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2.
Hypertens Res ; 47(7): 1908-1924, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750218

RESUMO

Phenotypic shift of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a key role in intimal hyperplasia, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to investigate the role of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in mitochondrial fission-mediated VSMC phenotypic shift and to clarify whether DRP1 is the therapeutic target of isoliquiritigenin (ISL). Wire injury of carotid artery or platelet-derived growth factor treatment was performed in DM mice or high-glucose cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), respectively. The effects of DRP1 silencing on DM-induced intimal hyperplasia were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Phenotypic shift of HASMCs was evaluated by detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell viability, and related protein expressions. The effects of ISL on DM-induced intimal hyperplasia were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. DRP1 silencing and ISL treatment attenuated DM-induced intimal hyperplasia with reduced ROS generation, cell viability, and VSMC dedifferentiation. The GTPase domain of DRP1 protein played a critical role in mitochondrial fission in DM-induced VSMC phenotypic shift. Cellular experiments showed that ISL inhibited mitochondrial fission and reduced the GTPase activity of DRP1, which was achieved by the directly binding to K216 of the DRP1 GTPase domain. ISL attenuated mouse intimal hyperplasia by reducing GTPase activity of DRP1 and inhibiting mitochondrial fission in vivo. In conclusion, increased GTPase activity of DRP1 aggregated DM-induced intimal hyperplasia by increasing mitochondrial fission-mediated VSMC phenotypic shift. ISL attenuated mouse intimal hyperplasia by reducing DRP1 GTPase activity and inhibiting mitochondrial fission of VSMCs.


Assuntos
Chalconas , Dinaminas , Hiperplasia , Dinâmica Mitocondrial , Animais , Dinâmica Mitocondrial/efeitos dos fármacos , Dinaminas/metabolismo , Chalconas/farmacologia , Chalconas/uso terapêutico , Camundongos , Humanos , Masculino , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/patologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Túnica Íntima/efeitos dos fármacos , Túnica Íntima/patologia , Túnica Íntima/metabolismo
3.
World J Urol ; 42(1): 302, 2024 May 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38720010

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced (CE) ultrasound using Sonazoid (SNZ-CEUS) by comparing with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) for differentiating benign and malignant renal masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 306 consecutive patients (from 7 centers) with renal masses (40 benign tumors, 266 malignant tumors) diagnosed by both SNZ-CEUS, CE-CT or CE-MRI were enrolled between September 2020 and February 2021. The examinations were performed within 7 days, but the sequence was not fixed. Histologic results were available for 301 of 306 (98.37%) lesions and 5 lesions were considered benign after at least 2 year follow-up without change in size and image characteristics. The diagnostic performances were evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and compared by McNemar's test. RESULTS: In the head-to-head comparison, SNZ-CEUS and CE-MRI had comparable sensitivity (95.60 vs. 94.51%, P = 0.997), specificity (65.22 vs. 73.91%, P = 0.752), positive predictive value (91.58 vs. 93.48%) and negative predictive value (78.95 vs. 77.27%); SNZ-CEUS and CE-CT showed similar sensitivity (97.31 vs. 96.24%, P = 0.724); however, SNZ-CEUS had relatively lower than specificity than CE-CT (59.09 vs. 68.18%, P = 0.683). For nodules > 4 cm, CE-MRI demonstrated higher specificity than SNZ-CEUS (90.91 vs. 72.73%, P = 0.617) without compromise the sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: SNZ-CEUS, CE-CT, and CE-MRI demonstrate desirable and comparable sensitivity for the differentiation of renal mass. However, the specificity of all three imaging modalities is not satisfactory. SNZ-CEUS may be a suitable alternative modality for patients with renal dysfunction and those allergic to gadolinium or iodine-based agents.


Assuntos
Meios de Contraste , Compostos Férricos , Ferro , Neoplasias Renais , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Óxidos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ultrassonografia , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Idoso , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais
4.
Mol Med ; 30(1): 58, 2024 May 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38720283

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification (VC) is a complication in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Osteogenic phenotype switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a critical role in diabetes-related VC. Mitophagy can inhibit phenotype switching in VSMCs. This study aimed to investigate the role of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exendin 4 (EX4) in mitophagy-induced phenotype switching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The status of VC in T2DM mice was monitored using Von Kossa and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining in mouse aortic tissue. Human aortic smooth muscle cells were cultured in high glucose (HG) and ß-glycerophosphate (ß-GP) conditioned medium. Accumulation of LC3B and p62 was detected in the mitochondrial fraction. The effect of EX4 in vitro and in vivo was investigated by knocking down AMPKα1. RESULTS: In diabetic VC mice, EX4 decreased the percentage of von Kossa/ARS positive area. EX4 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of HG/ß-GP-induced VSMCs. In HG/ß-GP-induced VSMCs, the number of mitophagosomes was increased, whereas the addition of EX4 restored mitochondrial function, increased the number of mitophagosome-lysosome fusions, and reduced p62 in mitochondrial frictions. EX4 increased the phosphorylation of AMPKα (Thr172) and ULK1 (Ser555) in HG/ß-GP-induced VSMCs. After knockdown of AMPKα1, ULK1 could not be activated by EX4. The accumulation of LC3B and p62 could not be reduced after AMPKα1 knockdown. Knockdown of AMPKα1 negated the therapeutic effects of EX4 on VC of diabetic mice. CONCLUSION: EX4 could promote mitophagy by activating the AMPK signaling pathway, attenuate insufficient mitophagy, and thus inhibit the osteogenic phenotype switching of VSMCs.


Assuntos
Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP , Exenatida , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1 , Mitofagia , Transdução de Sinais , Calcificação Vascular , Animais , Mitofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Calcificação Vascular/etiologia , Calcificação Vascular/metabolismo , Calcificação Vascular/tratamento farmacológico , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1/agonistas , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1/metabolismo , Masculino , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Humanos , Exenatida/farmacologia , Exenatida/uso terapêutico , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/patologia , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
5.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 9954, 2024 04 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38688992

RESUMO

The rising sentiment challenges of the metropolitan residents may be attributed to the extreme temperatures. However, nationwide real-time empirical studies that examine this claim are rare. In this research, we construct a daily extreme temperature index and sentiment metric using geotagged posts on one of China's largest social media sites, Weibo, to verify this hypothesis. We find that extreme temperatures causally decrease individuals' sentiment, and extremely low temperature may decrease more than extremely high temperature. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that individuals living in high levels of PM2.5, existing new COVID-19 diagnoses and low-disposable income cities on workdays are more vulnerable to the impact of extreme temperatures on sentiment. More importantly, the results also demonstrate that the adverse effects of extremely low temperatures on sentiment are more minor for people living in northern cities with breezes. Finally, we estimate that with a one-standard increase of extremely high (low) temperature, the sentiment decreases by approximately 0.161 (0.272) units. Employing social media to monitor public sentiment can assist policymakers in developing data-driven and evidence-based policies to alleviate the adverse impacts of extreme temperatures.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Cidades , Mídias Sociais , China , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , Opinião Pública , Temperatura
6.
Abdom Radiol (NY) ; 49(5): 1419-1431, 2024 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38461433

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To develop a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) clinic-radiomics nomogram for individualized assessment of Ki-67 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A retrospective cohort comprising 310 HCC individuals who underwent preoperative CEUS (using SonoVue) at three different centers was partitioned into a training set, a validation set, and an external test set. Radiomics signatures indicating the phenotypes of the Ki-67 were extracted from multiphase CEUS images. The radiomics score (Rad-score) was calculated accordingly after feature selection and the radiomics model was constructed. A clinic-radiomics nomogram was established utilizing multiphase CEUS Rad-score and clinical risk factors. A clinical model only incorporated clinical factors was also developed for comparison. Regarding clinical utility, calibration, and discrimination, the predictive efficiency of the clinic-radiomics nomogram was evaluated. RESULTS: Seven radiomics signatures from multiphase CEUS images were selected to calculate the Rad-score. The clinic-radiomics nomogram, comprising the Rad-score and clinical risk factors, indicated a good calibration and demonstrated a better discriminatory capacity compared to the clinical model (AUCs: 0.870 vs 0.797, 0.872 vs 0.755, 0.856 vs 0.749 in the training, validation, and external test set, respectively) and the radiomics model (AUCs: 0.870 vs 0.752, 0.872 vs 0.733, 0.856 vs 0.729 in the training, validation, and external test set, respectively). Furthermore, both the clinical impact curve and the decision curve analysis displayed good clinical application of the nomogram. CONCLUSION: The clinic-radiomics nomogram constructed from multiphase CEUS images and clinical risk parameters can distinguish Ki-67 expression in HCC patients and offer useful insights to guide subsequent personalized treatment.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Meios de Contraste , Antígeno Ki-67 , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Nomogramas , Ultrassonografia , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Idoso , Adulto , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Radiômica
8.
Acad Radiol ; 2024 Mar 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453602

RESUMO

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare superb microvascular imaging (SMI)-based radiomics methods, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-based radiomics methods to the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) for classifying thyroid nodules (TNs) and reducing unnecessary fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled a dataset of 472 pathologically confirmed TNs. Radiomics characteristics were extracted from B-mode ultrasound (BMUS), SMI, and CEUS images, respectively. After eliminating redundant features, four radiomics scores (Rad-scores) were constructed. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, four radiomics prediction models incorporating Rad-score and corresponding US features were constructed and validated in terms of discrimination, calibration, decision curve analysis, and unnecessary FNAB rate. RESULTS: The diagnostic performance of the BMUS + SMI radiomics method was better than ACR TI-RADS (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.875 vs. 0.689 for the training cohort, 0.879 vs. 0.728 for the validation cohort) (P < 0.05), and comparable with BMUS + CEUS radiomics method (AUC: 0.875 vs. 0.878 for the training cohort, 0.879 vs. 0.865 for the validation cohort) (P > 0.05). Decision curve analysis showed that the BMUS+SMI radiomics method could achieve higher net benefits than the BMUS radiomics method and ACR TI-RADS when the threshold probability was between 0.13 and 0.88 in the entire cohort. When applying the BMUS+SMI radiomics method, the unnecessary FNAB rate reduced from 43.4% to 13.9% in the training cohort and from 45.6% to 18.0% in the validation cohorts in comparison to ACR TI-RADS. CONCLUSION: The dual-modal SMI-based radiomics method is convenient and economical and can be an alternative to the dual-modal CEUS-based radiomics method in helping radiologists select the optimal clinical strategy for TN management.

9.
Acta Radiol ; 65(5): 470-481, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38321752

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Accurate differentiation of extremity soft-tissue tumors (ESTTs) is important for treatment planning. PURPOSE: To develop and validate an ultrasound (US) image-based radiomics signature to predict ESTTs malignancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A dataset of US images from 108 ESTTs were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the training cohort (78 ESTTs) and validation cohort (30 ESTTs). A total of 1037 radiomics features were extracted from each US image. The most useful predictive radiomics features were selected by the maximum relevance and minimum redundancy method, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator algorithm in the training cohort. A US-based radiomics signature was built based on these selected radiomics features. In addition, a conventional radiologic model based on the US features from the interpretation of two experienced radiologists was developed by a multivariate logistic regression algorithm. The diagnostic performances of the selected radiomics features, the US-based radiomics signature, and the conventional radiologic model for differentiating ESTTs were evaluated and compared in the validation cohort. RESULTS: In the validation cohort, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of the US-based radiomics signature for predicting ESTTs malignancy were 0.866, 84.2%, and 81.8%, respectively. The US-based radiomics signature had better diagnostic predictability for predicting ESTT malignancy than the best single radiomics feature and the conventional radiologic model (AUC = 0.866 vs. 0.719 vs. 0.681 for the validation cohort, all P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The US-based radiomics signature could provide a potential imaging biomarker to accurately predict ESTT malignancy.


Assuntos
Extremidades , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles , Ultrassonografia , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto , Extremidades/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto Jovem , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Adolescente , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Radiômica
10.
Quant Imaging Med Surg ; 14(1): 408-420, 2024 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38223085

RESUMO

Background: The status of the axillary lymph node (ALN) in patients with breast cancer can critically inform clinical decision-making and prognosis. Preoperative evaluation of limited nodal burden (0-2 metastatic ALNs) and high nodal burden (≥3 metastatic ALNs) is vital for individual treatment in patients with breast cancer. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the value of Angio-PLUS (AP; Aixplorer, SuperSonic Imagine) and the qualitative and quantitative shear-wave elastography (SWE) of breast lesions to predict limited or high axillary nodal burden and to develop a model for predicting limited or high axillary nodal burden. Methods: From March 2020 to November 2022, a total of 232 consecutive patients with breast cancer comprising 232 breast lesions were enrolled retrospectively from Yueyang Central Hospital. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of AP, qualitative SWE, quantitative SWE, and the predictive model for evaluating limited or high axillary nodal burden were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in AP patterns between the limited nodal burden group and high nodal burden group. The best cutoff values of Emin (the minimal value of the first Q-box), Emean (the mean value of the first Q-box), Emax (the maximum value of the first Q-box), Eratio (ratio of the first Q-Box and the second Q-Box) and standard deviation for predicting limited or high nodal burden were 80.85 KPa, 133.45 KPa, 153.40 KPa, 9.95, and 19.25 KPa, respectively. The Emax had the highest AUC, and its sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and AUC were 71.64%, 56.36%, 40.00%, 83.04%, 60.78%, and 0.640 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.575-0.702], respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and AUC of seven color patterns for qualitative SWE were 71.64%, 74.55%, 53.33%, 86.62%, 73.71%, and 0.731 (95% CI: 0.669-0.787), respectively, which was significantly higher than all the other quantitative SWE parameters. ALN evaluation in ultrasound and qualitative SWE were independent risk factors for predicting limited or high nodal burden according to a binary logistics regression analysis. The AUC of the predictive model based on independent risk factors was 0.820 (95% CI: 0.765-0.867), which was significantly higher than that of the other independent risk factors. Conclusions: The seven color patterns in the qualitative SWE of breast lesions were valuable for predicting limited or high nodal burden for patients with breast cancer. Compared with quantitative SWE, qualitative SWE exhibited a better diagnostic performance. Breast lesions present no findings, vertical stripes, and spot patterns were important indicators for limited nodal burden. The predictive model developed in this study could be a simple, noninvasive, and convenient method for predicting limited or high nodal burden, which would be beneficial for clinical decision-making and individual treatment to improve prognosis.

11.
Med Ultrason ; 2024 Jan 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38244219

RESUMO

The diagnosis or rare, non-hematologic malignant lesions of the liver may be a challenge owing to the rarity of the disease, and is usually made by histological confirmation. Ultrasound with color Doppler and contrast-enhanced, if required, taking into account the clinical background of the patient, may help to focus the differential diagnosis. In this review, we describe the pathological and ultrasound features of rare malignant neuroendocrine and predominantly epithelioid liver lesions including primary neuroendocrine tumor of the liver, Invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm of the liver, and also hepatoblastoma.

12.
Cancer Imaging ; 24(1): 17, 2024 Jan 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38263209

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS, TR) 4 and 5 thyroid nodules (TNs) demonstrate much more complicated and overlapping risk characteristics than TR1-3 and have a rather wide range of malignancy possibilities (> 5%), which may cause overdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. This study was designed to establish and validate a dual-modal ultrasound (US) radiomics nomogram integrating B-mode ultrasound (BMUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging to improve differential diagnostic accuracy and reduce unnecessary fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) rates in TR 4-5 TNs. METHODS: A retrospective dataset of 312 pathologically confirmed TR4-5 TNs from 269 patients was collected for our study. Data were randomly divided into a training dataset of 219 TNs and a validation dataset of 93 TNs. Radiomics characteristics were derived from the BMUS and CEUS images. After feature reduction, the BMUS and CEUS radiomics scores (Rad-score) were built. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted incorporating both Rad-scores and clinical/US data, and a radiomics nomogram was subsequently developed. The performance of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated using calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness, and the unnecessary FNAB rate was also calculated. RESULTS: BMUS Rad-score, CEUS Rad-score, age, shape, margin, and enhancement direction were significant independent predictors associated with malignant TR4-5 TNs. The radiomics nomogram involving the six variables exhibited excellent calibration and discrimination in the training and validation cohorts, with an AUC of 0.873 (95% CI, 0.821-0.925) and 0.851 (95% CI, 0.764-0.938), respectively. The marked improvements in the net reclassification index and integrated discriminatory improvement suggested that the BMUS and CEUS Rad-scores could be valuable indicators for distinguishing benign from malignant TR4-5 TNs. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that our developed radiomics nomogram was an instrumental tool for clinical decision-making. Using the radiomics nomogram, the unnecessary FNAB rate decreased from 35.3 to 14.5% in the training cohort and from 41.5 to 17.7% in the validation cohorts compared with ACR TI-RADS. CONCLUSION: The dual-modal US radiomics nomogram revealed superior discrimination accuracy and considerably decreased unnecessary FNAB rates in benign and malignant TR4-5 TNs. It could guide further examination or treatment options.


Assuntos
Radiômica , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Nomogramas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Biópsia
13.
Med Ultrason ; 26(1): 50-62, 2024 Mar 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37632826

RESUMO

Improved detection and characterization of common focal liver lesions (FLL) are the main topics of the World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) guidelines on the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). On stateof-the-art CEUS imaging, to create a library of rare FLL, especially concerning their atypical imaging characteristics, might be helpful for improving clinical diagnostic efficiency. In this review, we aim to summarize the ultrasound and CEUS features of rare benign FLL. Currently there are limited reports and images published.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Meios de Contraste , Ultrassonografia/métodos
14.
Ultraschall Med ; 45(1): 36-46, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37748503

RESUMO

Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) is a technique to quantify tissue perfusion based on phase-specific enhancement after the injection of microbubble contrast agents for diagnostic ultrasound. The guidelines of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) published in 2004 and updated in 2008, 2011, and 2020 focused on the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), including essential technical requirements, training, investigational procedures and steps, guidance regarding image interpretation, established and recommended clinical indications, and safety considerations. However, the quantification of phase-specific enhancement patterns acquired with ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) is not discussed here. The purpose of this EFSUMB Technical Review is to further establish a basis for the standardization of DCE-US focusing on treatment monitoring in oncology. It provides some recommendations and descriptions as to how to quantify dynamic ultrasound contrast enhancement, and technical explanations for the analysis of time-intensity curves (TICs). This update of the 2012 EFSUMB introduction to DCE-US includes clinical aspects for data collection, analysis, and interpretation that have emerged from recent studies. The current study not only aims to support future work in this research field but also to facilitate a transition to clinical routine use of DCE-US.


Assuntos
Meios de Contraste , Neoplasias , Humanos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Perfusão
15.
Chinese Journal of Pathology ; (12): 58-63, 2024.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-1012425

RESUMO

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and genetic features of epithelioid and spindle cell rhabdomysarcoma with EWSR1-TFCP2 or FUS-TFCP2 fusion. Methods: The clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of 14 cases of epithelioid and spindle cell rhabdomysarcoma with EWSR1-TFCP2 or FUS-TFCP2 fusion diagnosed from January 2019 to December 2022 in the Department of Pathology, Foshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Foshan, China were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were all subject to FISH or next generation sequencing for analysis of molecular genetic features. The literature was reviewed. Results: There were 5 males and 9 females, with the age at presentation ranging from 6 to 36 years (mean, 22 years). Tumors occurred in the head and neck (9 cases), pelvic region (2 cases), bladder (one case), right humerus (one case), and the abdominal wall, humerus and pubic at the same time (one case). Presenting symptoms varied by location but often included pain or discomfort. Most of the patients showed aggressive radiographic features with soft tissue extension. The tumors had a median size of 6.6 cm (range, 2-23 cm). The tumors were poorly defined and irregularly shaped. Microscopic examination showed diffuse proliferation of spindle or epithelioid cells. While morphologically high-grade tumors displayed obvious cytological atypia, a high mitotic count and tumor necrosis, low-grade tumors grew in sheets and fascicles composed of spindle, epithelioid cells with moderate or abundant amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm, without pronounced cytological atypia. The tumor cells expressed Desmin, MyoD1, and Myogenin, as well as ALK, EMA, and CKpan. EWSR1/FUS-TFCP2 gene fusion was detected in 14 cases with next generation sequencing and confirmed by FISH. Six cases had EWSR1-TFCP2 fusions and 8 cases showed FUS-TFCP2 fusions. Follow-up information was available in 13 patients, ranged from 5 to 37 months. At the end of follow-up period, 7 patients died of the disease. Six patients were alive:two cases had local recurrences and metastases, two cases of recurrences, one case of metastasis and one case without recurrences and metastasis. Conclusions: Epithelioid and spindle cell rhabdomysarcomas with EWSR1-TFCP2 or FUS-TFCP2 fusion show a very aggressive clinical course, and more commonly occur in the head and neck. Their genetic hallmark is the presence of EWSR1/FUS-TFCP2 fusions. Familiarity with its clinicopathological characteristics is helpful in avoiding misdiagnoses.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Rabdomiossarcoma , Proteína EWS de Ligação a RNA/genética , China , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteína FUS de Ligação a RNA/genética
16.
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu ; 43(12): 1411-1421, 2023 Dec 12.
Artigo em Inglês, Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38092540

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To explore the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on intestinal flora in the rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) based on 16S rDNA technique. METHODS: Ten rats were randomized from 58 SPF-grade male SD rats to be the blank group. The remained 48 rats were prepared to be IBS-D models by the modified method of acetic acid enema combined with binding tail-clip stress. Forty successfully-modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group, an acupuncture group, a moxibustion group and a western medication group, with 10 rats in each one. In the acupuncture group, the needle was inserted at bilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36) and remained for 15 min in each rat. In the moxibustion group, the suspending moxibustion was delivered at bilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36) for 15 min. The rats in the western medication group were given pinaverium bromide suspension (10 mL/kg) by intragastric administration. The above interventions were performed once daily for consecutive 14 days. The body mass and the score of fecal trait were compared before and after modeling, as well as after intervention in each group. Fecal water content, diarrhea index and colon transit time (CTT) were measured after modeling and intervention in the rats of each group separately. After intervention, the colonic morphology of rats in each group was observed, and using 16S rDNA technique, the intestinal flora was detected. RESULTS: After modeling, compared with the blank group, the body mass and CTT were reduced (P<0.01); fecal trait scores, fecal water contents and diarrhea index increased (P<0.01) in the other 4 groups. After intervention, the body mass and CTT of the rats decreased (P<0.01), and fecal trait score, fecal water content and diarrhea index increased (P<0.01) in the model group compared with those in the blank group. In the acupuncture group, the moxibustion group and the western medication group, when compared with the model group, the body mass and CTT were elevated (P<0.01), while fecal trait scores, fecal water contents and diarrhea index declined (P<0.01). Compared with the western medication group, fecal water content decreased in the acupuncture group and the moxibustion group (P<0.05), while CTT increased in the acupuncture group (P<0.01), the body mass increased and fecal trait score was dropped in the moxibustion group (P<0.05). The colonic mucosa structure was clear and complete, and there was no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the blank group. The mild interstitial edema of intestinal mucosa was presented with the infiltration of few inflammatory cells in the model group. There was the infiltration of few inflammatory cells in the mucosa of the acupuncture group, the moxibustion group and the western medication group. Compared with the blank group, the indexes of Richness, Chao1, ACE and Shannon decreased in the model group (P<0.05). Indexes of Richness, Chao1 and ACE increased in the acupuncture group and the moxibustion group (P<0.05), and the Richness index in the western medication group increased (P<0.05) when compared with those in the model group. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Prevotella increased (P<0.05), and that of Firmicutes and Muribaculaceae decreased (P<0.05) in the model group compared with those in the blank group. When compared with the model group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Prevotella was reduced (P<0.05), while that of Firmicutes and Muribaculaceae increased (P<0.05) in the acupuncture group, the moxibustion group and the western medication group; and that of Actinobacteria and Bifidobacterium increased in the acupuncture group and the moxibustion group (P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the relative abundance of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis was elevated (P<0.05), and that of folate biosynthesis, lipoic acid metabolism, zeatin biosynthesis, ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis decreased (P<0.05) in the model group. The relative abundance of LPS biosynthesis was dropped (P<0.05), and that of folate biosynthesis, lipoic acid metabolism, zeatin biosynthesis, ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis increased (P<0.05) in the acupuncture group, the moxibustion group and the western medication group compared with those of the model group. CONCLUSIONS: Either acupuncture or moxibustion can relieve the symptoms of IBS-D and protect intestinal mucosa, which may be associated with regulating the structure of intestinal flora and promoting nutrient metabolism and biosynthesis.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável , Moxibustão , Ácido Tióctico , Ratos , Masculino , Animais , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/genética , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/terapia , Moxibustão/métodos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Lipopolissacarídeos , Ubiquinona , Zeatina , Diarreia/genética , Diarreia/terapia , Terpenos , Água , Ácido Fólico , Pontos de Acupuntura
17.
Insights Imaging ; 14(1): 222, 2023 Dec 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38117404

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Precise determination of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) involvement in patients with early-stage thyroid cancer is fairly significant for identifying appropriate cervical treatment options. However, it is almost impossible to directly judge lymph node metastasis based on the imaging information of early-stage thyroid cancer patients with clinically negative lymph nodes. METHODS: Preoperative US images (BMUS and CDFI) of 1031 clinically node negative PTC patients definitively diagnosed on pathology from two independent hospitals were divided into training set, validation set, internal test set, and external test set. An ensemble deep learning model based on ResNet-50 was built integrating clinical variables, BMUS, and CDFI images using a bagging classifier to predict metastasis of CLN. The final ensemble model performance was compared with expert interpretation. RESULTS: The ensemble deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) achieved high performance in predicting CLNM in the test sets examined, with area under the curve values of 0.86 (95% CI 0.78-0.94) for the internal test set and 0.77 (95% CI 0.68-0.87) for the external test set. Compared to all radiologists averaged, the ensemble DCNN model also exhibited improved performance in making predictions. For the external validation set, accuracy was 0.72 versus 0.59 (p = 0.074), sensitivity was 0.75 versus 0.58 (p = 0.039), and specificity was 0.69 versus 0.60 (p = 0.078). CONCLUSIONS: Deep learning can non-invasive predict CLNM for clinically node-negative PTC using conventional US imaging of thyroid cancer nodules and clinical variables in a multi-institutional dataset with superior accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity comparable to experts. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Deep learning efficiently predicts CLNM for clinically node-negative PTC based on US images and clinical variables in an advantageous manner. KEY POINTS: • A deep learning-based ensemble algorithm for predicting CLNM in PTC was developed. • Ultrasound AI analysis combined with clinical data has advantages in predicting CLNM. • Compared to all experts averaged, the DCNN model achieved higher test performance.

18.
Med Ultrason ; 2023 Nov 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38150699

RESUMO

The diagnosis or rare mesenchymal malignant lesions of the liver may be a challenge owing to the rarity of the disease and is usually made by histological confirmation. An ultrasound examination with, if required, color Doppler sonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, taking into account the clinical background of the patient, may help to focus the differential diagnosis. In this review, we describe the pathological and ultrasound features of several rare mesenchymal malignant liver lesions which include undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver, leiomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

19.
Med Ultrason ; 2023 Dec 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38150695

RESUMO

Diagnosing rare hematological malignancies in the liver is often challenging owing to their infrequency, and confirmation generally necessitates histological examination. Due to the rarity of these lesions, there are limited data concerning their appearance on ultrasound and, specifically, contrast-enhanced ultrasound. In this review, we describe the pathological and ultrasound features of several hematological malignant liver lesions, including lymphoma of the liver and chloroma. Furthermore, two specific forms of liver lymphoma are described: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma andplasmacytoma of the liver.

20.
Front Oncol ; 13: 1217309, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37965477

RESUMO

Objectives: To determine whether ultrasound radiomics can be used to distinguish axillary lymph nodes (ALN) metastases in breast cancer based on ALN imaging. Methods: A total of 147 breast cancer patients with 41 non-metastatic lymph nodes and 109 metastatic lymph nodes were divided into a training set (105 ALN) and a validation set (45 ALN). Radiomics features were extracted from ultrasound images and a radiomics signature (RS) was built. The Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Spearman correlation analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods were used to select the ALN status-related features. All images were assessed by two radiologists with at least 10 years of experience in ALN ultrasound examination. The performance levels of the model and radiologists in the training and validation subgroups were then evaluated and compared. Result: Radiomics signature accurately predicted the ALN status, achieved an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.929 (95%CI, 0.881-0.978) and area under curve(AUC) of 0.919 (95%CI, 95%CI, 0.841-0.997) in training and validation cohorts respectively. The radiomics model performed better than two experts' prediction of ALN status in both cohorts (P<0.05). Besides, prediction in subgroups based on baseline clinicopathological information also achieved good discrimination performance, with an AUC of 0.937, 0.918, 0.885, 0.930, and 0.913 in HR+/HER2-, HER2+, triple-negative, tumor sized ≤ 3cm and tumor sized>3 cm, respectively. Conclusion: The radiomics model demonstrated a good ability to predict ALN status in patients with breast cancer, which might provide essential information for decision-making.

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