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1.
Molecules ; 25(18)2020 Sep 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32961811

RESUMO

Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is an extensively used plasticizer. Most investigations on DBP have been concentrated on its environmental distribution and toxicity to humans. However, information on the effects of plasticizers on algal species is scarce. This study verified the impacts of endocrine disruptor di-n-butyl phthalate ester on microalga Chlorella vulgaris by approaches of proteomics and gene ontology. The algal acute biotoxicity results showed that the 24h-EC50 of DBP for C. vulgaris was 4.95 mg L-1, which caused a decrease in the chlorophyll a content and an increase in the DBP concentration of C. vulgaris. Proteomic analysis led to the identification of 1257 C. vulgaris proteins. Sixty-one more proteins showed increased expression, compared to proteins with decreased expression. This result illustrates that exposure to DBP generally enhances protein expression in C. vulgaris. GO annotation showed that both acetolactate synthase (ALS) and GDP-L-fucose synthase 2 (GER2) decreased more than 1.5-fold after exposure to DBP. These effects could inhibit both the valine biosynthetic process and the nucleotide-sugar metabolic process in C. vulgaris. The results of this study demonstrate that DBP could inhibit growth and cause significant changes to the biosynthesis-relevant proteins in C. vulgaris.


Assuntos
Chlorella vulgaris/efeitos dos fármacos , Dibutilftalato/toxicidade , Disruptores Endócrinos/toxicidade , Proteoma/análise , Proteômica/métodos , Acetolactato Sintase/genética , Chlorella vulgaris/genética , Chlorella vulgaris/metabolismo , Clorofila A/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ontologia Genética , Cetona Oxirredutases/genética , Espectrometria de Massas , Regulação para Cima/efeitos dos fármacos
2.
J Nurs Res ; 26(2): 72-79, 2018 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29016467

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Case management is a complex process involving multiple activities. It is vital that nurses are competent in all related tasks for case management. A competence scale is a valuable tool for assessing task-related competency. PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to examine the reliability and validity of an assessment scale for nurse case management competence and to use this scale to assess the current competency of nurses. METHODS: A nurse case management competence scale was developed in three stages: (a) selection of assessment items according to standards of practice for case management and literature review, (b) determination of content validity using the Delphi technique with a panel of experts, and (c) psychometric testing of the developed competence scale using a cross-sectional design. Convenience sampling was used to recruit psychiatric nurses at seven psychiatric centers in Taiwan to complete the scale anonymously. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to analyze construct validity. Discriminant validity, internal consistency, and 2-week test-retest reliability were also examined. RESULTS: Two hundred eighty-five psychiatric nurses completed an assessment scale comprising 18 items (originally 25 items). The content validity index reached 0.96 after the Delphi technique was applied twice in the expert panel. Seventy-eight percent of the total variance was explained by two dimension factors: coordination facilitation competence and direct care competence. Participants who had undertaken case management courses had superior case management ability compared with those who had not, indicating that the scale possesses excellent discriminant validity. Cronbach's α and the test-retest results showed excellent reliability. Of the two competence factors, direct care competence (3.03) was better than coordination facilitation competence (2.81). CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: There is a dearth of studies investigating the development and psychometric testing of case management competence scales. The results of this study provide evidence to support the reliability and validity of the developed case management competence scale among Taiwanese psychiatric nurses. It is a reliable and valid assessment instrument that may help identify educational needs and improve the case management competencies of nurses.


Assuntos
Administração de Caso , Competência Clínica , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Enfermagem Psiquiátrica , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Técnica Delphi , Feminino , Hospitais Psiquiátricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pesquisa em Avaliação de Enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Taiwan , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Agric Food Chem ; 59(1): 407-14, 2011 Jan 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21158429

RESUMO

A known triterpenoid, ß-amyrin (1), and a known and a new phloroglucinol, cohulupone (2) and garcinielliptone P (3), were isolated from the pericarp and heartwood and seed of Garcinia subelliptica, respectively. A new xanthonolignoid, hyperielliptone HF (4), was isolated from the heartwood of Hypericum geminiflorum. The new compounds were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-3 showed an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase (XO). Treatment of NTUB1, a human bladder cancer cell, with 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin for 24 h resulted in a decreased viability of cells. Exposure of NTUB1 to 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin for 24 h significantly increased the level of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flow cytometric analysis indicated that treatment of NTUB1 with 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin led to the cell cycle arrest, accompanied by an increase in the extent of apoptotic cell death in 1 or 1 combined with cisplatin-treated NTUB1 after 24 h. These data suggested that the presentation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in 1 or 1 combined with cisplatin-treated NTUB1 for 24 h was mediated through an increased amount of ROS in cells exposed to 1 or 1 cotreated with cisplatin.


Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Garcinia/química , Ácido Oleanólico/análogos & derivados , Floroglucinol/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Regulação para Baixo , Humanos , Ácido Oleanólico/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Xantina Oxidase/antagonistas & inibidores
4.
J Nat Prod ; 71(6): 1027-31, 2008 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18512985

RESUMO

A new phloroglucinol, hyperielliptone HA (1/1a), a new spirophloroglucinol possessing an unprecedented skeleton, hyperielliptone HB (2/2a), and two new xanthonolignoids, hyperielliptones HC (3) and HD (4), were isolated from the heartwood of Hypericum geminiflorum. Compounds 1/1a and 2/2a were obtained as tautomeric pairs. The structures and relative configurations of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. In biological testing, compound 2/ 2a revealed significant inhibition of oxidative DNA damage and an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres , Hypericum/química , Floroglucinol , Plantas Medicinais/química , Xantina Oxidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Algoritmos , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/isolamento & purificação , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Floroglucinol/análogos & derivados , Floroglucinol/química , Floroglucinol/isolamento & purificação , Floroglucinol/farmacologia , Estereoisomerismo , Taiwan , Xantina Oxidase/metabolismo
5.
J Nat Prod ; 71(2): 246-50, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18166016

RESUMO

A new phloroglucinol, garcinielliptone HF ( 1), possessing an unprecedented skeleton, and the tautomeric pair of garcinielliptone FC ( 2/ 2a) were isolated from the heartwood and pericarp of Garcinia subelliptica, respectively. Their structures, including relative configurations, were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods. The ability of compounds 1 and 2/ 2a to induce DNA-cleavage activity was examined using supercoiled plasmid pBR322 DNA. In the presence of Cu(II), compounds 1 and 2/ 2a caused significant breakage of pBR322 DNA. The involvement of H2O2 and O2 (*-), and H2O2, O2 (*-), and OH (*) in 1- and 2/ 2a-mediated scission, respectively, was established by inhibition or no protection of DNA breakage by various oxygen radical scavengers. Thus, in the presence Cu(II), 1 and 2/ 2a may show a prooxidant effect on DNA and induce cell death.


Assuntos
Benzofenonas/isolamento & purificação , Benzofenonas/farmacologia , Garcinia/química , Oxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Oxidantes/farmacologia , Floroglucinol/isolamento & purificação , Floroglucinol/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais/química , Benzofenonas/química , Morte Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cobre/farmacologia , DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Oxidantes/química , Oxirredução , Floroglucinol/química , Plasmídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Estereoisomerismo
7.
J Nat Prod ; 68(7): 1125-7, 2005 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16038565

RESUMO

A new benzophenone, garcinielliptone FA (1), and a new benzoylphloroglucinol, garcinielliptone FB (2), along with six known compounds, were isolated from the pericarp of Garcinia subelliptica. The structures and relative configurations of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and supported by computer-generated molecular modeling. Compound 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Benzofenonas/isolamento & purificação , Garcinia/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Benzofenonas/química , Benzofenonas/farmacologia , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Software , Taiwan , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
8.
Bioinformatics ; 20(11): 1710-7, 2004 Jul 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14988099

RESUMO

MOTIVATION: Before performing a polymerase chain reaction experiment, a pair of primers to clip the target DNA subsequence is required. However, this is a tedious task as too many constraints need to be satisfied. Various kinds of approaches for designing a primer have been proposed in the last few decades, but most of them do not have restriction sites on the designed primers and do not satisfy the specificity constraint. RESULTS: The proposed algorithm imitates nature's process of evolution and genetic operations on chromosomes in order to achieve optimal solutions, and is a best fit for DNA behavior. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can find a pair of primers that not only obeys the design properties but also has a specific restriction site and specificity. Gel electrophoresis verifies that the proposed method really can clip out the target sequence. AVAILABILITY: A public version of the software is available on request from the authors.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Primers do DNA/química , Modelos Genéticos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Alinhamento de Sequência/métodos , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Sequência de Bases , Simulação por Computador , Primers do DNA/síntese química , Dados de Sequência Molecular
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