacto en la calidad de la relación papá-infante.  Aun así, hay una comprensión limitada acerca de la búsqueda de ayuda por parte de los papás cuando ellos o sus parejas están experimentando asuntos de salud mental en el contexto de cuidar a un nuevo bebé.  El presente estudio examina el contacto de los papás con la línea de ayuda nacional Ansiedad y Depresión Perinatal Australia (PANDA). El estudio revisó contactos de papás y sus identificadas necesidades para la asistencia, asuntos de la relación y necesidades de apoyo: 70% de los varones que llamaron (N = 129) reportaron preocupaciones acerca de la salud mental de la madre y 57% estaban preocupados acerca del rompimiento de la relación.  Un significativo número de hombres presentaron asuntos acerca de su propia salud mental (43%) y muchos estaban preocupados sobre el impacto del estado mental materno en la relación con el infante. Cuando se compara con la información comunitaria, hubo puntajes elevados de preocupaciones acerca de la depresión y la ansiedad. Los hombres también describieron dificultades con el papel de ser padres y con la forma de regular sus propios sentimientos de culpa y frustración.  Estos resultados subrayan las necesidades de los hombres de apoyo cuando una madre experimenta un problema perinatal y también el riesgo de angustia en los papás.

Les problèmes auxquels font face les hommes durant la période périnatale sont de plus en plus reconnus. Des facteurs et des problèmes de vulnérabilité dans la relation au partenaire contribuent au risque de santé mentale et peuvent avoir un impact sur la qualité de la relation père-enfant. Cependant on n'a que des connaissances limitées de l'appel à l'aide des pères lorsqu'ils font ou lorsque leur partenaire fait l'expérience de problèmes de santé mentale dans le contexte du soin à un nouveau-né. Cette étude a examiné les contacts des pères avec la ligne téléphonique nationale australienne pour l'anxiété et la dépression périnatales, abrégée PANDA selon l'anglais. Cette étude a passé en revue les contacts de pères et leurs besoins identifiés d'assistance et de soutien pour des problèmes liés à une relation: 70% des hommes ayant téléphoné (N = 129) ont fait état d'inquiétude à propos de la santé mentale de la mère et 57% étaient inquiets de la désintégration de la relation. Un nombre important d'hommes ont parlé de leur propre santé mentale (43%) et beaucoup d'entre eux étaient inquiets à propos de l'impact de l'état mental maternel sur la relation avec le nourrisson. Comparé aux données communautaires, on a trouvé des niveau élevés d'inquiétude sur la dépression et l'anxiété. Ces hommes ont aussi décrit des difficultés avec le rôle de père et avec la régulation de leurs propres sentiments de culpabilité et de frustration. Ces résultats mettent en évidence les besoins qu'ont les hommes de soutien quand une mère fait l'expérience d'un problème périnatal, et aussi le risque de détresse chez les pères.

"What am I thinking? Is this normal?" A cross-sectional study investigating the nature of negative thoughts, parental self-efficacy and psychological distress in new fathers.

OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to investigate an important aspect of mental health, negative thoughts, in new fathers during the postnatal year. The relationships between negative thoughts, parental self-efficacy and symptoms of depression were explored. BACKGROUND: Positive and engaged father-infant relations provide a host of benefits for fathers, mothers, infants and the family system as a whole. However, there is little knowledge about the psychological factors influencing paternal engagement such as mental health and wellbeing. METHODS: The study surveyed Australian fathers (n = 300) recruited through social media. Well-established measures of depressive symptoms and parental self-efficacy were used, along with a researcher modified version of Hall and Wittkowski (2006) Postnatal Negative Thoughts Questionnaire (PNTQ) adapted for use in a paternal population. RESULTS: Findings suggest negative thoughts are typical during the transition to fatherhood. To our knowledge, this is the first study that quantitatively explores and characterises paternal postnatal negative thoughts. LIMITATIONS: The sample was relatively homogenous with only a small sample of depressed participants. Data were from self-report instruments. CONCLUSIONS: While paternal postnatal negative thoughts are a normal and important functional part of a successful transition to fatherhood, a higher frequency of negative thoughts are linked to increased symptoms of depression and lower levels of perceived parental competence.

The concept and measurement of fathers' stimulating play: a review.

Reviews of attachment research point to fathers' capacity to provide for a secure child-parent attachment relationship; a suggested mechanism for the development of this relationship may be sensitive and challenging play interactions. This review synthesises research on fathers' challenging and stimulating play by mapping the variation in construct definitions and reporting on the association of fathers' stimulating play with child outcomes. Using search terms such as "father", "stimulating"and "challenging", 26 studies were identified, including 16 longitudinal studies, which assessed the association between father-child stimulating or challenging play, and child outcomes. Five categories of stimulating play were derived from the analysis,ranging on a continuum of activation and complexity. Most studies reported positive associations with children's cognitive, psycho social and physical development. The discussion highlights the variation in the operationalisation of challenging and stimulating play, and suggestions for future research on the function of fathers' play interactions are made.