[Evolution of the immunization coverage of 13 to 14 year-old adolescents in Geneva between four years]. / Evolution à quatre ans de la couverture vaccinale chez les 13-14 ans à Genève.

This study aims to examine changes in immunization coverage for diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, measles, mumps, rubella and hepatitis B during the academic calendars of 2003-2004 and 2007-2008 for students aged 13 to 14 years. Data were collected on an annual basis and systematically from the vaccination records 85% of adolescents enrolled in public institutions in Geneva. The immunization coverage increased for diphtheria, tetanus and polio by 2.3, 2.1 and 1.1 points respectively. Vaccination for pertussis (whooping cough) increased from 20.7% in 2003-2004 to 61% in 2007-2008. Vaccinations administered against measles, mumps and rubella increased by nearly 20 points. During this period, the coverage rate for hepatitis B increased by 10.3 points in 5 years. The recommended vaccination coverage rates are not being achieved for any of the vaccines currently being used in Switzerland, with the exception of those for diphtheria and polio.

Response to treatment and disease progression linked to CD4+ T cell surface CC chemokine receptor 5 density in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vertical infection.

The factors governing interindividual variability in disease progression among children vertically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remain unclear. Because it has recently been shown in infected adults that the density of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) molecules at the surface of nonactivated (human leukocyte antigen [HLA]-DR(-)) CD4+ T cells correlates with disease progression, the same correlation was sought in children. HLA-DR(-)CD4+ T cell surface CCR5 density was constant over time and correlated with the bioclinical stage and with the CD4 cell slope observed before antiretroviral treatment. In addition, CCR5 density was negatively correlated with the intensity of the decrease in viremia during antiretroviral therapy and was positively correlated with CD4 cell slope since birth. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that CCR5 density is a key factor governing disease progression in pediatric HIV-1 infection and, thereby, an indicator of prognosis. Moreover, they suggest that therapies aimed at reducing CCR5 accessibility should slow down HIV disease evolution in children.