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Objective@#To understand the relationship between childhood psychological resilience and of school violence awareness in rural areas in southern Henan, and to provide support and reference for the prevention and control of school violence.@*Methods@#A total of 6 484 primary school children in grades 4-6 in the rural areas of Dengzhou, Xincai and Gushi counties in southern Henan were surveyed for psychological resilience and awareness on school violence.@*Results@#The average score of psychological resilience of grade 4-6 pupils in rural areas of southern Henan was (39.92±8.18), and the average score of school violence awareness was (60.78±6.19). In terms of age, gender, grade, school type, personality, class performance, academic performance, smoking, intimate friends, playing games, truancy, loitering outside the school, relationship with siblings, father s education, mother s education, parental conflict, parenting style, the proportion of primary school students in different level of school violence awareness varied statistically different (P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression showed, after controlling for confounding factors, psychological resilience was an independent influencing factor affecting awareness on school violence (OR=1.06, 95%CI=1.05-1.08), with better psychological resilience, being associated with higher school violence awareness (P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#The level of school violence awareness and psychological resilience of pupils in southern Henan is relatively low. The higher level of psychological resilience, the higher level of school violence awareness; psychological resilience might be improved through education and household parenting modification to prevent and reduce the incidence of violence on campus.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the UPLC fingerprint for Qinghou liyan granule,and provide reference for its quality control by combining with principal component analysis (PCA). METHODS:UPLC was performed on the column of ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)-0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution(B)(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min,the detection wavelength was 280 nm,column temperature was 30℃,and injection volume was 2μL. Using ellag-ic acid as a reference,12 batches of samples were analyzed,Similarity Evaluation Software for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicinewas used for the similarity analysis and identification of the common peaks,and the PCA was used for common peaks. RESULTS:There were 18 common peaks in the fingerprints of 12 batches of samples,and 6 principal peaks (gallic acid,ellagic acid,naringin,hesperidin,neohesperidin and baicalin) were identified;the similarity degree of 12 batches and reference fingerprints were no less than 0.984. According to PCA,the 18 peaks can be integrated into 3 principal components, with cumulative contribution rate of principal component of 78.277%;baicalin and 16 peaks were the discriminating factors of the fingerprint of Qinghou liyan granule. CONCLUSIONS:The method can provide reference for the quality control of Qinghou liyangranule.
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Objective To optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba by response surface methodology. Methods On the basis of single factor tests, Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology were adopted to optimize extraction conditions with the concentration of ethanol, ultrasonic time and solid-liquid ratio as factors. HPLC was used to determine the content of Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba. Results Optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction technology was as following: the concentration of ethanol was 73%; the ultrasonic time was 22 min; the ratio of liquid to material was 1:32. The contents of Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba were 15.90% and 0.75%, respectively. Conclusion This extraction technology can improve the extraction efficiency of Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba, which is in accordance with predicted value.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the contents determination of gallic acid,naringin,hesperidin,neohesperi-din and baicalin in Qinghou liyan granule. METHODS:UPLC was performed on the column of ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile- 0.1% phosphoric acid(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 0.40 ml/min,detection wavelength was 280 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and injection volume was 1 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.048-0.480 μg for gallic ac-id(r=0.999 3),0.012-0.120 μg for naringin(r=0.999 9),0.016-0.160 μg for hesperidin(r=0.999 8),0.022-0.220 μg for neo-hesperidin(r=0.999 9)and 0.072-0.720 μg for baicalin(r=0.999 2);limit of quantitation was 2.4,1.6,1.8,1.8,1.6 ng,limit of detection was 7.5,5.0,5.6,5.6,5.0 ng;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no lower than 3.0%;recover-ies were 96.64%-102.02%(RSD=2.00%,n=6),95.86%-102.56%(RSD=2.86%,n=6),97.24%-102.54%(RSD=2.10%,n=6),97.44%-102.60%(RSD=2.40%,n=6)and 96.91%-103.13%(RSD=2.62%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid and accurate,and can be used for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid,naringin,hesperidin,neohesperidin and baicalin in Qinghou liyan granule.
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BACKGROUND:Spinocerebel ar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a typical genetic neurodegenerative disease. To establish patient-specific disease models of genetic background contributes to studying the pathogenesis and exploring therapeutic manners. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effectiveness of neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cel lines induced by SCA3 and the stability of CAG copy number. METHODS:Skin tissue of SCA3 patient was obtained clinical y, and specific skin flbroblasts were isolated and cultured. Reprogramming fibroblasts could obtain induced pluripotent stem cel s. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cel s, normal person induced pluripotent stem cel s (NHF) and embryonic stem cel s (ES-10) were induced to differentiate. Flow cytometry was used to compare the efficiency of differentiation. Western blot assay was utilized to detect ataxin-3 protein expression in neurons. Polymerase chain reaction was applied to measure the CAG repeat number of SCA3/ATXN3 gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Induced pluripotent stem cel s that had identical genetic background to fibroblasts were successful y obtained, and had similar morphology and multi-directional differentiation potential to human embryonic stem cel s. Each cel line could differentiate into neural stem cel s. The CAG number did not apparently alter before and after reprogramming as wel as induction of neuronal differentiation. The effectiveness of the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cel s derived from SCA3 into neural stem cel s was lower than that of normal person-derived induced pluripotent stem cel s (NHF) and embryonic stem cel s (ES-10). These findings demonstrate that reprogramming can successful y establish human induced pluripotent stem cel s, and induced the differentiation of above cel s into neural stem cel s. In the whole process, CAG number did not obviously alter, which was consistent with body cel s of patients.
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AIM:To characterize the inclusion complex of volatile oil of Rhodiola crenulata/?-cyclodextrin. METHODS: Some analytical methods,such as DTA,IR,GC,TLC were apllied to the investigation before and after the inclusion. RESULTS: The difference between the inclusion and physical mixture in differential thermal(analysis,) infrared spectra,gas chromatogram and thin layer chromatogram. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of Rhodiola crenulata volatile oil has the characteristic of intramolecular inclusion.
