Treatment of Perianal Abscess and Fistula in Infants and Young Children: From Basic Etiology to Clinical Features.

Perianal abscess and anal fistula are 2 common anorectal diseases in infants and young children. However, their causes, clinical diagnosis, and treatment remain controversial. Compared to adults, infants with these 2 diseases exhibit unique clinical characteristics. Blind pursuit of conservative treatment or surgery may worsen the condition, resulting in increased pain in young patients and greater economic burden and psychological harm to parents. Therefore, it is crucial to select correct and effective treatments. This review summarizes the relevant literature from the past 10 years and systematically explains the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, and treatment measures of perianal abscess and anal fistula in infants with the goal of providing clinicians a deeper understanding of perianal abscess and anal fistula in infants and summarizing safe and effective treatment methods.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Petaurista elegans caniceps.

The gray-headed flying squirrel Petaurista elegans caniceps is a cryptic mammal which is not well known. Our study sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Petaurista elegans caniceps. The mitochondrial genome is 16 520 bp in size, including 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and 1 control region. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using whole mitogenome sequences with other 14 closely related taxa to assess their phylogenetic relationship. This mitochondrial genome sequence will provide a better understanding for P. elegans caniceps evolution in the future.

Phylogenetic studies of Hylopetes alboniger based on complete mitochondrial DNA sequences.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Hylopetes alboniger was sequenced and reported for the first time using muscle tissue. The mitochondrial genome is 16,584 bp in size, including 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and one control region. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using whole mitogenome sequences with other 15 closely related taxa to assess their phylogenetic relationship. This mitochondrial genome sequence will provide a better understanding for H. alboniger evolution in the future.

[Clinical trial of rectocele repair with longitudinal incision and transverse suture on the vaginal posterior wall].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of rectocele repair with longitudinal incision and transverse suture on the vaginal posterior wall. METHODS: One hundred and forty-six patients with rectocele were enrolled in our study from August 1999 to August 2003. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, and received traditional repair with longitudinal incision and longitudinal suture (control group, n=74) or repair with longitudinal incision and transverse suture on the vaginal posterior wall (study group, n=72). The efficacy and complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In the study group,only one case (1.4%) had no effect, and the total effective rate was 98.7%. The mean course of treatment was (11.0+/- 1.9) days. Only two cases (2.7%) had postoperative complication. In the control group, 8 cases (11.1%) had no effect, and the total effective rate was 88.9%. The mean course of treatment was (17.4+/- 1.6) days. Twenty-nine cases (40.3%) had postoperative complications. There were significant differences in the efficacy and complications between the two groups (both P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: The refined rectocele repair with longitudinal incision and transverse suture on the vaginal posterior wall has good efficacy with shorter curative period and less complications.