Multiscale Modeling of Magnetoelectric Nanoparticles for the Analysis of Spatially Selective Neural Stimulation.

The growing field of nanoscale neural stimulators offers a potential alternative to larger scale electrodes for brain stimulation. Nanoelectrodes made of magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) can provide an alternative to invasive electrodes for brain stimulation via magnetic-to-electric signal transduction. However, the magnetoelectric effect is a complex phenomenon and challenging to probe experimentally. Consequently, quantifying the stimulation voltage provided by MENPs is difficult, hindering precise regulation and control of neural stimulation and limiting their practical implementation as wireless nanoelectrodes. The work herein develops an approach to determine the stimulation voltage for MENPs in a finite element analysis (FEA) model. This model is informed by atomistic material properties from ab initio Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and supplemented by experimentally obtainable nanoscale parameters. This process overcomes the need for experimentally inaccessible characteristics for magnetoelectricity, and offers insights into the effect of the more manageable variables, such as the driving magnetic field. The model's voltage is compared to in vivo experimental data to assess its validity. With this, a predictable and controllable stimulation is simulated by MENPs, computationally substantiating their spatial selectivity. This work proposes a generalizable and accessible method for evaluating the stimulation capability of magnetoelectric nanostructures, facilitating their realization as wireless neural stimulators in the future.

[Refugee Minors from Ukraine and their Families - First Experiences from an Intercultural Practice for Child and Adolescents Psychiatry and an Outpatient Clinic for Refugees/Hamburg]. / Minderjährige Geflüchtete aus der Ukraine und ihre Familien ­ Erste Erfahrungen aus der interkulturellen Versorgungspraxis sowie der Flüchtlingsambulanz/Hamburg.

Due to the Russian invasion in Ukraine, many families were forced to flee to Germany, often having to leave relatives behind.The outpatient clinic for refugees at Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf coordinates the psychosocial and psychotherapeutic care for refugee minors from Ukraine in Hamburg. The intercultural practice for child and adolescents psychiatry offers on-site consultations for children and adolescents in camps in order to provide a low-threshold access to counseling and diagnostics. Diagnostic and therapeutic experiences to this point indicate the contribution of multifactorial stress to the development of symptoms in Ukrainian minors.The threat of war and displacement seems to be only one of many factors. Although there are some remarkable resilience factors for Ukrainian refugee children and adolescents in comparison to refugees from other countries of origin, the forced adaptation to living and studying conditions in Hamburg bears challenges for many. Additionally due to war experiences psychotherapeutic and psychiatric care is frequently needed. On Germany's side, there is a need for action to ameliorate the accessibility to the health care system for refugees and migrants. Support of therapists in this complex working field is thereby as important as advocacy for the needs of minor refugees in German society.

Next generation material interfaces for neural engineering.

Neural implant technology is rapidly progressing, and gaining broad interest in research fields such as electrical engineering, materials science, neurobiology, and data science. As the potential applications of neural devices have increased, new technologies to make neural intervention longer-lasting and less invasive have brought attention to neural interface engineering. This review will focus on recent developments in materials for neural implants, highlighting new technologies in the fields of soft electrodes, mechanical and chemical engineering of interface coatings, and remotely powered devices. In this context, novel implantation strategies, manufacturing methods, and combinatorial device functions will also be discussed.