RESUMO
Ducks have played an important role in the emergence of H5N1 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), and the development of an effective vaccine against HPAI in ducks is a top priority. It has been shown that a recombinant fowlpox virus (FPV)-vectored vaccine can provide protection against HPAI in ducks. In this study, a recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV-AIH5AIL6) coexpressing the haemagglutinin (HA) gene of the H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza virus (AIV) and chicken interleukin 6 gene was constructed and tested in Gaoyou and cherry valley ducks to evaluate the immune response in ducks. These animal studies demonstrated that rFPV-AIH5AIL6 induced a higher anti-AIV HI antibody response, an enhanced lymphocyte proliferation response, an elevated immune protection, and a reduction in virus shedding compared to a recombinant fowlpox virus expressing the HA gene alone (rFPV-SYHA). These data indicate that rFPV-AIH5AIL6 may be a potential vaccine against the H5 subtype of avian influenza in ducks and chicken interleukin 6 may be an effective adjuvant for increasing the immunogenicity of FPV-vectored AIV vaccines in ducks.
Assuntos
Portadores de Fármacos , Vírus da Varíola das Aves Domésticas/genética , Vetores Genéticos , Glicoproteínas de Hemaglutininação de Vírus da Influenza/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Aviária/prevenção & controle , Interleucina-6/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Proliferação de Células , Galinhas , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Patos , Glicoproteínas de Hemaglutininação de Vírus da Influenza/genética , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Influenza/genética , Influenza Aviária/patologia , Influenza Aviária/virologia , Interleucina-6/genética , Linfócitos/imunologia , Vacinas Sintéticas/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Sintéticas/genética , Vacinas Sintéticas/imunologia , Eliminação de Partículas ViraisRESUMO
While colloidal nanocrystals hold tremendous potential for both enhancing fundamental understanding of materials scaling and enabling advanced technologies, progress in both realms can be inhibited by the limited reproducibility of traditional synthetic methods and by the difficulty of optimizing syntheses over a large number of synthetic parameters. Here, we describe an automated platform for the reproducible synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals and for the high-throughput optimization of physical properties relevant to emerging applications of nanomaterials. This robotic platform enables precise control over reaction conditions while performing workflows analogous to those of traditional flask syntheses. We demonstrate control over the size, size distribution, kinetics, and concentration of reactions by synthesizing CdSe nanocrystals with 0.2% coefficient of variation in the mean diameters across an array of batch reactors and over multiple runs. Leveraging this precise control along with high-throughput optical and diffraction characterization, we effectively map multidimensional parameter space to tune the size and polydispersity of CdSe nanocrystals, to maximize the photoluminescence efficiency of CdTe nanocrystals, and to control the crystal phase and maximize the upconverted luminescence of lanthanide-doped NaYF(4) nanocrystals. On the basis of these demonstrative examples, we conclude that this automated synthesis approach will be of great utility for the development of diverse colloidal nanomaterials for electronic assemblies, luminescent biological labels, electroluminescent devices, and other emerging applications.
