Body mass index is associated with interleukin-1, adiponectin, oxidative stress and ioduria levels in healthy adults.

BACKGROUND: iodine contributes to maintain the balance of the reduced and oxidized species and is also required for thyroid hormones synthesis as triiodothyronine (T3), which regulates energy metabolism in adults. Increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and abnormalities in adipocytokines secretions that are associated with obesity and chronic disease. OBJECTIVE: the aim of the study is to investigate the association between ioduria, oxidative stress, total antioxidant status, adiponectin and interleukin-1 (IL-1) with BMI in healthy adults. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was performed in 114 healthy adult volunteers, aged 25-44 years, divided according to their BMI in three groups: normal weight (BMI < 25), overweight (BMI ≤ 25 to < 30), obesity (BMI ≥ 30). Adiponectin and IL-1 were measured by immune-enzymatic assays; oxidative stress, by determination of malondialdehyde (MDA); and total antioxidant status (TAS) and ioduria were measured by colorimetric assays. Statistical association was done by Spearman's test. RESULTS: overweight and obese subjects have higher serum levels of MDA, TAS and IL-1 vs normal weight subjects. Moreover, overweight and obese subjects have lower levels of iodine and adiponectin vs normal weight subjects. MDA was positively related only with obese subjects (r = 0.787, p = 0.008) and TAS with overweight (r = 0.398, p = 0.049) and obese subjects (r = 0.448, p = 0.030). In contrast, a reverse correlation with ioduria was found in obese subjects (r = 0.463, p = 0.001). Adiponectin was negatively related only in obese subjects (r = -0.477, p = 0.001), while, IL-1 was positively related with the increase of BMI (overweight r = 0.287, p = 0.050; and obesity r = 0.515, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: alteration in IL-1, adiponectin and oxidative stress levels were found to be related to overweight and obesity; also, iodine levels decreased when BMI increased, contributing to loss of redox equilibrium. All this data may play an important role in etiopathogenesis of chronic disease related to the increase of BMI.

Body mass index is associated with interleukin-1, adiponectin, oxidative stress and ioduria levels in healthy adults / El índice de masa corporal está asociado con los niveles de interleucina-1, adiponectina, estrés oxidativo y yoduria en adultos sanos

Background: iodine contributes to maintain the balance of the reduced and oxidized species and is also required for thyroid hormones synthesis as triiodothyronine (T3), which regulates energy metabolism in adults. Increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and abnormalities in adipocytokines secretions that are associated with obesity and chronic disease. Objective: the aim of the study is to investigate the association between ioduria, oxidative stress, total antioxidant status, adiponectin and interleukin-1 (IL-1) with BMI in healthy adults. Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed in 114 healthy adult volunteers, aged 25-44 years, divided according to their BMI in three groups: normal weight (BMI < 25), overweight (BMI ≤ 25 to < 30), obesity (BMI ≥ 30). Adiponectin and IL-1 were measured by immune-enzymatic assays; oxidative stress, by determination of malondialdehyde (MDA); and total antioxidant status (TAS) and ioduria were measured by colorimetric assays. Statistical association was done by Spearman’s test. Results: overweight and obese subjects have higher serum levels of MDA, TAS and IL-1 vs normal weight subjects. Moreover, overweight and obese subjects have lower levels of iodine and adiponectin vs normal weight subjects. MDA was positively related only with obese subjects (r = 0.787, p = 0.008) and TAS with overweight (r = 0.398, p = 0.049) and obese subjects (r = 0.448, p = 0.030). In contrast, a reverse correlation with ioduria was found in obese subjects (r = 0.463, p = 0.001). Adiponectin was negatively related only in obese subjects (r = -0.477, p = 0.001), while, IL-1 was positively related with the increase of BMI (overweight r = 0.287, p = 0.050; and obesity r = 0.515, p = 0.006).Conclusion: alteration in IL-1, adiponectin and oxidative stress levels were found to be related to overweight and obesity; also, iodine levels decreased when BMI increased, contributing to loss of redox equilibrium. All this data may play an important role in etiopathogenesis of chronic disease related to the increase of BMI

Antecedentes: el yodo contribuye a mantener el balance de especies reducidas y oxidadas y también es requerido para la síntesis de hormonas tiroideas como la triyodotironina (T3), que regula el metabolismo energético en el adulto. El incremento en el índice de masa corporal esta asociado con marcadores inflamatorios, estrés oxidativo y anormalidades en la secreción de adipocitocinas que están asociadas con la obesidad y enfermedades crónicas degenerativas. Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio es investigar la asociación entre yodaría, estrés oxidativo, estado antioxidante total, adiponectina, e interleucina 1, con el IMC en adultos saludables. Métodos: se realizo un estudio transversal con 114 adultos, 33 hombres y 81 mujeres, de entre 25 y 44 años, a los cuales se les midieron sus características clínicas, antropométricas y parámetros sociodemográficos. Los niveles de adiponectina e interleucina 1 se midieron por inmunoensayo; el estrés oxidativo, el estado antioxidante total y la yodaría, por métodos colorimétricos. Resultados: los sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad tienen altos niveles de MDA, FRAP e IL-1 vs. los sujetos con peso normal. Sin embargo, los sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad tienen bajos niveles de yodo y adiponectina vs. los sujetos con normopeso. El estrés oxidativo (MDA) se relacionó positivamente solo en sujetos obesos (r = 0,787, p = 0,008) y el estado antioxidante (FRAP) con sobrepeso (r = 0,398, p = 0,049) y obesidad (r = 0,448, p = 0,030). En contraste, se encontró una asociación entre yoduria y sujetos obesos (r = 0,463, r = 0,001). Los niveles de adiponectina se relacionaron negativamente solo en sujetos obesos (r = -0,477, p = 0,001), mientras que la IL-1 fue positivamente relacionada con el incremento de BMI (sobrepeso r = 0,287, p = 0,050; y obesidad r = 0,515, p = 0,006). Conclusión: La alteración en los niveles de interleucina-1, adiponectina y estrés oxidativo se relacionaron en sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad; además, los niveles de yodo disminuyeron con el incremento del IMC, contribuyendo a la pérdida del equilibrio redox. Estos datos juegan un papel importante en la etiopatogenesis relacionada con enfermedades crónicas relacionadas con el incremento del IMC

Iodine levels are associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant status in pregnant women with hypertensive disease

BACKGROUND: The antioxidant function of iodine and iodine deficiency as a risk factor of preeclampsia have been previously reported. AIM: To analyze the association between iodine deficiency, oxidative stress and antioxidant status with hypertensive disease of pregnancy (HPD). METHOD: Fifty-seven pregnant women were recruited in the last trimester of pregnancy; 20 were diagnosed with hypertensive disease (HPD) of pregnancy and 37 were normotensive pregnant women. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), TSH, free T4 (fT4), total antioxidant status (FRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and oxidative stress (TBARS) were evaluated by colorimetric methods. RESULTS: UIC median for all pregnant women was 151.9 µg/l. The UIC for pregnant women with HPD was 50-149 µg/l, compared to 150-249 µg/l in normotensive women. No significant differences in levels of TSH and fT4 in normotensive pregnant compared with HPD women were found. Pregnant women with HPD had significant high levels of TBARS, and significant low levels of FRP, SOD, CAT and UIC compared to normotensive pregnant. In addition, pregnant women with optimal levels of UIC had a higher SOD activity (r = 0.354, p = 0.011), while iodine deficiency was associated with HPD (r = -0,281, p = 0.039). Similarly, pregnant women with HPD had a significant negative association with SOD activity (r = -0.702, p = 0.005), CAT (r = -0.409, p = 0.002), and FRP (r = -0.624, p = 0.003), and a positive association with TBARS (r = 0.744, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Iodine contributes to redox balance during pregnancy; its deficiency is associated with HPD. This study shows the importance of iodine during pregnancy.

Iodine levels are associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant status in pregnant women with hypertensive disease / Los niveles de yodo están asociados con estrés oxidativo y estado antioxidante en mujeres embarazadas con enfermedad hipertensiva

Background: The antioxidant function of iodine and iodine deficiency as a risk factor of preeclampsia have been previously reported. Aim: To analyze the association between iodine deficiency, oxidative stress and antioxidant status with hypertensive disease of pregnancy (HPD). Method: Fifty-seven pregnant women were recruited in the last trimester of pregnancy; 20 were diagnosed with hypertensive disease (HPD) of pregnancy and 37 were normotensive pregnant women. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), TSH, free T4 (fT4), total antioxidant status (FRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and oxidative stress (TBARS) were evaluated by colorimetric methods. Results: UIC median for all pregnant women was 151.9 μg/l. The UIC for pregnant women with HPD was 50-149 μg/l, compared to 150-249 μg/l in normotensive women. No significant differences in levels of TSH and fT4 in normotensive pregnant compared with HPD women were found. Pregnant women with HPD had significant high levels of TBARS, and significant low levels of FRP, SOD, CAT and UIC compared to normotensive pregnant. In addition, pregnant women with optimal levels of UIC had a higher SOD activity (r = 0.354, p = 0.011), while iodine deficiency was associated with HPD (r = -0,281, p = 0.039). Similarly, pregnant women with HPD had a significant negative association with SOD activity (r = -0.702, p = 0.005), CAT (r = -0.409, p = 0.002), and FRP (r = -0.624, p = 0.003), and a positive association with TBARS (r = 0.744, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Iodine contributes to redox balance during pregnancy; its deficiency is associated with HPD. This study shows the importance of iodine during pregnancy (AU)

Antecedentes: previamente se han reportado la función antioxidante del yodo y su deficiencia como un factor de riesgo de preeclampsia. Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre la deficiencia de yodo, el estrés oxidativo y el estado antioxidante con la enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo (HPD). Métodos: cincuenta y siete mujeres embarazadas se reclutaron en el último trimestre del embarazo, 20 diagnosticadas de enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo y 37 gestantes normotensas. La concentración urinaria de yodo (UIC), TSH, T4 libre (hT4), estado antioxidante total (FRP), superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT), y estrés oxidativo (TBARS) se evaluaron por métodos colorimétricos. Resultados: la mediana de UIC para todas las mujeres embarazadas fue de 151,9 μg/l. La UIC para las mujeres embarazadas con HPD fue de entre 50 y 149 μg/l, comparada con 150-249 μg/l de las gestantes normotensas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los niveles de TSH y fT4 en embarazadas normotensas y en mujeres con HPD. Las mujeres embarazadas con HPD tuvieron niveles altos de TBARS y niveles bajos de FRP, SOD, CAT y UIC comparadas con las gestantes normotensas. Además, las mujeres gestantes con niveles óptimos de UIC tuvieron la actividad SOD más alta (r = 0,354, p = 0,011), mientras que la deficiencia de yodo se asoció con HPD (r = -0,281, p = 0,039). De manera similar, las gestantes con HPD tuvieron una asociación negativa con la actividad de SOD (r = -0,702, p = 0,005), CAT (r = -0,409, p = 0,002) y FRP (r = -0,624, p = 0,003), y una asociación positiva con TBARS (r = 0,744, p = 0,001). Conclusión: el yodo coadyuva en el balance redox durante la gestación; su deficiencia está asociada con HPD. Este estudio muestra la importancia del yodo durante la gestación (AU)