Zeaxanthin attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice by regulating the p38 MAPK/B-catenin signaling pathway

Background: Asthma is a heterogeneous and complex chronic airway disease with a high inci-dence rate, characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Although the anti-inflammatory effect of zeaxanthin has been demonstrated in various disease models, its explicit role in allergic asthma remains elusive.Methods: An allergic asthma model was established by ovalbumin (OVA) stimulation in BALB/c nude mice. The pathological examination, collagen deposition and expression of α-smooth mus-cle actin (α-SMA) in lung tissues were determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), MASSON and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Besides, the effect of zeaxanthin on inflam-mation and oxidative stress was assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and spectrophotometry measure. Moreover, the underlying mechanism was analyzed by detect-ing the expression of phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), p38, β-catenin, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and JNK with western blot assays.Results: The distinct infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in the OVA-induced asthma mice model with significantly increased concentra-tions of immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13 and eotaxin (p˂0.0 01), which were prominently reversed by zeaxanthin treatment (p˂0.001). In addition, zeaxanthin treat-ment decreased the OVA-induced collagen deposition and α-SMA expression. A similar inhibi-tory effect of zeaxanthin on the oxidative stress was also observed in the OVA-induced asthma mice model, as evidenced by the prominent decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and the remarkable increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S transferase (GST) and Glutathione (GSH) concentrations (p˂0.001). Moreover, zeaxanthin introduction markedly reduced the relative expressions of p-p38/p38, β-catenin and p-JNK/JNK in the OVA-induced asthma mice model (p˂0.001) (AU)

The new 2015 CPR guidelines change and progress / 中国医师杂志

Since the United States released the first AHA CPR guidelines in 1966 since,CPR tech-nology in the world successfully rescued tens of thousands of cardiac arrest patients.After 50 years of devel-opment,CPR technology has become one of the dying patient in cardiac arrest and basic rescue techniques, have a significant impact on emergency aid,particularly released in 2000 CPR and ECC guidelines:evi-dence based medicine and global experts The recommendations become a strong support for the clinical treat-ment regimen.Thus,with the progress of the study to update the guidelines every five years,the medical profession has become concerned about the release point.October 2015 AHA in 《Circulation》journal re-leased new CPR guidelines,the new guidelines more streamlined processes,promote rapid response.The chain of survival outside the hospital and into the hospital,so that treatment mechanism more flexible.Con-firmed the single rescue operation sequence,sure the high quality of the BLS is the solid foundation of ACLS,and further stressed the importance of ACLS team.The purpose of this combined edition 2010 CPR Guidelines 2015 on the basis of new guidelines for comparative analysis,familiar with and master the new CPR guidelines change,so that medical staff better grasp CPR techniques,more scientific and effective res-cue cardiac arrest patients,improve Cardiopulmonary resuscitation success rate.