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1.
PLoS One ; 16(2): e0247367, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33617590

RESUMO

This study aimed to identify the specimen type that has high positivity and its proper sampling time for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing to promote diagnostic efficiency. All SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis in Zhoushan City were followed up for viral shedding in respiratory tract specimens and faecal samples. Positivity was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively by proper statistical approaches with strong testing power. Viral shedding in respiratory tract and faecal specimens was prolonged to 45 and 40 days after the last exposure, respectively. The overall positive rate in respiratory tract specimens was low and relatively unstable, being higher in the early-to-mid stage than in the mid-to-late stage of the disease course. Compared with respiratory tract specimens, faecal samples had a higher viral load, higher overall positive rate, and more stable positivity in different disease courses and varied symptomatic status. Faecal specimens have the potential ability to surpass respiratory tract specimens in virus detection. Testing of faecal specimens in diagnosis, especially for identifying asymptomatic carriers, is recommended. Simultaneously, testing respiratory tract specimens at the early-to-mid stage is better than testing at the mid-to-late stage of the disease course. A relatively small sample size was noted, and statistical approaches were used to address it. Information was missing for both specimen types at different stages of the disease course due to censored data. Our research extends the observed viral shedding in both specimen types and highlights the importance of faecal specimen testing in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Healthcare workers, patients, and the general public may all benefit from our study findings. Disposal of sewage from hospitals and residential areas should be performed cautiously because the virus sheds in faeces and can last for a long time.


Assuntos
Teste para COVID-19/métodos , COVID-19 , Fezes/virologia , Sistema Respiratório/virologia , Eliminação de Partículas Virais , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/virologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Manejo de Espécimes , Adulto Jovem
2.
Global Health ; 15(1): 7, 2019 01 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30670067

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Reducing premature deaths is an important step towards achieving the World Health Organization's sustainable development goal. Redeployed miners are more prone to disease or premature death due to the special occupational characteristics. Our aims were to describe the deaths of redeployed miners, assess the losses due to premature death and identify their main health problems. All the records of individuals were obtained from Fuxin Mining Area Social Security Administration Center. Year of life lost (YLL) and average year of life lost were used to assess the loss due to premature death. YLL rates per 1000 individuals were considered to compare deaths from different populations. RESULTS: Circulatory system diseases contributed the most years of life lost in the causes of death, followed by neoplasms. But average year of life lost in neoplasms was 6.85, higher than circulatory system diseases, 5.63. Cerebrovascular disease and ischemic heart disease were the main causes of death in circulatory system diseases. And average years of life lost in cerebrovascular disease and ischemic heart disease were 5.85 and 5.62, higher than those in other circulatory system diseases. Lung cancer was the principal cause of death in neoplasms. Average year of life lost in liver cancer was 7.92, the highest in neoplasms. CONCLUSIONS: For redeployed miners, YLL rates per 1000 individuals in cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease and lung cancer were higher than those in other populations, especially in men. It is important to attach importance to the health of redeployed miners, take appropriate measures to reduce premature death and achieve the sustainable development goal. Our findings also contribute to a certain theoretical reference for other countries that face or will face the same problem.


Assuntos
Mineração , Mortalidade Prematura , Doenças não Transmissíveis/mortalidade , Doenças Profissionais/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Causas de Morte , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Expectativa de Vida , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
3.
BMC Public Health ; 18(1): 1010, 2018 Aug 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30107832

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The opencast coal mine is a specific mine differing from the underground mine. There are differences in the way into the ore body, the organization of production, transport technology and other aspects. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of CWP among ex-dust miners in opencast coal mines and estimate the incidence trend of CWP by APC model in the future. METHODS: All opencast miners who had been exposed to dust for at least 1 year in opencast mines were enrolled in this study. The database included demographic details, occupational history records with the date of dust exposure, physical examination records and pneumoconiosis diagnosis records. An age-period-cohort (APC) model has been carried out in order to explore the effects of the age, period and cohort on the prevalence of CWP among ex-dust opencast miners. RESULTS: 8191 opencast miners were enrolled in the study, including 259 miners with CWP and 7932 miners without CWP. The incidence density of CWP would have an increasing trend in opencast mines from 2005 to 2024. The number of possible CWP patients predicted in this period was approximately 492. Of them, 275 miners could have suffered from CWP in 2005-2014 and 217 miners would suffer from CWP in 2015-2024 among the ex-dust opencast miners. CONCLUSIONS: The APC model had a goodness of fit in predicting the incidence trend of CWP in opencast coal mines. By this model, we predicted that 492 opencast miners could be diagnosed as CWP from 2005 to 2024. Therefore ex-dust opencast miners cannot be ignored and they should have regular physical examinations and detection for CWP.


Assuntos
Antracose/epidemiologia , Minas de Carvão , Mineradores/estatística & dados numéricos , Modelos Estatísticos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Carvão Mineral , Estudos de Coortes , Poeira , Previsões , Humanos , Incidência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Tempo
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