Animal abuse and interpersonal violence from the perspective of veterinarians from Paraíba State, Brazil / Maus-tratos aos animais e violência interpessoal sobre a perspectiva dos Médicos Veterinários do Estado da Paraíba, Brasil

This study aimed to obtain information about the knowledge and attitudes of veterinarians in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, regarding the care of abused animals, the profile of possible aggressors, and their perceptions of the relationship between animal maltreatment and interpersonal violence. For this purpose, an online survey containing 21 questions was made available to veterinarians registered in the Regional Veterinary Medicine Council of Paraíba (CRMV - PB). The chi-square test with a 5% significance level (p < 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. According to the interviewees, 70.7% (53/75) of the abuse victims were small animals. Negligence (68% [51/75]) and the absence of medical care (68% [51/75]) were the most evident forms of abuse. Furthermore, 82.7% (62/75) of them believed in the relationship between animal maltreatment and interpersonal violence. In addition, 90.7% (68/75) of the interviewees responded that they have not experienced technical difficulty in identifying maltreatment. However, 48% (36/75) stated to not know the animal abuse law, 90.7% (68/75) did not report the aggressors, and 81.3% (61/75) stated that the absence of measures by the competent public bodies makes it harder to report the abuse. This study concluded that these professionals will, at some point in their clinical routine, encounter situations of animal maltreatment and human violence, as they are in a privileged position to identify such acts. However, they need more normative knowledge about animal abuse crimes.(AU)

Objetivou-se com esse estudo a obtenção de informações a respeito do conhecimento e atitudes dos Médicos Veterinários do estado da Paraíba, Brasil, acerca dos atendimentos de animais vítimas de maustratos, o perfil dos possíveis agressores e de suas percepções a respeito da conexão entre maus-tratos animais e violência interpessoal. Para tanto foi disponibilizada pesquisa online contendo 21 questões a todos Médicos Veterinários inscritos no Conselho Regional de Medicina Veterinária da Paraíba (CRMV-PB). Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste de Qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5% (p<0.05). Segundo os Médicos Veterinários entrevistados, 70,7% (53/75) das vítimas de maus-tratos eram pequenos animais, sendo a negligência [68% (51/75)] e a ausência de atendimento médico [68% (51/75)] os maustratos mais evidenciados. Adicionalmente, 82,7% (62/75) deles acreditavam na conexão entre maustratos animais e violência interpessoal e 90,7% (68/75) responderam não sentir dificuldade técnica em identificar maus-tratos, porém, 48% (36/75) não conheciam a lei que trata sobre os maus-tratos animais, 90,7% (68/75) não realizaram denúncia contra os agressores, e 81,3% (61/75) afirmaram que a ausência de providências por parte dos órgãos públicos competentes dificulta a denúncia. Conclui-se que esses profissionais irão em algum momento de sua rotina clínica se deparar com situações de maus-tratos a animais e violência humana, pois estão em posição privilegiada para identificar tais atos, entretanto, precisam de mais conhecimento normativo sobre os crimes de maus-tratos aos animais.(AU)

Avaliação do bloqueio bilateral do tronco do nervo pudendo em gatos com obstrução uretral / Assessment of the bilateral block of the trunk of the pudendal nerve in cats with urethral obstruction

Background: Clinical care of cats with urethral obstruction is a common routine in feline clinical medicine and the re-establishment of urinary flow is essential for long-lasting correction of the pathophysiological alterations presented. For this chemical restraint is usually employed, that together with the alteration, increases the anesthetic risk of these patients. Improvement in anesthetic techniques, especially the loco-regional, may contribute to reducing the anesthetic risk of these patients and facilitate maneuvers to clear the obstruction. Thus the objective of the present study was to describe and assess the bilateral block technique of the pudendal nerve in 16 cats with urethral obstruction.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixteen male crossbred cats were used, with partial or total urethral obstruction, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. The anesthetic block of the pudendal nerve trunk was carried out by placing the local anesthetic close to the ventral foramen of the second sacral vertebra, using a 13 x 0.45 mm needle attached to a 1 mL syringe. To assess the effectiveness of the bilateral block, the analgesia promoted was assessed using the substitute (“Reaction to Palpating the Surgical Wound” of subscale 1 (pain expression) of the “Compound Multi-dimensional Scale to Assess Post Operational Pain in Cats”. This assessment was made before the bilateral block (M0) and 10 min afterwards (M1) and the scores ranged from 0 to 3. In addition, a segmental assessment of the urethra was made, where, by passing a probe the sensitivity was assessed of the urethral ostium, penile and pelvic urethra and the relaxing of the external urethral sphincter. This assessment was made at M1 and classified as present or absent.[...]

Avaliação do bloqueio bilateral do tronco do nervo pudendo em gatos com obstrução uretral / Assessment of the bilateral block of the trunk of the pudendal nerve in cats with urethral obstruction

Background: Clinical care of cats with urethral obstruction is a common routine in feline clinical medicine and the re-establishment of urinary flow is essential for long-lasting correction of the pathophysiological alterations presented. For this chemical restraint is usually employed, that together with the alteration, increases the anesthetic risk of these patients. Improvement in anesthetic techniques, especially the loco-regional, may contribute to reducing the anesthetic risk of these patients and facilitate maneuvers to clear the obstruction. Thus the objective of the present study was to describe and assess the bilateral block technique of the pudendal nerve in 16 cats with urethral obstruction.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixteen male crossbred cats were used, with partial or total urethral obstruction, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. The anesthetic block of the pudendal nerve trunk was carried out by placing the local anesthetic close to the ventral foramen of the second sacral vertebra, using a 13 x 0.45 mm needle attached to a 1 mL syringe. To assess the effectiveness of the bilateral block, the analgesia promoted was assessed using the substitute (“Reaction to Palpating the Surgical Wound” of subscale 1 (pain expression) of the “Compound Multi-dimensional Scale to Assess Post Operational Pain in Cats”. This assessment was made before the bilateral block (M0) and 10 min afterwards (M1) and the scores ranged from 0 to 3. In addition, a segmental assessment of the urethra was made, where, by passing a probe the sensitivity was assessed of the urethral ostium, penile and pelvic urethra and the relaxing of the external urethral sphincter. This assessment was made at M1 and classified as present or absent.[...](AU)

Tumor venéreo trasmissível canino em mucosa vaginal com metástase em pele e globo ocular / Transmissible venereal tumor canine in vaginal mucosa with metastasis on the skin and eye ball

A six year old bitch had ulcerated, friable, easily bleeding masses similar to cauli flower in submucosa in the dorsum-posterior region of the vagina at the junction with the vestibule. The lesion was submitted to cytopathological examination by imprint and vaginal TVT was diagnosed. After twenty days the animal returned to the Medical Clinic with lesions on the skin and in the eyeball, again the lesions were submitted to cytopathological examination by fine needle aspiration (FNA) and scraping of the conjunctiva by Swab, where the definitive diagnosis was TVT, the microscopic characteristic of the three lesions were similar. The treatment was performed with vincristine sulfate; from the second application there was tumor regression and progressive clinical improvement.(AU)

Perfil hematológico de cães com sarna demodécica atendidos no Hospital Veterinário de Patos Paraíba / Hematologic profile of dogs with demodectic mange treated at the veterinary hospital of Patos Paraíba

Canine demodicyosis is a parasitic skin problem commonly found in dogs caused by theproliferation of follicular mites of the Demodex canis species. Clinical laboratory tests inyoung dogs with demodicides usually do not show consistent abnormalities, however, suchabnormalities do appear in such chronic diseases as anemia, with elevations in leukocytenumbers, hyperglobulinemia, and depressed thyroid hormone concentrations, which arefound in many dogs. We analyzed the hemogram of 36 dogs diagnosed with demodecticmange that were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of CampinaGrande, in the municipality of Patos. Among hematological changes, thrombocytopenia(40.9%), anemia (68.2%), neutrophilia (27.3%), eosinophilia (27.3%) and lymphopenia(36.4%) were found to be more prevalent. We can conclude that all the animals of thepresent study had alterations in some aspect of the hematological profile.Palavras-chave: hematologia; dermatopatia; ácaros; Demodex spp.(AU)

Perfil hematológico de cães com sarna demodécica atendidos no Hospital Veterinário de Patos – Paraíba / Hematologic profile of dogs with demodectic mange treated at the veterinary hospital of Patos – Paraíba

Canine demodicyosis is a parasitic skin problem commonly found in dogs caused by theproliferation of follicular mites of the Demodex canis species. Clinical laboratory tests inyoung dogs with demodicides usually do not show consistent abnormalities, however, suchabnormalities do appear in such chronic diseases as anemia, with elevations in leukocytenumbers, hyperglobulinemia, and depressed thyroid hormone concentrations, which arefound in many dogs. We analyzed the hemogram of 36 dogs diagnosed with demodecticmange that were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of CampinaGrande, in the municipality of Patos. Among hematological changes, thrombocytopenia(40.9%), anemia (68.2%), neutrophilia (27.3%), eosinophilia (27.3%) and lymphopenia(36.4%) were found to be more prevalent. We can conclude that all the animals of thepresent study had alterations in some aspect of the hematological profile.Palavras-chave: hematologia; dermatopatia; ácaros; Demodex spp.

Tumor venéreo trasmissível canino em mucosa vaginal com metástase em pele e globo ocular / Transmissible venereal tumor canine in vaginal mucosa with metastasis on the skin and eye ball

A six year old bitch had ulcerated, friable, easily bleeding masses similar to cauli flower in submucosa in the dorsum-posterior region of the vagina at the junction with the vestibule. The lesion was submitted to cytopathological examination by imprint and vaginal TVT was diagnosed. After twenty days the animal returned to the Medical Clinic with lesions on the skin and in the eyeball, again the lesions were submitted to cytopathological examination by fine needle aspiration (FNA) and scraping of the conjunctiva by Swab, where the definitive diagnosis was TVT, the microscopic characteristic of the three lesions were similar. The treatment was performed with vincristine sulfate; from the second application there was tumor regression and progressive clinical improvement.