A Benchmark Dataset and Saliency-Guided Stacked Autoencoders for Video-Based Salient Object Detection.

Image-based salient object detection (SOD) has been extensively studied in past decades. However, video-based SOD is much less explored due to the lack of large-scale video datasets within which salient objects are unambiguously defined and annotated. Toward this end, this paper proposes a video-based SOD dataset that consists of 200 videos. In constructing the dataset, we manually annotate all objects and regions over 7650 uniformly sampled keyframes and collect the eye-tracking data of 23 subjects who free-view all videos. From the user data, we find that salient objects in a video can be defined as objects that consistently pop-out throughout the video, and objects with such attributes can be unambiguously annotated by combining manually annotated object/region masks with eye-tracking data of multiple subjects. To the best of our knowledge, it is currently the largest dataset for video-based salient object detection. Based on this dataset, this paper proposes an unsupervised baseline approach for video-based SOD by using saliency-guided stacked autoencoders. In the proposed approach, multiple spatiotemporal saliency cues are first extracted at the pixel, superpixel, and object levels. With these saliency cues, stacked autoencoders are constructed in an unsupervised manner that automatically infers a saliency score for each pixel by progressively encoding the high-dimensional saliency cues gathered from the pixel and its spatiotemporal neighbors. In experiments, the proposed unsupervised approach is compared with 31 state-of-the-art models on the proposed dataset and outperforms 30 of them, including 19 image-based classic (unsupervised or non-deep learning) models, six image-based deep learning models, and five video-based unsupervised models. Moreover, benchmarking results show that the proposed dataset is very challenging and has the potential to boost the development of video-based SOD.

Clinical effect of modified skin traction in treating chronic skin ulcer / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical effect of cotton pads under stitches when intradermal traction with sutures is used to repair of chronic wounds.@*Methods@#From January 2009 to August 2016, 21 patients with 31 wounds were treated by continuous intradermal traction. Wound edges were sutured with 2-0 silk thread in horizontal mattress fashion, but not tied. Then small cotton pads were put under stitches to protect the skin around the wound. After that, the sutures on both sides of the wound edges were pulled to the center of the wound with a certain force. And the wound was sutured finally when the skin on both sides of the wound was closed enough.@*Results@#All of 31 wounds healed without necrosis of the skin margin and 5 cases of lacerated wound caused by silk thread healed after dressing change. The healing time was (43.24±11.46) days, and there was scarcely hypertrophic scar at the stitches. This method was compared with the previous method of protecting stitches with silicone tubes( referring to past data). There was no significant difference in the healing time between the two methods (P=0.119), and less laceration occurred under the stitches with cotton pads (P=0.046).@*Conclusions@#It is a commendable method for treating chronic wounds to put cotton pads under the stitches while tracting the wound edges with sutures. It can effectively cushion the cutting force of the silk thread, protect the traction point and facilitate the replacement of the pads.

Effect of autophagy in curcumin enhancing chemosensitivity of LoVo cells to irinotecan / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the role of autophagy in the curcumin (Cur) enhancing the chemosensitivity of the colorectal cancer LoVo cells to irinotecan (CPT-11). Methods The LoVo cells were separated into 4 groups:the control group,the Cur group,the CPT-11 group and the Mix group.Western blot assay was applied to determine the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ and P62. LC3-Ⅱ was detected by immunofluorescence method. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the autophagosome. CCK-8 assay was applied to detect the cell growth inhibitory rate of LoVo cells ,which were pre-treated with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA before 24-h treatment of Cur and/or CPT-11. Western blot assay was applied to detect the expression of LC3- Ⅱ and P62. Results The mixed treatment significantly increased the expression of LC3-Ⅱwhile decreased P62 expression,compared with the Cur and CPT-11 treatments. The autophagosomes in cells of Mix group were significantly more than those in cells of the Cur and Cpt group. Pre-treatment of 3-MA significantly reduced cell growth rate in the Cur group,the Cpt group and the Mix group. Pre-treatment of 3-MA significantly decreased the expression of LC3-Ⅱ,while increased P62 expression,compared with the Mix group. Conclution Combinations of curcumin and CPT-11 could enhance the chemosensitivity of LoVo cells to CPT-11,which might be related to the activation of autophagy.

Low Expression of Circulating MicroRNA-34c is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

PURPOSE: The microRNA-34 (miR-34) family is important in tumor regulation. This study aimed to investigate the association of circulating miR-34 family proteins with clinicopathological features and their prognostic value in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cohort study, 173 TNBC patients admitted to First People's Hospital of Shunde from May 1, 2009 to April 30, 2013 were enrolled. Meanwhile, 75 age-matched healthy women volunteers were identified as healthy controls (HCs). We examined the expression of miR-34 family (miR-34a/b/c) proteins in plasma collected from TNBC patients before any treatment was performed and from age-matched HCs using qPCR methods. RESULTS: The expressions of miR-34a/34b/34c were significantly lower in TNBC patients than in HC (p<0.001, p=0.027, p<0.001, respectively). miR-34a was correlated with tumor grade (p=0.038), lymph node positive (p=0.027), distant metastasis (p=0.004), and surgery (p=0.023); miR-34b was correlated with lymph node positivity (p=0.027); and miR-34c was correlated with tumor grade (p=0.017) and distant metastasis (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis displayed low expression of miR-34a as associated with worse overall survival (OS) (p=0.011), as well as miR-34c low expression (p=0.002). In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was performed, and low expression of miR-34c (p=0.011) was found to be an independent risk factor for OS, as well as tumor grade (p=0.013), lymph node positive (p=0.050), and distant metastasis (p=0.021). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study demonstrated reduced miR-34a/c expression is highly associated with tumor progression and indicated worse prognosis. Also, miR-34c was an independent risk factor for OS in TNBC patients.

Learn Sparse Dictionaries for Edit Propagation.

With the increasing availability of high-resolution images, videos, and 3D models, the demand for scalable large data processing techniques increases. We introduce a method of sparse dictionary learning for edit propagation of large input data. Previous approaches for edit propagation typically employ a global optimization over the whole set of pixels (or vertexes), incurring a prohibitively high memory and time-consumption for large input data. Rather than propagating an edit pixel by pixel, we follow the principle of sparse representation to obtain a representative and compact dictionary and perform edit propagation on the dictionary instead. The sparse dictionary provides an intrinsic basis for input data, and the coding coefficients capture the linear relationship between all pixels and the dictionary atoms. The learned dictionary is then optimized by a novel scheme, which maximizes the Kullback-Leibler divergence between each atom pair to remove redundant atoms. To enable local edit propagation for images or videos with similar appearance, a dictionary learning strategy is proposed by considering range constraint to better account for the global distribution of pixels in their feature space. We show several applications of the sparsity-based edit propagation, including video recoloring, theme editing, and seamless cloning, operating on both color and texture features. Our approach can also be applied to computer graphics tasks, such as 3D surface deformation. We demonstrate that with an atom-to-pixel ratio in the order of 0.01% signifying a significant reduction on memory consumption, our method still maintains a high degree of visual fidelity.

Expression and significance of Twist protein in colorectal cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To explore the expression of Twist protein in the colorectal cancer (CRC) and its relationship between clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with colorectal cancer who were admitted to the First People's Hospital of Shunde from June 2005 to September 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.The colorectal tissue specimens from surgical resection were collected.The expressions of Twist protein in the cancer and paracarcinoma tissues were examined by the immunohistochemistry,and their relationship with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients was analyzed.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview until September 2013.The count data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.The survival curve was generated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival analysis was conducted using the Log-rank test.The prognosis factors were analyzed by the COX univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results The expression of Twist protein in CRC was predominantly detected in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells.The positive expression rates of Twist protein in the CRC and paracarcinoma tissues were 62.2％ (28/45) and 20.0％ (9/45),respectively,with a significant difference (x2 =18.383,P ＜0.05).The positive expression rates of Twist protein were 42.1％ in patients with Ⅰ-Ⅱ stage of CRC and 76.9％ in patients with Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage of CRC.The positive expression rates of Twist protein were 41.7％in patients with N0 stage of CRC and 85.7％ in patients with N1-N2 stage of CRC.The expression of Twist protein in patients with CRC was however associated with the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (x2=5.662,9.244,P ＜ 0.05).A total of 45 patients were followed up for 10-96 months (median,54 months).The median survival time and 5-year cumulative survival rate in 45 patients with positive expression of Twist protein were 44 months and 10.7％,which were compared with 69 months and 82.4％ in 45 patients with negative expression of Twist protein,with a statical significance in the survival (x2 =26.147,P ＜ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that the expression of Twist protein was an related factor affecting the prognosis of patients [HR =8.669,95％ confidence interval (CI):2.959-25.390,P ＜0.05].The results of multivariate analysis showed that the positive expression of Twist protein was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients (HR =5.059,95 ％ CI:2.888-8.863,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusiors The increasing expression of Twist protein in the CRC is positively correlated with the occurrence and development of CRC.The positive expression of Twist protein is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients with CRC.

Protective effects of simvastatin on injured dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease rats induced by lipopolysaccharide / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To examine the effect of simvastatin treatment on Parkinson's disease rats induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its mechanism.Methods The LPS-PD model was established by injection of LPS (5 mg/mL) into the right substantia nigra compacta (SNC),and rats were randomly divided into control group,LPS-model group and simvastatin treatment group with 15 rats in each group.Rats in the simvastatin treatment group was intraperitoneally administered simvastatin (5 mg/kg) before,and daily for 14 days after surgery,while the control group and LPS-model group received same volume normal saline and LPS respectively.Ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1)-positive cells and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the SNC were detected by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,respectively.The effect of simvastatin in the PD model was also examined in behavioral tests.Results The LPS-model group exhibited typical animal PD behaviors.Compared with the control group,the LPS-model group exhibited a decreased number of DA neurons,and comparison of the intact side to reduce 81.13％ (P＜0.01) in the SNC,as well as increases in the Iba-1-positive cell number,iNOS,IL-1β and TNF-α expression (P＜0.05).These effects were inhibited by simvastatin treatment (P＜0.05).Conclusion Simvastatin mediates a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in the SNC in the LPS-PD model,possibly by inhibiting glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) activation,and playing an anti-inflammatory role,thus improving substantia nigra function.

Influence of simvastatin on dopaminergic neurons of lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective effects of simvastatin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat model ofParkinson's disease(PD) and the mechanisms involved.Methods:Hemiparkinsonian rat models were induced by stereotaxieal injection ofLPS in the right substantia nigra compacta.After2 weeks of simvastatin treatment, rotational behavior test was performed after the intraperitoneal injection of apomorphine.Expression of tyroxine hydroxylase (TH) and glial fibrillary acidic protein were analyzed through immunohistochemical staining of substantia nigra and striatum, and the level ofTNF-α was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Comparing with untreated group, behavioral symptoms of the rats were significantly less in the rats that received simvastatin treatment.TheTH positive cell count in substantia nigra and striatum were significantly increased(P<0.05) andTNF-α expression was significantly decreased(P<0.05) in simvastatin group compared to untreated group.Conclusions:Simvastatin could effectively inhibit the activation of astrocytes, reduceTNF-α expression, and exert anti-inflammatory effects, and thus protect the dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and striatum of the rat model ofPD.

Study on short-term and long-term effects of PTCSL on hepatolithiasis / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the short-term and long-term effects ofapplication of Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopic Lithotripsy on the treatment of hepatolithiasis. Methods Eighty-threecases of hepatolithiasis were treated with the PTCSL and the other 87cases were treated with the Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy.The general clinical parameters , curative effect in the near future and long-term curative effect were anlyzed. Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in the general clinical parameters (P>0.05). The operation time,intraoperative blood transfusion volume and intraoperatve blood soss in group A were significantly shorter than those in group B(P0.05). No patients died in each group. The results of complications showed thatthe incidence of residual calculi of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (P<0.01). Conclusions Compared with the model of Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy, the PTCSL was more safe, minimally invasive and effective. The short-term efficacy of the model of PTCSL was better than that of the model of Laparoscopic exploration lithotomy.

Application of digital medical technologies in percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy lithotripsy for the treatment of hepatolithiasis / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of medical image-three dimensional visible system (MI-3DVS) in percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy lithotripsy (PTCSL) for the treatment of hepatolithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 66 patients with hepatolithiasis (55 were from the First People's Hospital of Shunde City and 11 were from the Zhujiang Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed.The images of computed tomography were three-dimensionally reconstructed with MI-3DVS.The location,number,size,shape of the stones were figured out,and the operation strategies of PTCSL were designed according to the types of the disease.The clinical value of MI-3DVS was evaluated according to the operation results and postoperative recovery of patients.All the patients were followed up via telephone or out-patient re-examination.Results Liver,biliary system,stones and blood vessels were three-dimensionally reconstructed with the MI-3 DVS,and the size,number,shape,location of the stones and location,degree,length of the biliary stricture and its anatomical relationship with adjacent blood vessels were clearly displayed.The coincidence rate of planned and actual operations was 95.5％ (63/66).The mean operation time,intraoperative blood loss,rate of stone clearance,complication rate and duration of hospital stay of 63 patients were (117 ± 9) minutes,(18 ± 1) ml,92.4％ (61/66),6.1％ (4/66) and (15 ± 4) days,respectively.All the patients were followed up till September 2012,the median survival time was 16 months (range,1-69 months),and the recurrence rate of hepatolithiasis was 9.1％ (6/66).One patient died of tumor metastasis and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome postoperatively.Conclusion MI-3DVS could effectively improve the safety and efficiency of PTCSL for patients with hepatolithiasis.

Human 14-3-3γ gene transfer may protect dopaminergic neurons in rat of Parkinson's disease / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the effects of 14-3-3 γ gene on dopaminergic neurons of PD rat model.Methods 6 hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into the corpus striatum of 60 SD rats to establish PD model.A week later,Ad/14-3-3 γ was injected into the corpus striatum of 16 rats,while PBS and Ad-LacZ were injected into the corpus striatum of 16 and 28 rats,respectively,as control.X-gal dyeing was utilized to examine the LacZ reporter gene expression in the corpus striatum at 3 day,2 week and 6 week.Real-time PCR was utilized to test the expression level of 14-3-3 γmRNA at 2 weeks after Ad/14-3-3 γ injection.Immunohistochemistry technique was used to detect TH positive neurons and fibers in the corpus striatum and substantial nigra.Western blotting was performed to check the expression of 14-3-3 γ in the corpus striatum at 2 weeks and caspase-3 at 6 veeks after Ad/14-3-3 γ injection.High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to examine the contents of DA and DOPAC in the corpus striatum.The rats underwent rotational ethological examination at 1,2 and 6 weeks after the second injection.Results The expression of β-gal,which showed the successful LacZ gene transfection,was found in the corpus striatum of LacZ groups.The 14-3-3 γ mRNA and protein expression in the corpus striatum were significantly higher in the Ad/14-3-3 γ group than in the other two groups.The TH-positive cell ratio of substania nigra to contralateral area in the lesion side was 0.44±0.17 and the optical density (OD) of TH-positive fibers was 0.62±0.14 in the Ad/14-3-3 γ group,both higher than those in PBS group (0.16±0.13 and 0.36±0.15) and LacZ group (0.15±0.09 and 0.30±0.11) (all P＜0.01).The contents of DA and DOPAC in the lesion sides of corpus striatum were increased in the Ad/14-3-3 γ group [(248± 116)ng/g and (752±177) ng/g] than in PBS group [(106±35) ng/g and (724±159) ng/g] and LacZ group [(136±49) ng/g and (765±163) ng/g] (P＜0.01).The DA and DOPAC ratios of the lesion side of corpus striatum to the contralateral side were 0.37±0.14 and 0.38±0.17 in the Ad/14-3-3 γgroup,higher than those in PBS group (0.15±0.08 and 0.13±0.10,respectively) and LacZ group (0.19±0.11 and 0.16±0.09 (all P＜0.01).The expression level of caspase-3 was decreased in Ad/14-3-3 γ group than in PBS and LacZ groups at 6 weeks after the second injection.The turns/min induced by apomorphine in Ad/14-3-3 γ group were 9.4 ± 2.5 at 1 week after the Ad/14-3-3 γinjection,and reduced to 4.6±2.2 at 6 weeks later.While in PBS and LacZ group,the turns were 14.5±4.9 and 13.8±3.5 at 1 week after the second injection,6 weeks later rised to 18.7±5.2 and 20.6± 6.7 respectively,significantly higher than those in Ad/14-3-3 γ group (all P＜0.01).Conclusions 14-3-3γ gene transfer has a protective effect on the dopaminergic neurons and it may be a promising candidate gene for curing PD.

Effect of perioperative intestinal probiotics on intestinal flora and immune function in patients with colorectal cancer / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of perioperative application of intestinal probiotics to substitute oral intestinal antimicrobial agents on intestinal flora and immune function in surgical patients with colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with colorectal cancer undergoing elective laparoscopic radical surgery were randomized to receive preoperative bowel preparation using oral intestinal antimicrobial agents (n=20) or using oral intestinal probiotics (Jinshuangqi Tablets, 2.0 g, 3 times daily) since the fifth day before the operation and at 24 h after the operation for 7 consecutive days. Upon admission and 7 days after the operation, fecal samples and fasting peripheral venous blood were collected from the patients to examine the intestinal flora and serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IgA, IgG, and IgM, NK cell activity, T lymphocytes subsets CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 7 days after the operation, the patients receiving probiotics showed significantly increased counts of intestinal Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus (P<0.05) and significantly lowered counts of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-2, IgA, IgG and IgM as well as CD4(+) cell percentage all increased significantly in probiotics group compared with those in patients with conventional intestinal preparation (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Perioperative application of intestinal probiotics to replace preoperative oral intestinal antimicrobial agents can effectively correct intestinal flora imbalance and improve the immune function of surgical patients with colorectal cancer.</p>

Expressions of LAT and VEGF in normal liver tissue, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and the relationship between them / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the expressions of LAT and VEGF, and the relationship between them in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expressions of LAT protein and VEGF protein in SO HCC, 30cirrhosis and 10 normal tissues were assessed by immunohistochemical method. Results The expressions of LAT and VEGF in cancer tissues, cirrhosis tissues, normal tissues were significantly different. The expression of LAT in HCC tissues was stronger than that in cirrhosis, but the expression of VEGF in cirrhosis was stronger than that in HCC tissues. Conclusion The expression of LAT was not closely associated with the expression of VEGF in HCC. The abnormal expressions of LAT and VEGF were closely associated with the development of HCC. They may play important roles in development of HCC.

Therapeutic of anastomotic leakage in post-esophagogastrectomy / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the therapeutic of anastomotic leakage in post-esophagogastrectomy. Meth-ods There were 18 cases of anastomotic leakage in 127 cases with cancer of the thoracic esophagus who underwent esophagectomy were retrospectively studied. There were ten cases had anastomotic leakage of 67 cases of esophagogas-trectomy from 1995 to 2001 (first phase),the intestines nutrition sustain treatment taked rice water,fish soup and broth, there were eight cases had anastomotic leakage of 60 cases of esophagogastrectomy from 2002 to 2007 (second phase) ,the intestines nutrition sustain treatment taked supportan,fresubin. Results There were six cases death of 10 cases of anastomotic leakage at first phase, and there was any not death in the second phase. Conclusion When anastomotic leakage of esophagogastreetomy,it can elevate the cure rate with early diagncsis and treatment and intes-tines nutrition sustain treatment choose by supportan or fresubin.

The observation of follow-up and application of the prolene hernia system in inguinal hernioplasty of aged patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore applied characteristics of the prolene hernia system(PHS) in inguinal hernioplasty, and management during and after operation, and long-term effect of this kind of hemioplasty in aged patients. Methods 69 aged patients using PHS were followed and analyzed retrospectively. Results Tension-free inguinal hernioplasty with the PHS were performed in 69 aged patients of groin hernia. Operative time ranged from 45min to 160min. Post-operatively, 3 patients developed gentle scrotal swelling, and 20 patients had been adminis- tered anodyne for pain of incision, and 12 cases experienced retention of urine, 1 case developed pneumonia, and 2 cases oeeurred incisional infection and gore. 68 cases of them recovered daily life about 2 to 3 weeks after operation. During follow-up period from 6 months to 77 months,there was no recurrence of inguinal hernia and no pain in in-guinal region, but 2 patients feel discomfort sporadically. Conclusion The PHS strengthens the myopectineal orifice and seals up-area of it,so the system is especially preferred in treating aged patients of groin hernias who have some defectsof anatomic structure in inguinal region. The local anaesthesia is also suitable for this kind of hernioplasty in aged patients.

Protective Effects of Focal Ischemic Preconditioning and HSP70 Expression on Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To systematically evaluate the importance of protein synthesis in ischemic preconditioning (PC)-induced ischemic tolerance (IT), temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)by Longa (20 min) was used for PC (ischemic precondioning). Twenty-four hours of reperfusion was allowed after PC and before permanent MCAO to establish ischemic tolerance (IT) to compare with non-PC (sham-operated) rats (n=5 for each group). Infarct size and neurological deficits were measured 24 h after PMCAO. Samples of brain were taken for the determination of HSP70 expression by Western blot analysis. The effects of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide administered just before PC or administered long after PC but just before PMCAO on IT were also determined (n=5 for each group). Our results showed that hemispheric infarct was significantly reduced (P＜0.01) only if PC was performed after 24 h, and PC significantly (P＜0.05) reduced neurological deficits (similar to reductions in infarct size). Cycloheximide eliminated ischemic PC-induced IT effects on both brain injury and neurological deficits if administered before PC but not if administered long after PC but before PMCAO. PC produced no brain injury but did increase HSP70 protein 24 h after PC. Cycloheximide eliminated that effect. The results suggest that PC is a powerful inducer of ischemic brain tolerance as reflected by the preservation of brain tissue and motor function. PC induces IT that is dependent on de novo protein synthesis.

Intrastriatal Gene Transfer of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Rescues Dopaminergic Neurons in a Rat Parkinson's Disease Model / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To examine the ability of intrastriatal gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 mediated by adenoviral vector to rescue dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD), we constructed recombinant replication-deficent adenoviral vectors carrying the gene of VEGF165 (Ad-VEGF), and injected Ad-VEGF (or Ad-LacZ and PBS as controls) into the striatum of rats 7 days after the lesion by 6-hydroxydopamine. The rat rotational behavior analysis and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry were performed to assess the change of dopaminergic neurons. Our results showed that the rats receiving Ad-VEGF injection displayed a significant improvement in apomorphine-induced rotational behavior and a significant preservation of TH-positive neurons and fibers compared with control animals. It is concluded that intrastriatal gene transfer by Ad-VEGF may rescue the dopaminergic neurons from degeneration in a rat model of PD.

Protective effects of focal ischemic preconditioning and HSP70 expression on middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To systematically evaluate the importance of protein synthesis in ischemic preconditioning (PC)-induced ischemic tolerance (IT), temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by Longa (20 min) was used for PC (ischemic precondioning). Twenty-four hours of reperfusion was allowed after PC and before permanent MCAO to establish ischemic tolerance (IT) to compare with non-PC (sham-operated) rats (n = 5 for each group). Infarct size and neurological deficits were measured 24 h after PMCAO. Samples of brain were taken for the determination of HSP70 expression by Western blot analysis. The effects of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide administered just before PC or administered long after PC but just before PMCAO on IT were also determined (n = 5 for each group). Our results showed that hemispheric infarct was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) only if PC was performed after 24 h, and PC significantly (P < 0.05) reduced neurological deficits (similar to reductions in infarct size). Cycloheximide eliminated ischemic PC-induced IT effects on bothbrain injury and neurological deficits if administered before PC but not if administered long after PC but before PMCAO. PC produced no brain injury but did increase HSP70 protein 24 h after PC. Cycloheximide eliminated that effect. The results suggest that PC is a powerful inducer of ischemic brain tolerance as reflected by the preservation of brain tissue and motor function. PC induces IT that is dependent on de novo protein synthesis.

Intrastriatal gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor rescues dopaminergic neurons in a rat Parkinson's disease model / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To examine the ability of intrastriatal gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 mediated by adenoviral vector to rescue dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD), we constructed recombinant replication-deficent adenoviral vectors carrying the gene of VEGF165 (Ad-VEGF), and injected Ad-VEGF (or Ad-LacZ and PBS as controls) into the striatum of rats 7 days after the lesion by 6-hydroxydopamine. The rat rotational behavior analysis and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry were performed to assess the change of dopaminergic neurons. Our results showed that the rats receiving Ad-VEGF injection displayed a significant improvement in apomorphine-induced rotational behavior and a significant preservation of TH-positive neurons and fibers compared with control animals. It is concluded that intrastriatal gene transfer by Ad-VEGF may rescue the dopaminergic neurons from degeneration in a rat model of PD.

Laparoscopic Total Extraperitoneal Repair for Inguinal Hernia: Reports of 269 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical experiences and efficacy of laparoscopic total extraperitoneal repair(TEP) for inguinal hernia.Methods From April 2004 to August 2006,294 TEP operations was performed on 269 patients with inguinal hernia by using laparoscopy under epidural or general anesthesia.Among the patients,175 had indirect hernia,40 direct hernias,25 bilateral hernias,and 29 recurrent hernias.Results The operation was completed without converting to open surgeries in all the cases.The mean operation time was(63.1?37.5) min,blood loss(12.3 ?8.2) ml,and hospital stay(3.7 ?1.4) d.Of the patients,24 had peritoneal tearing(8.2%,24/269),4 had groin hematoma(2.4%,4/269),and 2 had foreign body sensation(0.7%,2/269).The patients were followed up for 6-12 months(median,9 months),the recurrence rate was 1.0%(3/294). Conclusion Laparoscopic TEP is safe and effective for patients with inguinal hernia.