Effects of ADSC-Derived Exosome LRRC75A-AS1 on Anti-inflammatory Function After SCI.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly debilitating disorder of the central nervous system that can severely impact an affected patient's quality of life. This study aimed to examine how adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-exos) can be used to treat spinal cord injury. We analysed differentially expressed mRNAs in SCI using bioinformatics data, gene expression profiles in inflammatory cell models, RT-qPCR and WB. Apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Starbase provides the control mechanism for FDFT1. Target interactions were detected with dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays. Exosomes were isolated from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and subsequently characterized with western blot analysis, transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. By analysing the GSE102964 database, we found that FDFT1 was significantly downregulated as SCI progressed. Overexpression of FDFT1 can significantly reverse the inflammatory response and apoptosis of BV2 cells induced by hemin. Mechanically, ADSC-exos can affect the expression of FDFT1 through the ceRNA mechanism mediated by LRRC75A-AS1 and in an RBP-dependent manner mediated by IGF2BP2. The overexpression of LRRC75A-AS1 significantly enhances BV2 apoptosis and can be reversed by FDFT1 knockdown. ADSC-exos LRRC75A-AS1 inhibits inflammation and reduces SCI by increasing the expression and stability of FDFT1 mRNA in a ceRNA and RBP-dependent manner.

Discussion on the benefits of different treatment strategies in elderly and non-elderly patients with appendix MiNEN: a retrospective study based on SEER database.

PURPOSE: To investigate the benefits of surgery alone and postoperative chemotherapy in elderly and non-elderly patients with appendiceal mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) and analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with MiNEN of the appendix. METHODS: Based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) of the National Cancer Institute of the USA, 389 patients with appendiceal MiNENs from 2000 to 2016 were collected. All patients were distributed in the elderly group (≥ 60 years old) and the non-elderly group (< 60 years old) according to their age. The prognosis of the two groups of patients who received simple surgery and postoperative chemotherapy was analyzed and compared. The two treatment methods of the two tranches were matched by propensity score matching method. The effect of different treatment ways on the prognosis of sick persons was compared. The survivorship curves were painted by the Kaplan Meier method, log rank test was used to analyze the subsistence discrepancy of each group, and COX proportional risk model was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with appendiceal MiNENs. RESULTS: No matter the overall survival rate (OS) or cancer-specific mortality (CSM) of the two treatment schemes, the prognosis of patients in the only surgery group was meaningfully higher than that in the postoperative chemotherapy group, with statistically significant difference in component comparison (χ2 = 16.496, χ2 = 16.860, P < 0.001). After propensity score matching of patients in each group, there was no striking discrepancy in the OS of patients in the only surgery group compared with those in the postoperative chemotherapy group, regardless of whether they were elderly patients or non-elderly patients (χ2 = 3.205, χ2 = 1.521, all P > 0.05), the CSM consequences are fitting in with the OS. The consequences of the multivariate COX regression model showed that age (≥ 60 years old), sex (female), high histological grade, and lymph node positive were all the influencing factors for the poor OS of patients with MiNEN; the CSM results are consistent with the OS. CONCLUSION: For patients with appendix MiNEN, whether elderly or non-elderly patients (especially for non-elderly patients), surgical treatment may be a better choice.

Effects of different potassium-lowering regimens on acute hyperkalemia in hemodialysis patients: a real-world, retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Hyperkalemia is a common and potentially life-threatening electrolyte disorder in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of potassium-lowering regimens during treatment of acute hyperkalemia in MHD patients. METHODS: This retrospective real-world study (RWS) was conducted among 139 MHD patients. They were given different potassium-lowering regimens, viz. the insulin and glucose (IG) intravenous administration group (IG, 46 patients), the sodium polystyrene sulfonate group (SPS, 33 patients), the sodium zirconium cyclosilicate group (SZC, 38 patients), the IG + SZC group (22 patients). The primary efficacy end point was the rate of serum potassium decline at 2 h. The rates of adverse events were also compared. RESULTS: At 2 h, the mean ± SE change of serum potassium level was - 0.71 ± 0.32 mmol per liter (mmol/L) in IG group, - 0.43 ± 0.38 mmol/L in SPS group, - 0.64 ± 0.36 mmol/L in SZC group, - 1.43 ± 0.38 mmol/L in IG + SZC group (P < 0.01). The serum potassium level in IG + SZC group decreased more than that in the other three groups (P < 0.01), while the serum potassium level in SPS group decreased less than that in the other three groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference on the decrease of the serum potassium level between IG group and the SZC group (P = 0.374). The IG group and the IG + SZC group had higher rates of symptomatic hypoglycemia. The SPS group had significant decreases of serum calcium and serum magnesium after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Among MHD patients with acute hyperkalemia, SZC had similar potassium-lowering efficacy with IG intravenous administration at 2 h and superior on convenience and side-effects.