Compound Taxus exerts marked anti-tumor activity and radiosensitization effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: Compound Taxus capsule, as an antineoplastic Chinese patent drug, has been increasingly applied as an adjunctive treatment for the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and some other malignancies, but research about its antitumor activity and radiosensitization effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells is very rare. Purpose: To investigate the antitumor activity and radiosensitization effect of Compound Taxus on HCC cells and to preliminarily explore the possible molecule mechanisms involved. Methods: Cell viability, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, DNA damage repair and protein expression levels were detected by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting analysis and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The migration and invasion activities and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation and angiogenesis were evaluated by tube formation and VM formation assay. Radiation survival curves were obtained from the colony formation assay in human HCC cell lines, Smmc7721 and Bel7402 cells, pretreated with or without Compound Taxus before receiving X-ray irradiation. A Bel7402 tumor-bearing mouse model was established and the radiosensitization effect of Compound Taxus in vivo was evaluated by analyzing tumor volume and tumor weight in different groups receiving different treatments. Results: Compound Taxus decreased viability, induced G2/M arrest, promoted apoptosis, suppressed migration and invasion, and inhibited VM formation and angiogenesis in Smmc7721 and Bel7402 cells. Furthermore, Compound Taxus inhibited irradiation-induced DNA damage repair, enhanced the radiosensitivity of Smmc7721 and Bel7402 cells and improved the anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy of irradiation in Bel7402 tumor-bearing mice. Radiotherapy in combination with Compound Taxus showed the best tumor inhibition compared to that of Compound Taxus alone or irradiation alone. In addition, Compound Taxus significantly down-regulated NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65 and Bcl-2, and up-regulated Bax in vitro and in vivo, yet NF-κB p65 overexpression reversed the proapoptotic effect of Taxus on HCC cells, indicating that the NF-κB signaling pathway might be an important signal mediator in the Compound-Taxus-modulated biological responses. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Compound Taxus shows marked antitumor activity and significant radiosensitization effect on HCC cells, making it possible for Compound Taxus to become a promising auxiliary modality for HCC management and a potential radiosensitizer of HCC in the future.

The evolution of hot Jupiters revealed by the age distribution of their host stars.

The unexpected discovery of hot Jupiters challenged the classical theory of planet formation inspired by our solar system. Until now, the origin and evolution of hot Jupiters are still uncertain. Determining their age distribution and temporal evolution can provide more clues into the mechanism of their formation and subsequent evolution. Using a sample of 383 giant planets around Sun-like stars collected from the kinematic catalogs of the Planets Across Space and Time project, we find that hot Jupiters are preferentially hosted by relatively younger stars in the Galactic thin disk. We subsequently find that the frequency of hot Jupiters declines with age as [Formula: see text]. In contrast, the frequency of warm/cold Jupiters shows no significant dependence on age. Such a trend is expected from the tidal evolution of hot Jupiters' orbits, and our result offers supporting evidence using a large sample. We also perform a joint analysis on the planet frequencies in the stellar age-metallicity plane. The result suggests that the frequencies of hot Jupiters and warm/cold Jupiters, after removing the age dependence are both correlated with stellar metallicities as [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Moreover, we show that the above correlations can explain the bulk of the discrepancy in hot Jupiter frequencies inferred from the transit and radial velocity (RV) surveys, given that RV targets tend to be more metal-rich and younger than transits.

The human rights-based approach to sustainable development: Lessons from recent African investment treaty practice.

This paper provides a non-exhaustive analysis of the human rights-based approach to sustainable development (HRBA to SD) contained in the Draft Pan African Investment Code (Draft PAIC), the Southern African Development Community Model BIT (SADC Model BIT), and 37 Bilateral Investment Treaties (BIT) concluded by African countries between 2017 and 2021. The analysis was conducted through an analytical framework that breaks down the investors' human rights responsibility into five key analytical elements: the duty-bearer, the content of human rights obligation, the legal force of the standards, the enforcement of the human rights obligation and the legitimacy of the HRBA to SD. This paper shows that the HRBA has resulted in the linking of investment protection, the incorporation of mandatory human rights, and the promotion of SD goals in some African investment instruments. The paper also suggests that the HRBA to SD has limited influence on treaty practice, as it is adopted by a limited number of intra-African BITs. It appears that the HRBA as adopted in African investment treaty practice has a moderate influence on achieving SD objectives. This article is a valuable contribution to the literature on sustainable development, on "Africanization of international investment law", and on the responsibility of corporations in relation to human rights.

A quantitative study of airway ultrasound in predicting difficult laryngoscopy: A prospective study / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#As common clinical screening tests cannot effectively predict a difficult airway, and unanticipated difficult laryngoscopy remains a challenge for physicians. We herein used ultrasound to develop some point-of-care predictors for difficult laryngoscopy.@*METHODS@#This prospective observational study included 502 patients who underwent laryngoscopy and a detailed sonographic assessment. Patients under 18 years old, or with maxillofacial deformities or fractures, limited mouth opening, limited neck movement or history of neck surgery were excluded from the study. Laryngoscopic views of all patients were scored and grouping using the modified Cormack-Lehane (CL) scoring system. The measurements acquired comprised tongue width, the longitudinal cross-sectional area of the tongue, tongue volume, the mandible-hyoid bone distance, the hyoid bone-glottis distance, the mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle, the skin-thyrohyoid membrane distance, the glottis-superior edge of the thyroid cartilage distance (DGTC), the skin-hyoid bone distance, and the epiglottis midway-skin distance. ANOVA and Chi-square were used to compare differences between groups. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for difficult laryngoscopy and it was visualized by receiver operating characteristic curves and nomogram. R version 3.6.3 and SPSS version 26.0 were used for statistical analyses.@*RESULTS@#Difficult laryngoscopy was indicated in 49 patients (CL grade Ⅲ - Ⅳ) and easy laryngoscopy in 453 patients (CL grade Ⅰ - Ⅱ). The ultrasound-measured mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle and DGTC significantly differed between the 2 groups (p < 0.001). Difficult laryngoscopy was predicted by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.930 with a threshold mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle of 125.5° and by an AUC of 0.722 with a threshold DGTC of 1.22 cm. The longitudinal cross-sectional area of the tongue, tongue width, tongue volume, the mandible-hyoid distance, and the hyoid-glottis distance did not significantly differ between the groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Difficult laryngoscopy may be anticipated in patients in whom the mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle is smaller than 125.5° or DGTC is larger than 1.22 cm.

Head acupuncture combined with exercise therapy for nonspecific low back pain：a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect between head acupuncture combined with exercise therapy and conventional acupuncture for nonspecific low back pain.@*METHODS@#A total of 64 patients with nonspecific low back pain were randomized into an observation group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the control group, conventional acupuncture was applied at Jiaji (EX-B 2) of L1 to L3, ashi point, Shenshu (BL 23), Dachangshu (BL 25), Yaoyangguan (GV 3) and Weizhong (BL 40). The observation group was treated with head acupuncture combined with exercise therapy, head acupuncture was applied at foot-motor-sensory area on the healthy side and Cuanzhu (BL 2), Tongziliao (GB 1) on the affected side, and McKenzie therapy was performed during retention. The needles were retained for 40 min, once a day, continuous treatment for 6 days with the interval of 1 day, 14 days were required in the two groups. Before and after treatment, the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and infrared thermography temperature of pain area in the low back were compared in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS and ODI scores after treatment were decreased in the two groups (P<0.01), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.01). Compared before treatment, the infrared thermography temperature of pain area in the low back after treatment was increased in the two groups (P<0.01), and that in the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Head acupuncture combined with exercise therapy could relieve pain, improve dysfunction and increase the local temperature of pain area in patients with nonspecific low back pain, and its curative effect is better than conventional acupuncture.

Application progress of time-resolved fluorescence in immunoassay / 公共卫生与预防医学

Time resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) is an immunoassay technology developed on the basis of the unique fluorescence properties of rare earth elements. TRFIA combines the advantages of radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoassay and common fluorescence immunoassay. It has high sensitivity, strong specificity, good stability, wider measurement range, long fluorescence life, simple operation and non-radiation, and shows a good prospect in the field of immunoassay. In this paper, several common TRFIA materials are discussed based on the latest research progress of time-resolved fluorescence in immunoassay. The application of TRFIA in immunodiagnosis, food detection, environmental monitoring and so on is elaborated, and its development direction and application are prospected.

Effects of vestibular spontaneous nystagmus on visual smooth pursuit function / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the effects of vestibular spontaneous nystagmus(SN) on the smooth pursuit function of visual ocularmotor system. Methods: A total of 46 patients with acute unilateral peripheral vestibular syndrome with SN (26 cases of vestibular neuritis, 6 cases of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (RHS) with vertigo, 14 cases of sudden deafness with vertigo) were included in this work. In the study group, the results of SPT and SN test with videonystagmography(VNG) were also reviewed. Taking SPT parameters, the influence of SN intensity on SPT gain, asymmetry and waveform and their correlation were analyzed.SPSS19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the 46 patients, there were 36 cases of SN pointing to the healthy side(SN intensity range of 2.68°/s-32.53°/s), and 10 cases of SN pointing to the affected side (SN intensity range of 2.66°/s-16.54°/s). SN intensity was divided into 3 groups, including light(0.50°/s-5.00°/s), medium(5.01°/s-10.00°/s) and strong(>10.01°/s), accounting for 14 cases(30.4%), 18 cases(39.1%) and 14 cases(30.4%), respectively. The differences of the gain of SPT to the fast phase and slow phase direction in the overall groups and light, medium and strong groups of SN intensity respectively were statistically significant(ttotal=13.338, tlight=6.184, tmedium=8.436, tstrong=8.477, all of P<0.001). The difference of SPT gain in SN fast phase direction between groups with different SN intensity was statistically significant(F=9.639, P<0.001),there was no statistically significant difference in SPT gain between the groups on the SN slow phase direction(F=1.137, P=0.330).The SN intensity significantly negatively correlated with the SPT gain of the fast phase direction of SN (r=-0.433, P=0.003), that was, the SPT gain on the fast phase direction of SN decreased with the increase of SN intensity. There was no significant correlation between SN intensity and the gain of SPT on the slow phase direction of SN (r=-0.061, P=0.687). SPT waveform analysis showed that type I, type II and type III accounted for 8 cases(17.4%), 21 cases(45.6%) and 17 cases(37.0%), respectively. The corresponding mean values of SN intensity were (3.71±0.69)°/s, (7.44±1.88)°/s, (20.04±5.53)°/s, respectively, without type IV wave. The intensity of SN was positively correlated with the asymmetric value of the gain of SPT left and right(r=0.450,P=0.002). That was, with the increase of SN strength, the asymmetric value also increased, and the worse the asymmetry of the gain of SPT left and right pursuit was, the worse the SPT waveform was. Conclusion: SPT gain, asymmetry and SPT waveforms are all affected by SN, and the greater the intensity of SN, the greater the influence on the three. When SN is strong, type III waves may occur, suggesting that acute peripheral vestibular syndrome can also affect the visual ocularmotor systems.

Prevalence and association of anxiety and depression among orthopaedic trauma inpatients: a retrospective analysis of 1994 cases.

BACKGROUND: Patients with traumatic injuries are often accompanied by emotional disorders, which seriously impede functional gains. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors associated with underlying anxiety and depression in orthopaedic trauma patients. METHODS: From July 2015 to December 2017, all orthopaedic trauma patients were included in the retrospective study. Patients with conditions that might affect cognitive impairment were excluded from the study. Basic demographic data were collected. All patients were screened for emotional disorders on admission using a simple questionnaire called "Huaxi Emotional-Distress Index" (HEI). Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with a HEI score of > 8. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-two patients (8.1%) had a HEI score of > 8. About 1.0% of enrolled patients had severe emotional disorders (HEI score ≥ 17). The reasons caused by emotional disorders in patients with orthopaedic trauma were a higher Injury Severity Score (ISS), a higher visual analogue score (VAS) and type of surgery. On logistic regression, marital status was a protective factor for emotional disorders, while VAS and ISS were the risk factors for emotional disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Although a significantly low percentage of orthopaedic trauma patients in our setting have emotional disorders, traumatic orthopaedic surgeons still need to pay attention to the risk of emotional disorders and integrate effective screening tools into clinical practice to screen for these factors and stratify emotional disorders. Appropriate targeted psychological intervention and treatment should be adopted according to the stratification of emotional disorders.

Protective effects of carnosic acid against aging in a premature cellular senescence model and in a D-galactose induced mouse model / 药学学报

This study aimed to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of carnosic acid (CA) on delaying aging. The effects of CA on senescence-related β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity and expressions of p53, p21 and p16 were evaluated by an oxidative challenge induced premature 2BS cell senescence model. Meanwhile, the animal experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Hospital. Male C57 BL/6J mice were injected with 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 D-galactose (D-gal) for 8 weeks to establish an aging model in vivo, and CA at 5 and 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 were given ig administration at the same time. Morris water maze test was used to test the spatial memory ability. Then the serum and tissue samples were collected for the detections of malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as well as the protein expression of p53, p21 and p16 in hippocampus of brain. The results showed that H2O2 induced increment of SA-β-Gal activity (95%) was prevented by CA treatment (35%) and the enhanced protein expressions of p53, p21 and p16 in H2O2 exposed 2BS cells were alleviated by CA treatment, suggesting a potent protective role of CA against premature senescence induced by oxidative challenge. For in vivo study, D-gal induced declined spatial memory ability was partly reversed by CA administration. Besides, the serum and cerebral levels of MDA, IL-6, TNFα and AGEs were attenuated by CA treatment when compared to those in model mice. And the protein expressions of p53, p21 and p16 in mice hippocampus were suppressed by CA in D-gal treated mice. Taken together, our results showed that CA protects premature senescence induced by oxidative stress and D-gal, which is related to its antioxidative, antiinflammatory roles and inhibition on non-enzymatic glycosylation.

Spatial distribution and temporal trend of main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 of Wuhan / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate spatial distribution and temporal trend of main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 of Wuhan. Methods PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected at 5 sites in Wuhan from January 2017 to December 2017 (7 consecutive days per month). The main water-soluble ions in PM2.5 were determined by weighing method and ion chromatography. The seasonal variations and spatial distribution differences were analyzed. Results The results showed that the mass concentration of PM2.5 in Wuhan changed in different seasons. It was highest in winter, followed by spring and autumn, and lowest in summer. There were obvious seasonal changes in the mass concentrations and proportions of distinct ions. The concentrations of the four detected water-soluble inorganic ions were highest in winter. SO42- had highest concentration and proportion, followed by NO3- and NH4+, and Cl- was the lowest. In terms of spatial distribution, the total ion concentration and proportion was the largest in Wuchang and the lowest in Dongxihu. Conclusion The seasonal variation of main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 was obvious, and the spatial distribution was also different in Wuhan.

Composition characteristics and chronic health risk assessment of atmospheric PM2.5 pollution in Qingshan District of Wuhan / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics and potential health risks of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Qingshan District, Wuhan. Methods The PM2.5 samples were collected in Qingshan District of Wuhan for 7 days every and each month from the year 2016 to 2017. The components were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The potential health risks were assessed based on the standard method recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Results The average annual mass concentration of PM2.5 was 60.06 μg/m3, exceeding the ambient air quality standard of China. The average annual mass concentration of 4 water-soluble anions and cations was 17.80 μg/m3, accounting for 31.40% of PM2.5. The sum of NO3- and SO42- accounted for more than 70% of the total ions with an average ratio of 0.72, and the source was mainly the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. The average annual mass concentration of 12 metal elements in PM2.5 was 0.27 μg/m3, with the main elements being Al, Pb, and Mn. The average concentration of As and Cr exceeded the annual average limit of ambient air quality standards. The annual average concentration of 16 types of PAHs was 15.72 ng/m3, of which the average BaP concentration was 1.32 ng/m3 in 2016, which was higher than the second-level limit in China, and 0.63 ng/m3 in 2017, which was lower than the limit. The risk assessment results showed that the percentile distribution of chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects of both PAHs and As was relatively high, while Mn had certain chronic non-carcinogenic health risks, and Cr and Cd had certain carcinogenic risks. Conclusion In recent years, the air quality pollution in Qingshan District of Wuhan had been reduced, but it was still higher than the secondary air quality standard of China. The chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects of some elements in PM2.5 exceeded acceptable levels, , which should be further emphasized.

[Study on regularity of Tibetan medicine in treatment of gZav-Grib disease (apoplexy sequelae) based on HIS clinical medical records].

This research is launched to look for the medication rules and characteristics of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of gZav-Grib( apoplexy sequelae). HIS records of gZav-Grib patients were selected from the Tibetan Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region and Tibetan Hospital of the city of Naqu. SPSS Modeler,Gephi and other data mining and visualization software were used to study the actual law of drug use in the treatment of gZav-Grib in Tibetan medicine. Finally,479 cases of gZav-Grib patients in Tibetan medicine were included. Their average age is 63 and average hospital stay was 32 days. In total,82 Tibetan medicine prescriptions were used for treating gZav-Grib. The frequency in the front is Twenty-flavor Chenxiang Pills( 338 times),Ruyi Zhenbao Pills( 322 times),and Seventy-flavor Zhenzhu Pills( 315 times). According to the regularity of Tebitan medicine,they were applied in different time periods including the early morning,morning,noon,and evening,for example,in the early morning: Seventy-flavor Zhenzhu Pills,morning: Ruyi Zhenbao Pills,noon: Eighteen-flavor Dujuan Pills,evening: Twenty-flavor Chenxiang Pills. In the clinical joint,18 groups were found in the 10% support and 70% confidence. There are two prescriptions confidence more than 80% which nature focus on Gan,Ruan,Xi,Liang,Dun,Han,Wen. gZav-Grib of Tibetan medicine can be divided into two types: r Lung-Grib type and k Hrag-Grib type,in which the medicine of r Lung-Grib type takes Seventy-flavor Zhenzhu Pills as the core prescription,while the medicine of k Hrag-Grib type takes Ruyi Zhenbao Pills as the core prescription. It is found that the treatment of gZav-Grib by Tibetan medicine is mainly dominated by the treatment idea about " Therapeutic r Lung and blood,Consideration of venous diseases". Treatment functions is promoting the circulation of Qi,clearing blood heat and getting rid of bad blood,achieving the purpose of treating both principal secondary aspect of gZav-Grib. The research methods based on the HIS can't only optimize the Tibetan treating gZav-Grib sequela treatment plan and rule of medication,but also provide the scientific basis for Tibetan medicine treat gZav-Grib.

[Study on regularity of drug use in Tibetan medicine treating hypertension based on multi-center clinical medical records and "prescription-property-efficacy-disease"].

This study aimed to explore the rule of Tibetan medicine in clinical treatment of hypertension( k Hrag-rLung-stod-vtshangs) and analyze the characteristics of its prescriptions. One hundred and thirty-seven cases of hypertension treated Tibetan medicine were collected. Data mining,Gephi,Cytoscape and other methods and software were used to analyze the characteristics of Tibetan medicine. The results showed that there were 44 cases of r Lung-type hypertension in clinical medical records,while 57 cases of k Hrag-type hypertension. There were 103 treatment prescriptions. The frequency of these prescriptions covered Twenty-five Yuganzi Pills( 96 times),Seventy Pearl Pills( 80 times),Eight Chenxiang Pills( 75 times),and Sanwei Ganlu Powder( 62 times),and they were highly correlated,with confidence greater than 95%. There were 332 prescriptions involved in the prescriptions which is core prescription medicines. This study first proposed the dosage analysis method of Tibetan medicine prescription medicines,and obtained the more dosage of Chebulae Fructus,Phyllanthi Fructus,Aucklandiae Radix,Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum and so on. The correlation analysis of the prescription medicines found that Carthami Flos,Myristicae Semen,Bambusae Concretio Silicea,Caryophylli Flos,Amomi Fructus Rotundus led by Tsaoko Fructus had a high correlation and a confidence greater than 75%. These herbs were guaranteed when Tibetan medicine was used in combination. The key drugs for protecting viscera and regulating the three gastric fires. The prescription is mainly cold,blunt,sparse and rough. Its efficacy focuses on the pathogenesis of blood fever,blood stickiness and venous blockage caused by heat,sharpness,odor and stickiness. It mainly treats Tibetan medicine diseases such as k Hrag-r Lung-stod-vtshangs and k Hrag-vpel( polyemia). It is suggested that Tibetan medicine has a three-in-one invisible treatment principle of " clearing blood-heat,opening vessel and regulating stomach-fire" in the treatment of hypertension,which attributed to both cardiovascular function and gastrointestinal metabolic function. This may be a significant and invisible knowledge of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of hypertension.

Study on regularity of Tibetan medicine in treatment of gZav-Grib disease (apoplexy sequelae) based on HIS clinical medical records / 中国中药杂志

This research is launched to look for the medication rules and characteristics of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of gZav-Grib( apoplexy sequelae). HIS records of gZav-Grib patients were selected from the Tibetan Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region and Tibetan Hospital of the city of Naqu. SPSS Modeler,Gephi and other data mining and visualization software were used to study the actual law of drug use in the treatment of gZav-Grib in Tibetan medicine. Finally,479 cases of gZav-Grib patients in Tibetan medicine were included. Their average age is 63 and average hospital stay was 32 days. In total,82 Tibetan medicine prescriptions were used for treating gZav-Grib. The frequency in the front is Twenty-flavor Chenxiang Pills( 338 times),Ruyi Zhenbao Pills( 322 times),and Seventy-flavor Zhenzhu Pills( 315 times). According to the regularity of Tebitan medicine,they were applied in different time periods including the early morning,morning,noon,and evening,for example,in the early morning: Seventy-flavor Zhenzhu Pills,morning: Ruyi Zhenbao Pills,noon: Eighteen-flavor Dujuan Pills,evening: Twenty-flavor Chenxiang Pills. In the clinical joint,18 groups were found in the 10% support and 70% confidence. There are two prescriptions confidence more than 80% which nature focus on Gan,Ruan,Xi,Liang,Dun,Han,Wen. gZav-Grib of Tibetan medicine can be divided into two types: r Lung-Grib type and k Hrag-Grib type,in which the medicine of r Lung-Grib type takes Seventy-flavor Zhenzhu Pills as the core prescription,while the medicine of k Hrag-Grib type takes Ruyi Zhenbao Pills as the core prescription. It is found that the treatment of gZav-Grib by Tibetan medicine is mainly dominated by the treatment idea about " Therapeutic r Lung and blood,Consideration of venous diseases". Treatment functions is promoting the circulation of Qi,clearing blood heat and getting rid of bad blood,achieving the purpose of treating both principal secondary aspect of gZav-Grib. The research methods based on the HIS can't only optimize the Tibetan treating gZav-Grib sequela treatment plan and rule of medication,but also provide the scientific basis for Tibetan medicine treat gZav-Grib.

Study on regularity of drug use in Tibetan medicine treating hypertension based on multi-center clinical medical records and "prescription-property-efficacy-disease" / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the rule of Tibetan medicine in clinical treatment of hypertension( k Hrag-rLung-stod-vtshangs) and analyze the characteristics of its prescriptions. One hundred and thirty-seven cases of hypertension treated Tibetan medicine were collected. Data mining,Gephi,Cytoscape and other methods and software were used to analyze the characteristics of Tibetan medicine. The results showed that there were 44 cases of r Lung-type hypertension in clinical medical records,while 57 cases of k Hrag-type hypertension. There were 103 treatment prescriptions. The frequency of these prescriptions covered Twenty-five Yuganzi Pills( 96 times),Seventy Pearl Pills( 80 times),Eight Chenxiang Pills( 75 times),and Sanwei Ganlu Powder( 62 times),and they were highly correlated,with confidence greater than 95%. There were 332 prescriptions involved in the prescriptions which is core prescription medicines. This study first proposed the dosage analysis method of Tibetan medicine prescription medicines,and obtained the more dosage of Chebulae Fructus,Phyllanthi Fructus,Aucklandiae Radix,Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum and so on. The correlation analysis of the prescription medicines found that Carthami Flos,Myristicae Semen,Bambusae Concretio Silicea,Caryophylli Flos,Amomi Fructus Rotundus led by Tsaoko Fructus had a high correlation and a confidence greater than 75%. These herbs were guaranteed when Tibetan medicine was used in combination. The key drugs for protecting viscera and regulating the three gastric fires. The prescription is mainly cold,blunt,sparse and rough. Its efficacy focuses on the pathogenesis of blood fever,blood stickiness and venous blockage caused by heat,sharpness,odor and stickiness. It mainly treats Tibetan medicine diseases such as k Hrag-r Lung-stod-vtshangs and k Hrag-vpel( polyemia). It is suggested that Tibetan medicine has a three-in-one invisible treatment principle of " clearing blood-heat,opening vessel and regulating stomach-fire" in the treatment of hypertension,which attributed to both cardiovascular function and gastrointestinal metabolic function. This may be a significant and invisible knowledge of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of hypertension.

A New Quantitative Method of Tibetan Medicine Property ——Construction of “Ro Nus ZhurJes” Vector Structural Model / 中国实验方剂学杂志

“Ro Nus ZhurJes” theory is the core content of Tibetan medicine property theory, and also the core compatibility law of Tibetan medicine. It takes six tastes of medicine as the surface medicinal property, three tastes after digestion by "three gastropyretie" as the inner medicinal property, eight properties and seventeen effects as the deep medicinal property, and its essential property is the special medicinal property, forming a multi-level medicinal property theory, but its internal structure still needs to be unified and sorted out, clinical practicability needs to be further improved. In this paper, literature mining, Tibetan medicine theory, vector structural model, K-means clustering analysis, Gephi 0.9.2 visualization and other methods were used to sort out the theory of Tibetan medicinal properties. It was found that the inherent structure of Tibetan medicine properties had the multi-dimensional structural characteristics of "seven medicinal properties+three characteristics", and that the same medicinal properties would overlap, while the opposite medicinal properties would offset and could be expressed by vectors. Therefore, the vector structural model of "Ro Nus ZhurJes" of Tibetan medicine was proposed in this paper. Taking twenty-five-flavor Yuganzi powder(skyu-ru-nyer-lnga) and 92 commonly used Tibetan medicine prescriptions as examples, the rates of single prescription with seventeen effects and multiple prescriptions acting on three factors were analyzed. The model analysis results were highly consistent with the clinical efficacy, and the main diseases were the same, which showed that this model had a high degree of fitting and interpretation. It could effectively and intuitively quantify the properties of Tibetan medicine prescriptions and uncover the complex hidden knowledge of Tibetan medicine theory. In the future, the vector structural model of "Ro Nus ZhurJes" will be applied to analyze the classical prescriptions of Tibetan medicine, and the fitting evaluation and modification optimization will be carried out continuously in order to improve the practicability of theory of Tibetan medicine property in the big data environment and provide methodological reference for the quantification of medicinal property of Tibetan medicine prescriptions.

Bibliometric analysis on research hotspots on HIV post-exposure prophylaxis related articles in the world, 2000-2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze and reveal the distribution,research hotspots and study trend of worldwide published articles correlated with HIV/AIDS post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP),and provide information for related studies in China.Methods CiteSpace software 5.1 was used to visualize all related papers in the web of science database published during 2000-2017.Results The average growth rate of international PEP-related papers was 10.78％,and number of published papers in 2016 was highest (n=34),relevant research hotspots have shifted from the prevention of occupational HIV exposure to the prevention of non-occupational HIV exposure in group at high risk,such as MSM,in recent years.Clustering analysis classified research hotspots into three categories,including risk reduction through enhanced intervention,current status of global HIV PEP and German-Austrian Recommendation.Conclusions Non-occupational HIV PEP in groups at high-risk,especially MSM,has received increasing attention in recent years,the research of PEP mainly focus on improving the awareness and use of PEP in MSM and compliance in the course of medication.In the context of severe HIV epidemic in MSM without effective control in China,PEP should be strengthened to assess and explore the risk of HIV infection in MSM to provide reference for medical personnel and related departments to implement HIV non-occupation exposure blockade and formulate PEP medication.

Bibliometric analysis on research hotspots on HIV post-exposure prophylaxis related articles in the world, 2000-2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze and reveal the distribution,research hotspots and study trend of worldwide published articles correlated with HIV/AIDS post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP),and provide information for related studies in China.Methods CiteSpace software 5.1 was used to visualize all related papers in the web of science database published during 2000-2017.Results The average growth rate of international PEP-related papers was 10.78％,and number of published papers in 2016 was highest (n=34),relevant research hotspots have shifted from the prevention of occupational HIV exposure to the prevention of non-occupational HIV exposure in group at high risk,such as MSM,in recent years.Clustering analysis classified research hotspots into three categories,including risk reduction through enhanced intervention,current status of global HIV PEP and German-Austrian Recommendation.Conclusions Non-occupational HIV PEP in groups at high-risk,especially MSM,has received increasing attention in recent years,the research of PEP mainly focus on improving the awareness and use of PEP in MSM and compliance in the course of medication.In the context of severe HIV epidemic in MSM without effective control in China,PEP should be strengthened to assess and explore the risk of HIV infection in MSM to provide reference for medical personnel and related departments to implement HIV non-occupation exposure blockade and formulate PEP medication.

Additive Benefits of Twice Forest Bathing Trips in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Chronic heart failure (CHF), a clinical syndrome resulting from the consequences of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is increasingly becoming a global cause of morbidity and mortality. We had earlier demonstrated that a 4-day forest bathing trip can provide an adjunctive therapeutic influence on patients with CHF. To further investigate the duration of the impact and the optimal frequency of forest bathing trips in patients with CHF, we recruited those subjects who had experienced the first forest bathing trip again after 4 weeks and randomly categorized them into two groups, namely, the urban control group (city) and the forest bathing group (forest). After a second 4-day forest bathing trip, we observed a steady decline in the brain natriuretic peptide levels, a biomarker of heart failure, and an attenuated inflammatory response as well as oxidative stress. Thus, this exploratory study demonstrated the additive benefits of twice forest bathing trips in elderly patients with CHF, which could further pave the way for analyzing the effects of such interventions in CVDs.

Clinical Study on Treating Acute Facial Neuritis with Tube Moxibustion Therapy Combined with Routine Acupuncture Treatment / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe clinical efficacy of treating acute facial neuritis with routine acupuncture treatment and tube moxibustion therapy. Methods Totally 100 cases were divided into observation group (50 cases) and control group (50 cases) with random number table method. Both groups were treated with acupuncture on accupoints of Yifeng (SJ17), Dicang (ST4), Jiache (ST6), Xiaguan (ST7), Yingxiang (LI20), Taiyang (EX-HN5), Cuanzhu (BL2) of affected side, Hegu (LI4) of unaffected side. On the basis of routine treatment, observation group was given electronic tube moxibustion therapy, inserting the ipsilateral external auditory canal about 1 cm and waiting for burning out, 20 min each time. Control group received TDP to irradiate ipsilateral ear, 20 min each time. Treatment for both groups were once a day, 5 times as a treatment course, 2 d between each course, for 4 courses. House-Brakmann facial nerve functional index, temperature differences on face and retroauricular skin and ear pain duration were observed. Clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results One and two cases were lost in observation group and control group, respectively. The total effective rate of clinical efficacy was 91.67% (44/48) in the observation group and 75.51% (37/49) in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, House-Brakmann facial nerve functional index in both groups improved (P<0.05), and the observation group was better than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, temperature differences on face and retroauricular skin in both groups decreased, and the observation group was better than the control group (P<0.01). The ear pain duration in the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Tube moxibustion therapy combined with routine acupuncture can improve the symptoms of acute facial neuritis and promote clinical efficacy.