Visible-Light-Promoted Selenylation/Cyclization of o-Alkynyl Benzylazides/o-Propargyl Arylazides: Synthesis of Seleno-Substituted Isoquinolines and Quinolines.

A simple and efficient visible-light-promoted selenylation/cyclization of o-alkynyl benzylazides/o-propargyl arylazides have been realized for the practical synthesis of seleno-substituted isoquinolines and quinolines. This strategy provides the synthesis of valuable seleno-substituted isoquinoline and quinoline derivatives via the construction of one C(sp2)-Se bond and one C-N bond within one process.

[ApoE4 increases glycogen synthase kinase 3ß expression and Tau phosphorylation in U87 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relations among apolipoprotein E4, Tau protein and glycogen synthase kinase 3ß (GSK-3ß). METHODS: U87 cells were transfected with pIRES-EGFP (control) or the recombinant plasmids ApoE4/pIRES-EGFP or ApoE3/pIRES-EGFP, and the expression levels of p-Tau/Tau and GSK-3ß in the cells were examined with Western blotting. To further confirm the effect of ApoE on GSK-3ß and p-Tau expressions, a short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting ApoE (ApoE-siRNA) was transfected into U87 cells via Lipofectamine 2000 and the protein expressions were examined 24 h later. RESULTS: Compared with those in the control group, the expressions levels of both GSK-3ß and p-Tau/Tau increased significantly in the cells transfected with ApoE4 and ApoE3 plasmids (P<0.01), and the ApoE4 plasmid produced a more potent effect than the ApoE3 plasmid on the protein expressions (P<0.01). ApoE knockdown resulted in significantly reduced expressions of GSK-3ß (P<0.001) and p-Tau (P<0.01) in the cells. CONCLUSION: ApoE4 can enhance Tau phosphorylation though upregulating GSK-3ß, which sheds light on a new role of ApoE4 in Alzheimer's disease.