RESUMO
One hundred and seventeen elderly residents of seven geriatric health facilities located in Tokyo participated in this study. The Mini-Mental State, Metamemory in Adulthood, Geriatric Depression Health Scale and demographic questionnaires were used in face-to-face interviews. The subjects were 32 males and 85 females, with a mean age of 83.08 years. Depression was found to be a key factor for explaining metamemory. Depression accounted for 17% of the variance in capacity and 23% in change. There were no differences between the mild cognitive impairment group and the cognitively intact group on achievement, capacity, change, locus and strategy subscales. When depression was considered as a moderating factor, a difference arose between two cognitive levels. History of stroke was not related to metamemory in this study; however, future studies should emphasize memory awareness in brain injury residents since 41% of the sample had a history of CVA.
Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/complicações , Depressão/complicações , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos da Memória/etiologia , Casas de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/psicologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise de Variância , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Masculino , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Autoavaliação (Psicologia)RESUMO
The construct validity of four empathy instruments were evaluated through examining group differences and correlations between tests. Subjects were 18 registered nurses (RNs) and 32 nursing assistants (NAs). Instruments used were the Empathy Test (Layton, 1979), the Carkhuff (1969a, 1969b) Empathic Understanding in Interpersonal Processes Scale, the empathy subtest of the Barrett-Lennard (1962) Relationship Inventory, and LaMonica's (1981) Empathy Construct Rating Scale (ECRS). The first hypothesis, that RNs would score significantly higher than NAs on all empathy measures, was confirmed (p less than .0003 to p less than .027). The second hypothesis, that the various empathy measures would be positively related, was partially confirmed. The Carkhuff scale was significantly correlated with the ECRS (r = .25, p less than .05). The ECRS and the Barrett-Lennard also were correlated (r = .78, p less than .001). Results are interpreted using Barrett-Lennard's (1981) theory of empathy.
