A novel log odds of positive lymph nodes-based nomogram for predicting overall survival in patients with colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma: a SEER population-based study.

PURPOSE: Considering the poor prognosis and high lymph node (LN) involvement rate of colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC), this study aimed to construct a prognostic nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) with satisfactory accuracy and utility, based on LN status indicators with superior predictability. METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we obtained cases of colorectal SRCC patients and employed univariate and multivariate Cox analyses to determine independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier curves were utilized to visualize survival differences among these factors. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess predictive performances of models incorporating various LN status indicators. A novel nomogram, containing optimal LN status indicators and other prognostic factors, was developed to predict OS, whose discriminatory ability and accuracy were evaluated using calibration curves and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1663 SRCC patients were screened from SEER database. Older patients and those with grades III-IV, tumor sizes > 39 mm, T3/T4 stage, N1/N2 stage, M1 stage, and higher log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) values exhibited poorer prognoses. Age, grade, tumor size, TNM stage, and LODDS were independent prognostic factors. The model containing N stage and LODDS outperformed the one relying solely on N stage as LN status indicator, resulting in a validated nomogram for accurately predicting OS in SRCC patients. CONCLUSION: The integration of LODDS, N stage, and other risk factors into a nomogram offered precise OS predictions, enhancing therapeutic decision-making and tailored follow-up management for colorectal SRCC patients.

Survival and Prognosis for Patients with Rectal Melanomas in the United States: A SEER-Based Study.

PURPOSE: Limited attention was paid to focus on rectal melanomas (RM). This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and prognostic factors of RM. METHODS: The data for patients with RM from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were used to analyze tumor survival. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were employed to estimate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). A nomogram was established based on the risk factors of survival by the forest plot for multivariate Cox regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curve were conducted for validation. RESULTS: A total of 187 patients with RM were selected to perform survival analyses. The median survival time of OS was 12 months (range: 0-146 months), and the median survival time of CSS was 12 months (range: 0-74 months). Patients' age, tumor size, stage, the number of nodes examined, surgery, and radiation were identified as prognostic indicators for CSS by the forest plot for multivariate Cox regression analysis. The nomogram was validated as a reliable model for CSS. CONCLUSION: Clinicopathologic relevance with tumor prognosis was confirmed in this study. Our nomogram can provide a relatively accurate prediction of the survival rate of patients with RM.

Incidence, survival, and prognostic factors for patients with gastrointestinal mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms: a SEER population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are a group of rare tumors with limited research currently available. This study aimed to analyze the incidence, survival, and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal MiNENs. METHODS: We included data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2019. We compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival rates between MiNENs and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and calculated the incidence of MiNENs. We utilized univariate and multivariate Cox analysis to assess independent factors of prognosis and established a nomogram to predict 1-, 2-, and 3-year cancer-specific survival (CSS). Calibration and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to validate the accuracy and reliability of the model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical utility of the model. RESULTS: Patients with gastrointestinal MiNENs had a poorer prognosis than those with NETs. The overall incidence of gastrointestinal MiNENs has been increasing annually. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and surgery were independent risk factors for CSS in MiNENs patients. Based on these risk factors, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year CSS nomogram model for MiNENs patients was established. Calibration, ROC, and DCA curves of the training and validation sets demonstrated that this model had good accuracy and clinical utility. CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal MiNENs are rare tumors with an increasing incidence rate. The nomogram model is expected to be an effective tool for personalized prognosis prediction in MiNENs patients, which may benefit clinical decision-making.

Incidence and survival of adenocarcinoma with mixed subtypes in patients with colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Limited attention was paid to adenocarcinoma with mixed subtypes (AM) of the colon and rectum due to its low incidence. This study aims to assess the frequency and survival rates of tumors in the population. METHODS: The data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2019. The incidence of tumors was evaluated based on patient gender, age, race, and location. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with tumor survival. Additionally, a nomogram was constructed using these risk factors to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) at 1, 2, and 3 years. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were applied to examine the model's accuracy. RESULTS: The overall incidence of colorectal AM reached its highest level in 2016 (2.350 (95% CI: 2.241-2.462)). AM is more frequent in elderly patients and predominantly located in the rectum. By forest plot for multivariable Cox regression analysis, patient age, the number of regional positive lymph nodes and lymph nodes removed, tumor N/M stage, and postoperative chemotherapy were identified as independent risk indicators for CSS. Nomogram was constructed and validated as a feasible prediction model of CSS in patients with colorectal AM. CONCLUSION: The presence of colorectal AM in elderly patients, particularly in the rectum, is frequent and often associated with poor prognosis. Our nomograms can offer a relatively accurate prediction of CSS of patients with AM after tumor resection.

Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors of patients with T3/T4 colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and construct a nomogram to predict the CSS of patients with colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). METHODS: The data for patients with colorectal SRCC from 2000 to 2019 was identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to minimize bias between SRCC and adenocarcinoma patients. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate the CSS. A nomogram was constructed based on the independent prognostic factors identified by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. The model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots. RESULTS: Poor CSS was more common in patients with colorectal SRCC, especially in patients with T4/N2 stage, tumor size > 80 mm, grade III-IV, and chemotherapy. Age, T/N stage, and tumor size > 80 mm were identified as independent prognostic indicators. And a prognostic nomogram was constructed and validated as an accurate model for the CSS of patients with colorectal SRCC by ROC curves and calibration plots. CONCLUSION: Patients with colorectal SRCC have a poor prognosis. And the nomogram was expected to be effective in predicting the survival of patients with colorectal SRCC.

Microbial biomarkers of common tongue coatings in patients with gastric cancer.

PURPOSE: The study aims to explore the characteristic microorganisms of the common tongue coatings in patients with gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: A total of 115 GC patients were assigned to four groups: White-thin coating (W-thin) group, White-thick coating (W-thick) group, Yellow-thin coating (Y-thin) group and Yellow-thick coating (Y-thick) group. Thirty-five healthy volunteers with White-thin coating were recruit as controls. High-throughput sequencing was used to describe the microbial community of the tongue coatings based on 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes. Multi-factors statistical analysis was carried out to present the microbial biomarkers of the tongue coating in GC patients. RESULTS: At bacterial phylum level, Saccharibacteria had higher relative abundance in W-thick group than W-thin group, Proteobacteria was more abundant in W-thin group than Y-thick group and less abundant in Y-thick group than Y-thin group. At fungal genus level, Guehomyces and Aspergillus presented to be significantly different among the common tongue coatings. Forteen significantly increased taxa were sorted out as the microbial biomarkers of common tongue coatings by LEfSe and ROC analysis. At species level, bacterial Capnocytophaga leadbetteri and fungal Ampelomyces_sp_IRAN_1 may be the potential biomarkers of W-thin coating, four bacterial species (Megasphaera micronuciformis, Selenomonas sputigena ATCC 35185, Acinetobacter ursingii, Prevotella maculosa) may be the potential biomarkers of W-thick coating. In general, the white coatings held more complex commensal relationship than the yellow coatings. CONCLUSION: The common tongue coating owned characteristic microorganisms and special commensal relationship in the GC patients.