Polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages induced by recombinant Trichinella spiralis cysteine protease inhibitors in vitro / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the regulatory role of recombinant Trichinella spiralis cysteine protease inhibitors (rTs-Cys) in induction of polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. Methods BMDMs were captured and cultured in conditioned medium for 7 days. Then, mature BMDMs were harvested and assigned into four groups. Cells in Group A (negative control) were given 10 ng/mL IFN-γ combined with 100 ng/mL LPS, cells in Group B (positive control) were treated with IL-4 and IL-10 (at 10 ng/mL both), and cells in Group C (recombinant protein alone) were stimulated with 1 μg/mL rTs-Cys, while cells in Group D (protein co-culture) were simultaneously treated with 1 μg/mL rTs-Cys, 10 ng/mL IFN-γ and 100 ng/mL LPS. Cells and culture supernatant were collected 24 hour post-treatment, and the proportions of F4/80+, CD11b+, CD206+ and CD11c+ cells were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin IL-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the cell culture supernatant were measured by ELISA and the CD86+ and CD206+ phenotypes were identified by immunofluorescent staining. Results Flow cytometry detected no significant difference in the proportion of F4/80+ CD11b+ CD11c+ cells among the four groups (F = 46.184, P < 0.001), and a lower proportion of F4/80+ CD11b+ CD11c+ cells was seen in groups C and D than in group A (all P values < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the proportion of F4/80+ CD11b+ CD206+ cells among the four groups (F = 11.032, P < 0.001), and a greater proportion of F4/80+ CD11b+ CD206+ cells was seen in groups C and D than in group A (all P values < 0.01). Immunofluorescent staining showed higher CD206+ expression and lower CD86+ expression in groups C and D than in Group A. There were significant differences in the IL-6 and (F = 3.950, P < 0.001) and TNF-α (F = 205.827, P < 0.001) levels in the cell culture supernatants among the four groups, and significantly lower IL-6 and TNF-α levels were measured in groups C and D than in Group A (both P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the IL-10 and (F = 8.274, P < 0.001) and TGF-β (F = 13.559, P < 0.01) levels in the cell culture supernatants among the four groups, and greater IL-10 and TGF-β levels were measured in Group C than in Group A (both P values < 0.01). In addition, the TGF-β level was significantly higher in Group D than in Group A (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference in the IL-10 level between groups D and A (P > 0.05). Conclusion rTs-Cys may induce the polarization of BMDMs to antiinflammatory M2 macrophages in vitro and inhibit the activation of M1 macrophages.

[Effect of cystatin from Schistosoma japonicum on DSS - induced ulcerative colitis in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cysteine protease inhibitor derived from Schistosoma japonicum (SjCystatin) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice. METHODS: Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group treated with PBS (Group A), a DSS-induced-colitis group treated with PBS (Group B), and a DSS-induced-colitis group treated with SjCystatin (Group C). Colitis was induced in mice by giving 3% DSS orally for 7 days. During this period, the mice were daily injected with 10 µg of SjCystatin or PBS only as a control intraperitoneally. The mice were monitored daily for their clinical manifestations and given scores based on disease activity index (DAI). The severity of colonic inflammation was monitored by the macroscopic score and pathological change. The cytokine profile including TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in the supernatants of colon homogenate was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with Group A (0.50 ± 0.28), the DAI score increased significantly in Group B (9.30 ± 1.30) (F = 86.86, P < 0.01), with remarkable pathological damages seen in colon tissues. and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were (321.33±67.01) and (403.58 ±180.51) pg/mL. The DAI score significantly reduced in Group C (6.67±1.57) as compared to Group B (F = 86.86, P < 0.01), with improvements in the macroscopic and microscopic pathology in mouse colon specimens. As compared to Group B, the levels of TNF-α [(188.14 ± 40.14) pg/mL] and IL-6 ([ 209.71 ± 48.47) pg/mL] significantly decreased (F = 17.46 and 9.89, both P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: SjCystatin has a significantly inhibitory effect for alleviating DSS-induced acute ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice.

Training and Demand Analysis of Health Information Management Undergraduate Talents against the Background of "Internet + Medical" / 医学信息学杂志

The paper discusses the training situation of Chinese undergraduate talents majoring in health information management from the aspects including setup of the health information management specialty in higher learning institutions in China,enrolment programs and arrangement of major courses,analyzes demands of hospital informatization on health information talents,and providing reference for the training of more qualified talents of the specialty.

Effect of cystatin from Schistosoma japonicum on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of cysteine protease inhibitor derived from S chistosoma japonicum(SjCys-tatin)on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice.Methods Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were ran-domly divided into three groups:a control group treated with PBS(Group A),a DSS-induced-colitis group treated with PBS(Group B),and a DSS-induced-colitis group treated with SjCystatin(Group C).Colitis was induced in mice by giving 3％DSS orally for 7 days.During this period,the mice were daily injected with 10μg of SjCystatin or PBS only as a control intraperitone-ally.The mice were monitored daily for their clinical manifestations and given scores based on disease activity index(DAI).The severity of colonic inflammation was monitored by the macroscopic score and pathological change.The cytokine profile including TNF-α,IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10 in the supernatants of colon homogenate was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with Group A(0.50 ± 0.28),the DAI score increased significantly in Group B(9.30 ± 1.30)(F=86.86,P<0.01),with remarkable path-ological damages seen in colon tissues.and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were(321.33±67.01)and(403.58 ±180.51)pg/mL.The DAI score significantly reduced in Group C(6.67±1.57)as compared to Group B(F=86.86,P<0.01),with improve-ments in the macroscopic and microscopic pathology in mouse colon specimens.As compared to Group B,the levels of TNF-α [(188.14 ± 40.14)pg/mL] and IL-6 [(209.71 ± 48.47)pg/mL] significantly decreased(F=17.46 and 9.89,both P<0.01).Con-clusion SjCystatin has a significantly inhibitory effect for alleviating DSS-induced acute ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice.

[Experience and analysis of excellent works of human parasitology in national medical colleges and universities].

Teaching competition is an effective way for college and university teachers to improve their teaching skills. Based on the teaching practice and experience in medical parasitology, this paper discusses several key issues in teaching competition including topics, teaching designs and teaching methods. It provides references for the teachers in department of parasitology of universities and colleges to improve the quality of classroom teaching.

Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump improves the clinical outcomes of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in left ventricular dysfunction patients.

Severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) are often associated with a higher mortality. The efficacy and safety of the preoperative prophylactic intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) insertion is not well established. 416 consecutive patients with severe LV dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤35%) undergoing isolated OPCAB were enrolled in a retrospective observational study. 191 patients was enrolled in the IABP group; the remaining 225 patients was in control group. A total of 129 pairs of patients were propensity-score matched. No significant differences in demographic and preoperative risk factors were found between the two groups. The postoperative 30-day mortality occurred more frequently in the control group compared with the IABP group (8.5% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.02). There was a significant reduction of low cardiac output syndrome in the IABP group compared with the control group (14% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.04). Prolonged mechanical ventilation (≥48 h) occurred more frequently in the control group (34.9% vs. 20.9%, p = 0.02). IABP also decreased the postoperative length of stay. Preoperative IABP was associated with a lower 30-day mortality, suggesting that it is effective in patients with severe LV dysfunction undergoing OPCAB.

[Effect of excretory/secretory protein of Trichinella spiralis adult worm on CLP-induced sepsis in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms (AES) on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) -induced sepsis in mice. METHODS: Forty-eight BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups：a sham operation group (PBS + sham group, Group A), a CLP-induced sepsis group (PBS+CLP group, Group B) and an AES treatment group (AES+CLP group, Group C). The mice of each group were intraperitoneally injected with 25 µg of AES or PBS only as a control in a total volume of 200 µl. Eight mice from each group were selected randomly for survival analysis of 96 hours. The other 8 mice in each group were observed for pathological changes in the lung, liver and kidney tissues by HE staining 12 h after CLP, and then determined for the detection of cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-ß in the sera by ELISA. RESULTS: The difference among the survival rates of mice in the 3 groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 21.16, P < 0.05). Compared to Group A (100%), the survival rate of mice in Group B (0) decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and also the pathological damage degrees in the lung, liver and kidney tissues of the mice in Group B increased significantly after CLP. Compared with the mice in group B, the survival rate of those in Group C (70%) increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the pathological damage degrees in the lung, liver and kidney tissues of the mice in Group C decreased significantly after the treatment with AES. The differences among the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (F = 27.11, P < 0.05), IL1ß (F = 18.75, P < 0.05) and IL-6 (F = 100.93, P < 0.05) in the sera of the mice in the three groups were statistically significant. Compared with the mice in Group A, the levels of the 3 cytokines of those in Group B increased significantly (all P < 0.05). However, after the treatment with AES, the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines of those in Group C decreased significantly (all P < 0.05). The differences among the levels of immunoregulatory cytokines IL-10 (F = 10.88, P < 0.05) and TGF-ß (F = 11.37, P < 0.05) in the sera of the mice in the three groups were also statistically significant. Compared with the mice in Group B, the levels of IL-10 and TGF-ß of those in Group C were higher after treatment with AES (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: T. spiralis AES has a therapeutic potential for alleviating sepsis induced by CLP in mice.