Psychological factors and oral health during initial outbreak of COVID-19 in China: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate associations between oral health and psychological factors (i.e., depression, anxiety, and resilience) in a group of Chinese individuals who had sought an intervention online during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, online questionnaires were created using online survey software from set items of instruments commonly used to assess depression, anxiety, and resilience combined with an oral health survey. The study was conducted from March 13 to 16, 2020. RESULTS: 568 participants (188 men and 380 women) with a mean ± SD age of 41.7 ± 10.2 years were included in the analyses. In total, 152 (27%) participants were from Beijing, 149 (26%) from Wuhan, 110 (19%) from Shenyang, and 157 (28%) from other Chinese cities. Halitosis and bleeding gums were the most common reasons for individuals to seek an intervention. Compared with other cities, participants from Wuhan showed higher anxiety and depression and worse previous oral health. Resilience mediated the relationship between depression and oral health, but not between anxiety and oral health. CONCLUSION: We hope that the data from this study will inform clinical practitioners and demonstrate that mental health awareness and resilience training are important strategies that may mitigate the negative impact of lockdown and isolation on oral health.

A retrospective cohort study of peri-implant condition in Chinese patients with different periodontal condition and maintenance frequency.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the periodontal and peri-implant conditions of Chinese patients with a history of moderate or severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy patients (PHP); to evaluate the influence of maintenance therapy frequency on the outcome of implant therapy. METHODS: A total of 140 participants with 227 sand-blasted acidetched (SLA) implants were divided into three groups: PHP, moderate periodontally compromised patients (PCP) and severe PCP. The three groups were further categorized into two groups based on the frequency of maintenance (MF): MF ≥ 1 per year and MF < 1 per year. The following clinical parameters of implants were assessed: implant survival/loss, peri-implant probing depth (PDi), peri-implant bleeding index (BIi), peri-implant bleeding on probing (BOPi), implant bone loss (BLi). Comparisons of the peri-implant conditions were performed between the patients with different periodontal conditions. RESULTS: Implant survival rate was 100% for all three groups. The severe PCP group showed significantly higher deepest PDi, mean PDi, mean BIi, and PLIi compared with PHP (p < 0.05). The severe PCP group had more implants affected with PDi ≥ 5 mm and BOPi+ compared with the PHP group (Adjusted OR = 10.89, 95% CI: 2.34, 50.74). In the patients with severe PCP, the MF < 1 per year group had a greater prevalence of PDi ≥ 5 mm and BOPi+ compared with the MF ≥ 1 per year group (Adjusted OR = 8.23, 95% CI: 2.44, 27.78). CONCLUSIONS: The patients in the severe PCP group were at greater risk of peri-implant disease than those in the PHP group. In particular, severe PCP who had poor adherence to maintenance care showed a higher incidence of biologic complications.

[Technical complications rates and plaque control of fixed dental prostheses in patients treated for periodontal disease].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of technical complications of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses in Chinese patients with a history of moderate or severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy patients(PHP) and analyze the effects of interproximal papillae patterns on food impaction and efficacy of plaque control. METHODS: A total of 103 partially edentulous patients treated with implant-supported fixed dental prostheses between December 2009 and December 2012 for a minimum 1-year follow-up period were recruited from Department of Periodontology, Peking University, School and Hospital of Stomatology. Based on the initial periodontal examination, the participants were divided into three groups: 30 PHP, 36 moderate periodontally compromised patients(mPCP) and 37 severe periodontally compromised patients(sPCP). Implant survival/loss, technical complications, plaque index, papilla index, food impaction and degree of proximal contact tightness of each patient were assessed around the implants at follow-up. According to the implant papilla index, the implants were divided into two groups: the "filling" group with the mesial and distal aspects with papilla index=3 and the "no filling" group with at least one aspect with papilla index<3. Data on implant survival, technical complications were analyzed. Comparisons of the incidence of technical complications were performed between the patients with different periodontal conditions with chi-square or Fisher's exact test. The influences of the interproximal papillae loss on food impaction and efficacy of plaque control were estimated with chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: The total implant survival rate was 100%(162/162) for all three groups. Technical complications were as following: veneer fractures(1.9%, 3/162), abutment screw loosening(1.9%, 3/162), prosthetic screw loosening(3.1%, 5/162) and decementation(3.1%, 5/162) in all subjects. No implant/screw fracture was noted. The incidence of technical complications in sPCP, mPCP and PHP did not yield statistically significant differences(P>0.05). The proportion of the implant with the mesial and distal papilla index=3 in the sPCP was less than that in the PHP and mPCP. The interproximal papillae loss did not appear to affect the food impaction and the plaque index in all three groups(P>0.05). However, for the PHP, the accumulation of plaque at buccal aspect was more in the "no filling" group compared with the "filling" group (implant plaque index[M(Q)]: 1[1] vs 0[0]), and for the sPCP, the accumulation of plaque at lingual aspect was more in the "filling" group compared with the "no filling" group(implant plaque index[M(Q)]: 1[1] vs 0[1], (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The patients with a history of severe periodontitis did not exhibit more technical problems compared with the periodontally healthy patients. The interproximal papillae loss did not show a negative impact on the plaque control and food impaction. However, for the sPCP, changing the morphology and the position of the interproximal contact point to reduce the interdental black triangle may lead to accumulation of plaque at lingual aspect. More attention should be placed on the morphology design of prosthesis, but not the papillae filling up the interproximal space.