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Natural water pollution and eutrophication are environmental problems that urgently need to be solved. Porous ceramsite could be applied for both water storage and water purification. This research used biomass and dredged silt to prepare water storage ceramsite (WSC), and investigated the adsorption and removal effects of WSC on phosphorus (P), nitrogen ((NH4+)N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results showed that the biomass was mostly burned and partially carbonized during the high-temperature sintering process to form a rich pore structure inside the material. The rich pore structure effectively improved the water absorption to 105.58 %. The abundant specific surface area could provide many attachment sites, which is conducive to the adsorption of target ions by WSC. Further testing showed that WSC could adsorb ions with different charges in different pH solutions. Therefore, this study provides a sustainable solution for the co-utilization of biomass waste and dredged silt, and the application of WSC could reduce the damage caused by extreme rainfall and water pollution.
Assuntos
Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água , Água , Purificação da Água/métodos , Fósforo , Análise da Demanda Biológica de Oxigênio , Nitrogênio , Biomassa , AdsorçãoRESUMO
Objective To do blood donation analysis on detection of anti-HIV in Qinghai Xining area from 2008 to 2013 and im-prove blood recruitment acquisition work .To prevent the occurrence of transfusion transmitted HIV .To ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion .Methods Anti-HIV was detected by ELISA method ,screening positive by Western Blot (WB) for confirmation , statistics and analysis of the test results .Results A total of 201 652 blood donors were detected ,WB confirmed 54 cases of people infected with HIV ,The positive rate was 0 .027% .Infections in the male dominated ,accounted for 90 .7% ,21 - <41 years of age was the high age ,accounted for 68 .5% .ELISA test ,the S/CO value and the confirmatory test positive coincidence rate is propor-tional .A single ELISA reagent and two ELISA reagents proved the positive coincidence rate was 0% and 87% ,54 cases of infection were the anti-HIV 1 ,specific anti HIV with gp160 ,gp120 ,P24 ,P17 were 100% .Conclusion A low prevalence steady trend overall HIV infection in blood donors ,no freedom of occupation and occupation as the main infection ,spread of infection from high-risk groups to the various social groups .Presents the infected population diversity and the popular trend of complicated characteristics . To implement and strengthen the knowledge of AIDS prevention and control in blood donation activities in the propaganda .To fur-ther strengthen the recruitment of various link management and increasing the level of detection .The maximum screen for high-risk donors to ensure the safety of blood .
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Objective To explore the value of anatomical liver resection in the treatment of bilateral intrahepatic biliary lithiasis. Methods We collected the clinical data of 32 patients with bilateral intrahepatic biliary lithiasis who received anatomical liver resection and 25 patients who recevied non-anatomical liver resection from May 2010 to May 2012 in our hospital and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. We comapred the therapeutic efficacy of these two operative modalities in the diagnosis and treatment of bilateral intrahepatic biliary lithiasis. Results The intraoperative blood loss was 436 ±48.162 mL in patients who received anatomical liver resection, and was significantly less than that in the control group (763 ± 37.645ml) ( 0.05 ), but there 1 patients died of liver failure in the control group. Conclusions Anatomical liver resection is a favorable method to completely remove the lesions under the premise of retaining the residual liver function as much as possible. The rate of remnant biliary lithiasis and recurrence is lower and the recovery is quicker in these patients after anatomical liver resection. Thus, anatomical liver resection is worthy of promotion.
